Case series of tuberculous otitis media: Spectrum of clinical presentation and outcome.

Objective: Tuberculous otitis media (TB OM) is a rare disease. We present here our experience of TB OM on its clinical presentation, investigation and treatment outcome.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed and clinical data of patients in whom TB OM was diagnosed at our center between 2008 and 2019 was analyzed.

Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study.

The metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.

Collision tumor of the ovary: Fibroma and mature cystic teratoma.

Collision tumor consists of two tumors occurring in the same organ without intermixture of the two cell types. The most common type of collision tumor in ovary is between teratoma and surface epithelial tumor. A 38-year-old woman presented with complained of lower abdominal pain and tightness, and a solid partially cystic left ovarian mass with minimal ascites was detected.

Potential Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Dengue Fever and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus.

While dengue virus (DENV) infection imposes a serious challenge to the survival of humans worldwide, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) remains the most devastating pandemic in human history. A significant number of studies have shown that plant-derived substances could serve as potential candidates for the development of safe and efficacious remedies for combating these diseases. Different scientific databases were used to source for literature on plants used against these infections.

Risk perception and knowledge regarding diabetes among offspring of type 2 diabetics at a tertiary institution.

Introduction: The rapid increase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) among the younger age groups is a growing concern worldwide. Thus, assessing the perception of risk and knowledge among those at risk may provide an opportunity for early intervention, delay or even prevent the onset.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the perceived risk of developing T2DM and its knowledge among the offspring of diabetic patients.

The Psychological Impact of Movement Restriction during the COVID-19 Outbreak on Clinical Undergraduates: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia and the subsequent closure of all educational institutions. We aimed to examine the psychological impact of the MCO among clinical undergraduates. A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-reported questionnaires that were distributed online using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS 21), Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS), and the newly designed MCO effect questionnaire.

Development and validation of Malaysia Medication Adherence Assessment Tool (MyMAAT) for diabetic patients.

Medication non-adherence remains a significant barrier in achieving better health outcomes for patients with chronic diseases. Previous self-reported medication adherence tools were not developed in the context of the Malaysia population. The most commonly used tool, MMAS-8, is no longer economical because it requires a license and currently every form used is charged.

Extracardiac Rhabdomyoma Mimicking Plunging Ranula.

Histopathologically adult extracardiac rhabdomyoma is a benign tumour of mature striated muscle. It is a slow- growing tumour with predilection to occur in head and neck region. They appear mainly as a solitary lesion, and about 15% of them can be multicentric.

The effects of six months Persicaria minor extract supplement among older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blinded, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Persicaria minor extract exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and has potential effects on cognitive function and mood. However, the effects of P.minor on brain activation and biomarkers have not been studied among older adults.

Effects of Quercetin on Cardiac Function in Pressure Overload and Postischemic Cardiac Injury in Rodents: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Cardiac dysfunction can occur as a sequela of a state of prolonged pressure overload and postischemic injury. Flavonoids such as quercetin may be protective against cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to systematically assess the effects of quercetin on cardiac function in pressure overload and postischemia-reperfusion injury in rodents.

Correlation between Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Abnormalities and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with maternal and neonatal complications. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the abnormalities of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This was a retrospective study of GDM patients over a five-year period in a Malaysian tertiary center.

Now You See, Now You Don't: A Case Of Spontaneous Regression of Pituitary Tumour.

Spontaneous regression of pituitary tumours are rare and can be due to tumour ischaemia, pituitary apoplexy, or lymphocytic hypophysitis. We report a case of a 32-year-old female, who presented with symptoms and signs of extrasellar pituitary enlargement and hypothyroidism. MRI revealed a pituitary mass that spontaneously regressed after a month, with complete resolution of symptoms.

Cochlear nerve canal stenosis and associated semicircular canal abnormalities in paediatric sensorineural hearing loss: a single centre study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between cochlear nerve canal dimensions and semicircular canal abnormalities and to determine the distribution of bony labyrinth anomalies in patients with cochlear nerve canal stenosis.

Method: This was a retrospective study in which high-resolution computed tomography images of paediatric patients with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss were reviewed. A cochlear nerve canal diameter of 1.

Comparison Between Sodium Acetate and Sodium Chloride in Parenteral Nutrition for Very Preterm Infants on the Acid-Base Status and Neonatal Outcomes.

