Novel yellowish-green single-phased spinel MgBaAlO:Mn phosphor(s) for color rendering white-light-emitting diodes.

For white light-rendering research activities, interpretation by using colored emitting materials is an alternative approach. But there are issues in designing the white color emitting materials. Particularly, differences in thermal and decay properties of discrete red, green, and blue emitting materials led to the quest for the search of a single-phased material, able to emit primary colors for white light generation.

Accounting for the health risk of probiotics.

Probiotics have long been associated with a myriad of health benefits, so much so that their adverse effects whether mild or severe, are often neglected or overshadowed by the enormous volume of articles describing their beneficial effects in the current literature. Recent evidence has demonstrated several health risks of probiotics that warrant serious reconsideration of their applications and further investigations. This review aims to highlight studies that report on how probiotics might cause opportunistic systemic and local infections, detrimental immunological effects, metabolic disturbance, allergic reactions, and facilitating the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

Examining the causal effects of exposure to violence on crime among youth involved in the justice system: Experienced, witnessed, and experienced-witnessed violence.

Previous studies on exposure to violence lack a nuanced understanding of the causal effects of different exposure types on offending behaviors. This study, drawing on Pathways to Desistance Study (PDS) data tracking 1354 adjudicated youths aged 14-18 over 7 years, explores the contemporaneous (cross-sectional), acute (after 1 year), enduring (after 3 years), and long-term (after 6 years) causal effects of violence exposure on property and violent offending. The sample, predominantly male (86%), consisted of White (20%), Black (42%), and other (38%) individuals.

Cyclic nucleotides - the rise of a family.

Cyclic nucleotides 3',5'-cAMP and 3',5'-cGMP are now established signaling components of the plant cell while their 2',3' positional isomers are increasingly recognized as such. 3',5'-cAMP/cGMP is generated by adenylate cyclases (ACs) or guanylate cyclases (GCs) from ATP or GTP, respectively, whereas 2',3'-cAMP/cGMP is produced through the hydrolysis of double-stranded DNA or RNA by synthetases. Recent evidence suggests that the cyclic nucleotide generating and inactivating enzymes moonlight in proteins with diverse domain architecture operating as molecular tuners to enable dynamic and compartmentalized regulation of cellular signals.

Predicting vitamin D deficiency using optimized random forest classifier.

Background: Vitamin D can be acquired from various dietary sources, but exposure to sunlight's ultraviolet rays can convert a natural compound called ergosterol present in the skin into vitamin D.

Aim: The current study aimed to investigate vital parameters and use an optimized random forest (OptRF) classifier to understand better and predict the effect of environmental and nutritional factors of Vitamin D deficiency.

Methods: A predictive, cross-sectional, and correlational design was utilized in a study involving 350 male and female Tabuk citizens in Saudi Arabia.

Tracing vitamins on the long non-coding lane of the transcriptome: vitamin regulation of LncRNAs.

A major revelation of genome-scale biological studies in the post-genomic era has been that two-thirds of human genes do not encode proteins. The majority of non-coding RNA transcripts in humans are long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecules, non-protein-coding regulatory transcripts with sizes greater than 500 nucleotides. LncRNAs are involved in nearly every aspect of cellular physiology, playing fundamental regulatory roles both in normal cells and in disease.

Role of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in regulation of autophagy and nuclear factor-kappa Beta (NF-ĸβ) pathways in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major global health problem with high incidence and mortality. Diagnosis of HCC at late stages and tumour heterogeneity in patients with different genetic profiles are known factors that complicate the disease treatment. HCC therapy becomes even more challenging in patients with drug resistance such as resistance to sorafenib, which is a common drug used in HCC patients.

Towards a green and just industry? Insights from traditional leather districts in Southern Italy.

