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21 results match your criteria: "Kazan Federal UniversityKazan[Affiliation]"
Front Neuroanat
September 2017
Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, United States.
In this study, the neuroanatomy of the swine lumbar spinal cord, particularly the spatial orientation of dorsal roots was correlated to the anatomical landmarks of the lumbar spine and to the magnitude of motor evoked potentials during epidural electrical stimulation (EES). We found that the proximity of the stimulating electrode to the dorsal roots entry zone across spinal segments was a critical factor to evoke higher peak-to-peak motor responses. Positioning the electrode close to the dorsal roots produced a significantly higher impact on motor evoked responses than rostro-caudal shift of electrode from segment to segment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
September 2017
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia.
Many ribonucleases (RNases) are considered as promising tools for antitumor therapy because of their selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. Binase, the RNase from , triggers apoptotic response in cancer cells expressing oncogene which is mutated in a large percentage of prevalent and deadly malignancies including colorectal cancer. The specific antitumor effect of binase toward RAS-transformed cells is due to its direct binding of RAS protein and inhibition of downstream signaling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
September 2017
OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia.
At present there is no effective treatment of pathologies associated with the death of neurons and glial cells which take place as a result of physical trauma or ischemic lesions of the nervous system. Thus, researchers have high hopes for a treatment based on the use of stem cells (SC), which are potentially able to replace dead cells and synthesize neurotrophic factors and other molecules that stimulate neuroregeneration. We are often faced with ethical issues when selecting a source of SC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
September 2017
Department of Surgery and Oncology, Regional Clinical Cancer CenterKazan, Russia.
Current studies of human gut microbiome usually do not consider the special functional role of transient microbiota, although some of its members remain in the host for a long time and produce broad spectrum of biologically active substances. Getting into the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) with food, water and probiotic preparations, two representatives of class, genera and , colonize epithelium blurring the boundaries between resident and transient microbiota. Despite their minor proportion in the microbiome composition, these bacteria can significantly affect both the intestinal microbiota and the entire body thanks to a wide range of secreted compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
August 2017
Department of Genetics, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia.
Immune mechanisms recently emerged as important contributors to migraine pathology with cytokines affecting neuronal excitation. Therefore, elucidating the profile of cytokines activated in various forms of migraine, including those with a known genetic cause, can help in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Here we (i) performed exome sequencing to identify the causal gene mutation and (ii) measured, using Bio-Plex technology, 22 cytokines in serum of patients with familial migraine (two with hemiplegic migraine and two with migraine with aura) from a Russian family that ethnically belongs to the Tatar population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
August 2017
Laboratory for Animal Molecular Virology, Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-HyacintheQC, Canada.
is one of the most important infectious agents among neonates. This pathogen has a potential to develop an increased antimicrobial resistance and virulence. The classic non-virulent strain of , producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), is associated with nosocomial infection mainly in preterm neonates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
July 2017
Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia.
Hydrogen sulfide (HS), a well-established member of the gasotransmitter family, is involved in a variety of physiological functions, including pro-nociceptive action in the sensory system. Although several reports have shown that HS activates sensory neurons, the molecular targets of HS action in trigeminal (TG) nociception, implicated in migraine, remains controversial. In this study, using suction electrode recordings, we investigate the effect of the HS donor, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), on nociceptive firing in rat meningeal TG nerve fibers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
July 2017
Department of Physiology and General Pathology, Medical Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow, Russia.
Preconditioning of the brain induces tolerance to the damaging effects of ischemia and prevents cell death in ischemic penumbra. The development of this phenomenon is mediated by mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium ([Formula: see text]) channels and nitric oxide signaling (NO). The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of molecular changes in mitochondria after ischemic preconditioning (IP) and the effect of pharmacological preconditioning (PhP) with the [Formula: see text]-channels opener diazoxide on NO levels after ischemic stroke in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring development, hippocampal CA3 network generates recurrent population bursts, so-called Giant Depolarizing Potentials (GDPs). GDPs are characterized by synchronous depolarization and firing of CA3 pyramidal cells followed by afterhyperpolarization (GDP-AHP). Here, we explored the properties of GDP-AHP in CA3 pyramidal cells using gramicidin perforated patch clamp recordings from neonatal rat hippocampal slices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
May 2017
Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of GöttingenGöttingen, Germany.
Although biogeochemical models designed to simulate carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics in high-latitude ecosystems incorporate extracellular parameters, molecular and biochemical adaptations of microorganisms to freezing remain unclear. This knowledge gap hampers estimations of the C balance and ecosystem feedback in high-latitude regions. To analyze microbial metabolism at subzero temperatures, soils were incubated with isotopomers of position-specifically C-labeled glucose at three temperatures: +5 (control), -5, and -20°C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
May 2017
A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland.
