The VEntriculostomy-Related Infection Score: An Antibiotic Stewardship Tool in Ventriculostomy-Related Infections.

Background And Objectives: Diagnosing ventriculostomy-related infection (VRI), a common complication after external ventricular drainage (EVD), is challenging and often associated with delayed initiation of antibiotic therapy. We aimed to develop a stewardship score to help in the decision of antibiotic therapy initiation when VRI is suspected.

Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort study included patients admitted to the intensive care unit after EVD placement who were suspected of having healthcare-associated ventriculitis and/or meningitis between January 1, 2012, and August 31, 2022.

Genetically Proxied Therapeutic Effect of Lipid-Lowering Drugs Use, Breast Cancer, and Endometrial Cancer's Risk: A Drug Target-Based Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Observational studies have investigated the association between lipid-lowering drugs and breast cancer (BC) and endometrial cancer (EC), but some controversy remains.

Objective: This paper aims to explore the causal relationship between genetic proxies for lipid-lowering drugs and breast and endometrial cancers using drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: Analyses were mainly performed using inverse variance weighted (IVW), heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests, and sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness of the results and causal relationship.

The drug risks of cilostazol: A pharmacovigilance study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database.

Objective: Cilostazol is indicated for alleviating intermittent claudication (IC) in stable-phase peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients. Conducting data mining on adverse events (AEs) of cilostazol in the U.S.

Exploring the molecular profile of localized colon cancer: insights from the AIO Colopredict Plus registry.

Introduction: Understanding the mutational landscape of colon cancer (CC) is crucial for targeted therapy development. Microsatellite instability (MSI-H), rat sarcoma (RAS), and B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) mutations (MT) are pivotal markers. Further investigation into clinicopathological features of RAS and BRAF MT in microsatellite stable (MSS) and MSI-H tumors is warranted.

Co-inhibition of PGF and VEGFA enhances the effectiveness of immunotherapy in bladder cancer.

Anti-angiogenic inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade combination therapy offers a novel approach to circumvent the challenges associated with limited responsiveness to checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer. However, the effective strategies for inhibiting angiogenesis in bladder cancer need further elucidation. This work aims to identify key targets for the effective inhibition of angiogenesis in bladder cancer and to explore the potential benefits of combining anti-angiogenic therapies with immune checkpoint blockade strategies in the treatment of this disease.

Peripartum Depression: What's New?

Purpose Of The Review: Peripartum depression (PPD), including both depression during pregnancy and postpartum, is the most frequent health disorder during the perinatal period. It is a significant public health issue in many countries due to its prevalence and its impact on women, as well as on their partners and offspring. Here, we will attempt to untangle the most recent studies and publications, considering what it is essential to know in 2024 about PPD as a specific perinatal issue.

Driving restrictions in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: who, how and are they effective?

https://bit.ly/3zzQUEN.

The collaborative and professional boundary challenges from a bottom-up perspective: an insider action research study on a hospital ward.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify and describe the collaborative and professional boundary challenges at a hospital ward from a bottom-up perspective.

Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted as a bottom-up improvement project at a hospital ward in western Sweden. An insider action research (IAR) approach was used during the project.

The indirect costs of five cancers in Egypt: years of life lost and productivity costs.

Background: In Egypt, there were 150,578 new cancer cases and 95,275 cancer deaths in 2022, indicating a substantial burden on patients and the healthcare system. The analysis aims to support decision-making related to investments in cancer prevention and new treatments, by highlighting the economic burden associated with five types of cancer.

Methods: The human capital approach was used to estimate productivity losses from premature mortality due to liver, lung, breast, bladder, and cervical cancer in Egypt in 2019 by calculating years of life lost (YLL), years of productive life lost (YPLL), and present value of future lost productivity (PVFLP).

Serum miR-155-5p assists the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of low-dose spiral CT imaging in early lung cancer.

Background: Low-dose spiral CT imaging has been employed for cancer diagnosis, but its sensitivity and specificity were unsatisfactory. MicroRNAs have been considered an approach for screening cancers, and the function of miR-155-5p in lung cancer has been previously revealed.