Artisanal processes are crucial for examining major economic development, industrial, and historical forces. Among the different industries, fashion is regarded as one of the most polluting business activities. The indication of origin "Made in Italy" has found extensive scholarly economic appetite; however, the leather sector in its socioeconomic and environmental components has been scarcely investigated.

First report on chemometrics-driven multilayered lead prioritization in addressing oxysterol-mediated overexpression of G protein-coupled receptor 183.

Contemporary research has convincingly demonstrated that upregulation of G protein-coupled receptor 183 (GPR183), orchestrated by its endogenous agonist, 7α,25-dihydroxyxcholesterol (7α,25-OHC), leads to the development of cancer, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, infectious, and inflammatory diseases. A recent study unveiled the cryo-EM structure of 7α,25-OHC bound GPR183 complex, presenting an untapped opportunity for computational exploration of potential GPR183 inhibitors, which served as our inspiration for the current work. A predictive and validated two-dimensional QSAR model using genetic algorithm (GA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) on experimental GPR183 inhibition data was developed.

A single 24 h maternal separation at PND 9 promotes behavioral resilience of female C57BL/6J mice and the possible role of hippocampal Homer1a.

Early life stress (ELS) has been thought to increase vulnerability to developing psychiatric disorders later in life, while some researchers have found that adversity early in life may promote stress resilience. Studies investigating the resilient effect of maternal separation (MS) are still relatively few, and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In the current study, the effect of a single 24 h MS paradigm at postnatal day 9 (PND 9) in female C57BL/6J mice was investigated by assessing behavioral performance in middle adolescence.

Urbanization influences the indoor transfer of airborne antibiotic resistance genes, which has a seasonally dependent pattern.

Over the last few years, the cumulative use of antibiotics in healthcare institutions, as well as the rearing of livestock and poultry, has resulted in the accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This presents a substantial danger to human health worldwide. The characteristics of airborne ARGs, especially those transferred from outdoors to indoors, remains largely unexplored in neighborhoods, even though a majority of human population spends most of their time there.

Blood cell image segmentation and classification: a systematic review.

Background: Blood diseases such as leukemia, anemia, lymphoma, and thalassemia are hematological disorders that relate to abnormalities in the morphology and concentration of blood elements, specifically white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC). Accurate and efficient diagnosis of these conditions significantly depends on the expertise of hematologists and pathologists. To assist the pathologist in the diagnostic process, there has been growing interest in utilizing computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) techniques, particularly those using medical image processing and machine learning algorithms.

Sentiment analysis of the COVID-19 vaccine perception.

The sharp rise in coronavirus cases in the United States, as well as other countries, is driven by variants such as the Omicron substrain, BA4 and BA5. Keeping up to date with COVID-19 vaccination and wearing masks are essential tools for mitigating the pandemic. Social media plays a vital role in sharing and exchanging information, but it also affects perceptions of social phenomena.

Green synthesis of tellurium-doped SnO nanoparticles with sulfurized g-C N : Insights into methylene blue photodegradation and antibacterial capability.

The construction of SnO nanoparticles (NPs), specifically Te-doped SnO NPs, using a simple and economical co-precipitation technique has been thoroughly described in this work. NH served as the reducing agent in this procedure, whilst polyethylene glycol served as the capping agent. The primary goals of our work were to investigate the physicochemical properties of the synthesized SnO NPs and assess their potential use as antibacterial agents and photocatalysts.

Protracted molecular dynamics and secondary structure introspection to identify dual-target inhibitors of Nipah virus exerting approved small molecules repurposing.

Nipah virus (NiV), with its significantly higher mortality rate compared to COVID-19, presents a looming threat as a potential next pandemic, particularly if constant mutations of NiV increase its transmissibility and transmission. Considering the importance of preventing the facilitation of the virus entry into host cells averting the process of assembly forming the viral envelope, and encapsulating the nucleocapsid, it is crucial to take the Nipah attachment glycoprotein-human ephrin-B2 and matrix protein as dual targets. Repurposing approved small molecules in drug development is a strategic choice, as it leverages molecules with known safety profiles, accelerating the path to finding effective treatments against NiV.