Purpose: To compare between sodium acetate (SA) and sodium chloride (SC) in parenteral nutrition (PN) with associated metabolic acidosis and neonatal morbidities in preterm infants.

Methods: Preterm infants below 33 weeks gestational age, and with a birth weight under 1,301 g were enrolled and further stratified into two groups: i) <1,000 g, or ii) ≥1,000 g in birth weight. The subjects were randomized to receive PN containing SA or SC within the first day of life.

Surgical management of cochlear implant in chronic otitis media patients: safe and sound.

Introduction: Cochlear implantation (CI) in cases with chronic otitis media (COM) was previously contraindicated but recent advances have made it possible.

Objective: To review surgical and audiological outcomes of COM patients that underwent CI.

Material And Methods: Retrospective review of patients above 18 years old.

A case paradoxical hidradenitis suppurativa with janus kinase inhibitor, literature review and pooled analysis of biological agent-induced HS.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating chronic inflammatory skin disease. Biological therapy has revolutionized it's the treatment. Paradoxical HS occur with various biological and targeted agents.

The outcomes of bilateral cochlear implant users in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Introduction: Bilateral cochlear implants are seen to improve hearing capabilities.

Objective: To assess the auditory outcome of paediatric bilateral cochlear implant in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study single centre analysis.

Correlation between MRI characteristics of medulloblastoma with histopathological subtypes and 2-year survival.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the imaging features of medulloblastoma (MB) and correlate the MR characteristics with the different histological subtype of MB with 2-year survival.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. A total of 29 patients diagnosed with MB from January 2005 to December 2015 were included in this study.

Discovering the Potentials of Medicinal Mushrooms in Combating Depression - A Review.

Depression is the most common form of mental illness and the major cause of disability worldwide. Symptoms of depression, including feelings of intense sadness and hopelessness, may occur after a specific event or in response to a gradual decline in health and functional status, often associated with aging. Current therapies for treating these symptoms include antidepressant drugs, counseling and behavioral therapy.

Depression, anxiety, and associated factors in patients with diabetes: evidence from the anxiety, depression, and personality traits in diabetes mellitus (ADAPT-DM) study.

Background: Depression and anxiety are common psychiatric complications affecting patients with diabetes mellitus. However, data on the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and associated factors among Malaysian diabetic patients is scarce. The Anxiety, Depression, and Personality Traits in Diabetes Mellitus (ADAPT-DM) study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety, and their associated factors in the Malaysian diabetic population.

HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles and haplotypes in 271 Southeast Asia Indians from Peninsular Malaysia.

A total of 271 Southeast Asia Indians from Peninsular Malaysia were genotyped for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 loci using polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization methods. In this report, HLA-B and HLA-DQB1 was in Hardy-Weinberg proportions (HWEP) (p > 0.05).

A randomized half-body, double blind, controlled trial on the effects of a pH-modified moisturizer vs. standard moisturizer in mild to moderate atopic dermatitis.

Background: Higher skin pH in atopic dermatitis contributes to impaired epidermal barrier. A moisturizer compatible with physiological pH could improve atopic dermatitis.

Objective: To determine the effect of a physiologically compatible pH moisturizer in atopic dermatitis.

Is Heart Rate a Confounding Factor for Photoplethysmography Markers? A Systematic Review.

Finger photoplethysmography (PPG) waveform is blood volume change of finger microcirculation that reflects vascular function. Reflection index (RI), stiffness index (SI) and second derivative of photoplethysmogram (SDPPG) are derived from PPG waveforms proposed as cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers. Heart rate (HR) is a known factor that affects vascular function.

Intra-pleural Instillation of Autologous Blood - Fine-tuning Techniques for Better Success Rate: Two Case Reports.

In the past, many case series have reported the effectiveness of autologous blood patch pleurodesis (ABPP) in recurrent secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP), particularly in those who were unfit for surgery. We describe two cases of persistent air leak in pneumoconiosis and pulmonary fibrosis with bronchiectasis, whereby the techniques employed had improved the success rate of ABPP. The determining factors that lead to the success of ABPP were determined by the volume of autologous blood instilled, Trendelenburg position post instillation, and early chest physiotherapy with mobilisation by application of pneumostat.