Objectives: This study assessed the diagnostic value of combining low-dose spiral CT with serum miR-155-5p in lung cancer aiming to explore a novel strategy to assist the clinical cancer diagnosis.

Long-Term Symptoms in Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Cervical Adenitis Syndrome after Tonsillectomy.

Objective: To investigate the initial and long-term clinical course of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome after tonsillectomy regarding fever episodes and nonfebrile PFAPA-related symptoms.

Study Design: An observational cohort study with retrospective and cross-sectional data based on 86 of 101 patients who underwent tonsillectomy for PFAPA between January 2006 and March 2020 from a cohort of 336 patients diagnosed with PFAPA as children. Data were collected by structured telephone interviews and review of medical records.

Cost-effectiveness of a randomized controlled trial comparing low-dose aspirin to placebo for the prevention of recurrent preterm birth.

To assess the cost-effectiveness of low-dose aspirin compared to placebo for the prevention of recurrent preterm birth from a healthcare perspective. This was a cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. We included women with a singleton pregnancy and a previous spontaneous preterm birth <37 weeks of gestation of a singleton.

Defining quality categories for evaluation of the doctor-patient relationship assessed through the patient-doctor relationship questionnaire (PDRQ-9).

Background: The quality of the doctor-patient relationship plays a crucial role in patients' experiences with healthcare services, positively influencing clinical outcomes and satisfaction with care. The Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9) is widely used to assess this relationship. However, there are no quality categories that can be derived from the instrument's score to facilitate understanding and decision-making.

Characteristics of Patients with Anaphylaxis to European Hornet (Vespa crabro) Venom Compared to Anaphylaxis to Wasp (Vespula spp.) Venom in Southern Germany.

Introduction: Systemic hypersensitivity to hymenoptera species venom is the most common cause for anaphylaxis in adults. Due to similarities between hornet (Vespa crabro) and wasp (Vespula spp.) venom, patients with hornet venom anaphylaxis are often treated similarly to wasp-allergic patients.

Top-down infliximab plus azathioprine versus azathioprine alone in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis responsive to intravenous steroids: a parallel, open-label randomised controlled trial, the ACTIVE trial.

Background: It is unknown which maintenance therapy is the most effective option for patients admitted for an acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) episode responding to intravenous steroids.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre, parallel-group, open-label randomised controlled trial among 23 French centres in thiopurine and biologics-naïve adults admitted for ASUC responding to intravenous steroids. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive infliximab (IFX) and azathioprine (AZA) with a 7-day steroid tapering scheme (IFX+AZA arm) or AZA and conventional standardised steroid tapering regimen (AZA arm).

Exploring the Target Genes of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate in Treating Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on the Integration of Bioinformatics Analysis, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification.

Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS), extracted from sea cucumbers' body walls, has been found to inhibit the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. However, there have been few studies of the associated drug targets. This study combined bioinformatics analysis and molecular docking to screen the main targets of FCS intervention in LUAD.

The long-term results of treating radial neck fractures in children with the Metaizeau technique.

Purpose: Radial neck fractures in children are rare, representing less than 1% of all pediatric fractures. While conservative treatments are often sufficient, displaced fractures may require closed or open reduction. The Metaizeau technique is widely accepted for closed reduction and internal fixation.

Prone position in obese patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardio-thoracic surgery.

Objectives: Prone positioning (PP) has benefits in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The objective of this study was to compare the effects and complications of PP in obese versus non-obese patients with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiothoracic surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed a database established in 2014-2021 in an intensive care unit.

Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Refractory Graves Orbitopathy From Real-World Clinical Practice: An Observational Study.

Context: The efficacy of tocilizumab (TCZ) in treating Graves orbitopathy (GO) remains uncertain due to the small sample sizes of earlier studies, and there is a lack of research on the drug for juvenile GO.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of TCZ in treating GO that is resistant to conventional therapy.

Design: This observational study at a tertiary care center included 79 Chinese GO patients, 15 of whom were pediatric patients, with 52 of these patients having moderate to severe active GO (all adult patients having steroid-resistant GO).