Empathy with nature promotes pro-environmental attitudes in preschool children.

This study aimed to explore whether empathy with nature (i.e., the tendency to understand and share the emotional experience of the natural world) contributes to pro-environmental attitudes in early childhood.

Climate change and geopolitical conflicts: The role of ESG readiness.

This study examines the relationship between climate change vulnerability and geopolitical risk using data on 42 countries from 1995 to 2021. Utilising two distinct indices, the climate vulnerability index (CVI) and the country-specific geopolitical risk (CGPR) indices, we find that countries with high vulnerability to climate change are more likely to experience geopolitical conflicts. Further analysis reveals that country-level overall economic, social, and governance (ESG) readiness significantly mitigates this detrimental effect.

Development of stable S-scheme 2D-2D g-CN/CdS nanoheterojunction arrays for enhanced visible light photomineralisation of nitrophenol priority water pollutants.

The investigation focused on creating and studying a new 2D-2D S-scheme CdS/g-CN heterojunction photocatalyst. Various techniques examined its structure, composition, and optical properties. This included XRD, XPS, EDS, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, DRS, and PL.

Tailoring of an anti-diabetic drug empagliflozin onto zinc oxide nanoparticles: characterization and in vitro evaluation of anti-hyperglycemic potential.

Diabetes is a serious health issue that can be a great risk factor related to numerous physical problems. A class of drugs "Gliflozin" especially Sodium Glucose Co. Transporter 2 was inhibited by a novel drug, which is known as "empagliflozin".

Why more successful? An analysis of participants' self-monitoring data in an online weight loss intervention.

Background: Self-monitoring is crucial for behavioral weight loss. However, few studies have examined the role of self-monitoring using mixed methods, which may hinder our understanding of its impact.

Methods: This study examined self-monitoring data from 61 Chinese adults who participated in a 5-week online group intervention for weight loss.

The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Academic Achievement is Mediated and Moderated by Executive Functions.

Executive function is an underlying mechanism linking family socioeconomic status (SES) and academic achievement. Previous studies mainly investigated either the mediating or moderating role of executive function within this relationship, which either overlook the individual differences that are independent of the environment or neglect the influence of the environment on shaping personal factors. To avoid a piecemeal approach to theory, the current study aimed to test the mediating and moderating roles of executive function in a single analytic model.

Schizophrenia: Communication Disorders and Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist.

Purpose: This clinical focus article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of schizophrenia and understanding of communication disorders resulting from its psychopathology. Schizophrenia is a spectrum disorder with varying levels of symptom expression. It is characterized by positive and negative symptoms that can cause communication disorders of different severity levels.

For whom the bell tolls. A spatial analysis of the renewable energy transition determinants in Europe in light of the Russia-Ukraine war.

The ongoing invasion of Russia of Ukraine and energy crises have sparked concern about economic and geopolitical stability all over the world. In Europe, the war has destabilized and endangered the energy cooperation and transition between European countries within and outside of the EU. This emergency has shown once more the importance of energy resilience policies to offset the vulnerability of energy systems and energy insecurity at the national and regional levels.

Female long-term sperm storage results in viable offspring in the Himalayan Mountain Pitviper, Ovophis monticola.

The ability of females to store sperm for extended periods in their reproductive tracts (termed long-term sperm storage, LTSS) has been reported across a diversity of vertebrate taxa. The evolutionary, ecological, and physiological significance of LTSS is wide-ranging and includes the ability to produce offspring when mates may be temporally scarce by way of decoupling copulation from ovulation, inbreeding avoidance, and the generation and maintenance of genetic diversity in progeny. Among vertebrate lineages, nonavian reptiles exhibit a remarkable capacity for LTSS, with the production of viable offspring reported after periods exceeding 6 years since prior contact with a potential mate.