Genetic variants of the glutamate activated N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2A are associated with the hyperexcitable states manifested by epileptic seizures and interictal discharges in patients with disorders of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum (EAS). The variants found in sporadic cases and families are of different types and include microdeletions encompassing the corresponding gene as well as nonsense, splice-site and missense defects. They are located at different functional domains of GluN2A and no clear genotype-phenotype correlation has emerged yet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
December 2016
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia.
Gastroduodenitis caused by , often acquired in early childhood, is found in about 50% of the adult population. Although infections can remain asymptomatic, its virulence factors usually trigger epithelial vacuolization and degeneration, loss of microvilli, disintegration of cytoplasm, and leukocyte accumulation. It is believed that leukocyte infiltration is driven by cytokines produced locally in infected tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
November 2016
Laboratory of Comparative Neurophysiology, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
Homocysteine (HCY) is an endogenous redox active amino acid, best known as contributor to various neurodegenerative disorders. Although it is known that HCY can activate NMDA receptors (NMDARs), the mechanisms of its action on receptors composed of different NMDA receptor subunits remains almost unknown. In this study, using imaging and patch clamp technique in cultured cortical neurons and heterologous expression in HEK293T cells we tested the agonist activity of HCY on NMDARs composed of GluN1 and GluN2A subunits (GluN1/2A receptors) and GluN1 and GluN2B subunits (GluN1/2B receptors).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Mol Neurosci
September 2016
Sprengel Research Group, Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Medical ResearchHeidelberg, Germany; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg, Germany.
The causal interrogation of neuronal networks involved in specific behaviors requires the spatially and temporally controlled modulation of neuronal activity. For long-term manipulation of neuronal activity, chemogenetic tools provide a reasonable alternative to short-term optogenetic approaches. Here we show that virus mediated gene transfer of the ivermectin (IVM) activated glycine receptor mutant GlyRα1 (AG) can be used for the selective and reversible silencing of specific neuronal networks in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
August 2016
Nevada Center for Biomedical ResearchReno, NV, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of NevadaReno, NV, USA.
Hantavirus infection is associated with two frequently fatal diseases in humans: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The pathogenesis of hantavirus infection is complex and not fully understood; however, it is believed to involve virus-induced hyperinflammatory immune responses. Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) is a large homotrimeric protein that plays a putative role in regulating blood homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
February 2016
Department of Microbiology, University of Silesia in Katowice Katowice, Poland.
Environmental pollution by heavy metals has become a serious problem in the world. Phytoextraction, which is one of the plant-based technologies, has attracted the most attention for the bioremediation of soils polluted with these contaminants. The aim of this study was to determine whether the multiple-tolerant bacterium, Brevibacterium casei MH8a isolated from the heavy metal-contaminated rhizosphere soil of Sinapis alba L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
February 2016
OpenLab of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany.
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are important mediators of excitatory synaptic transmission and plasticity. A hallmark of these channels is their high permeability to Ca(2+). At the same time, they are themselves inhibited by the elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
February 2016
OpenLab of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany.
Activity induced long lasting modifications of synaptic efficacy have been extensively studied in excitatory synapses, however, long term plasticity is also a property of inhibitory synapses. Inhibitory neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region can be subdivided according to the compartment they target on the pyramidal cell. Some interneurons preferentially innervate the perisomatic area and axon hillock of the pyramidal cells while others preferentially target dendritic branches and spines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neural Circuits
October 2016
Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany.
During development, sensory systems switch from an immature to an adult mode of function along with the emergence of the active cortical states. Here, we used patch-clamp recordings from neocortical slices in vitro to characterize the developmental changes in the basic electrophysiological properties of excitatory L4 neurons and their connectivity before and after the developmental switch, which occurs in the rat barrel cortex in vivo at postnatal day P8. Prior to the switch, L4 neurons had higher resting membrane potentials, higher input resistance, lower membrane capacity, as well as action potentials (APs) with smaller amplitudes, longer durations and higher AP thresholds compared to the neurons after the switch.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
February 2016
Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany; OpenLab of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany.
All cortical neurons are engaged in inhibitory feedback loops which ensure excitation-inhibition balance and are key elements for the development of coherent network activity. The resulting network patterns are strongly dependent on the strength and dynamic properties of these excitatory-inhibitory loops which show pronounced regional and developmental diversity. Therefore we compared the properties and postnatal maturation of two different synapses between rat neocortical pyramidal cells (layer 2/3 and layer 5, respectively) and fast spiking (FS) interneurons in the corresponding layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neuroanat
January 2016
Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U-901Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR 901Marseille, France.