Role of serostatus in pediatric neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A nationwide multicentric study.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are immune-mediated inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) mostly presenting as optic neuritis and acute myelitis. NMOSD can be associated with seropositivity for aquaporin 4 antibody (AQP4 IgG), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG IgG), or can be seronegative for both. In this study, we retrospectively examined our seropositive and seronegative pediatric NMOSD patients.

Impact of Scoliosis Severity on Gastrostomy-Related Complications in Children.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between scoliosis and risk of developing complications in patients who underwent gastrostomy.

Methods: Patients who underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or surgical gastrostomy (SG) between 2012 and 2022 were included. Leakage, discharge, granuloma, and hyperemia were considered minor complications, while visceral injury, ileus, and re-do surgery were considered major complications.

Ultrasound guided versus blinded injection in trigger finger treatment: a prospective controlled study.

Background: Trigger finger is a common disease with a lifetime prevalence of 2%. One of the frequently preferred non-surgical treatments is blinded injection around the A1 pulley. This study aims to compare the clinical results of ultrasound-guided and blinded corticosteroid injection in the trigger finger.

Which Jobs are Unlucky against the Biologic and the Economic Risks Caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic?

Context: Beyond the biological impact of the pandemic in working life, socioeconomic consequences is also important for workers. This study aimed to investigate both biologic and economic impacts of the pandemic.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a structured questionnaire were applied by telephone to 233 workers who were diagnosed with coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) at hospital.

Exploring the Unmet Supportive Care Needs of Breast Cancer Survivors Experiencing Psychological Distress: Qualitative Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the unmet supportive care needs of breast cancer survivors who experience psychological distress.

Data Sources: A qualitative study design with inductive content analysis was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 Turkish breast cancer survivors who experienced psychological distress.

Reparative, Neuroprotective and Anti-neurodegenerative Effects of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury Model.

Objective: This animal model aimed to compare the rat group that received brain irradiation and did not receive additional treatment (only saline) and the rat group that underwent brain irradiation and received Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment. In addition, the effects of G-CSF on brain functions were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and histopathologically.

Methods: This study used 24 female Wistar albino rats.

Social Cognition in Opioid Use Disorder.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is associated with significant functional impairment and neurocognitive dysfunction, but only a handful of studies have investigated social cognitive abilities in this condition. This study aimed to investigate facial emotion recognition accuracy/biases and two different aspects of theory of mind (ToM) (ToM-decoding vs ToM-reasoning) in people with recovered OUD. The participants included 32 people with recovered OUD who were on Buprenorphine + Naloxone (B/N) maintenance treatment and 32 healthy controls.

Variability of the optic nerve sheath diameter on brain computed tomography in Turkish children based on sex and age.

Background: Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is a noninvasive method that can be used for intracranial pressure monitoring. Several studies have investigated normal ONSD values in children, but no general consensus has been reached yet.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to reveal normal ONSD, eyeball transverse diameter (ETD), and ONSD/ETD values on brain computed tomography (CT) in healthy children aged 1 month to 18 years.

Abnormal Structural Network Communication Reflects Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia has long been thought to be a disconnection syndrome and several previous studies have reported widespread abnormalities in white matter tracts in individuals with schizophrenia. Furthermore, reductions in structural connectivity may also impair communication between anatomically unconnected pairs of brain regions, potentially impacting global signal traffic in the brain. Therefore, we used different communication models to examine direct and indirect structural connections (polysynaptic) communication in large-scale brain networks in schizophrenia.

Correlation of brain segmental volume changes with clinical parameters: a longitudinal study in multiple sclerosis patients.

Objective: To measure the cranial volume differences from 15 different parts in the follow-up of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and correlate them with clinical parameters.

Methods: Forty-seven patients with RRMS were included in the study. Patients were grouped into two categories; low Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) (< 3; group 1), and moderate-high EDSS (≥ 3; group 2).

COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology centers in Turkey.

Background/aim: There is limited data on COVID-19 disease in children with kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology patients in Turkey.

Materials And Methods: This was a national, multicenter, retrospective cohort study based on an online survey evaluating the data between 11 March 2020 and 11 March 2021 as an initial step of a detailed pediatric nephrology COVID-19 registry.

Differentiating abdominal pain due to COVID-19 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome from children with acute appendicitis: a score system.

Purpose: Differentiating abdominal pain due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children with acute appendicitis (AA) can cause diagnostic dilemmas. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a previously described scoring system and improve its diagnostic ability in differentiating between these diseases.

Methods: This study was conducted between March 2020 and January 2022.

Influence of a hyaluronan-binding system for sperm selection in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles on embryo morphokinetic parameters and in vitro fertilization cycle outcomes.

Purpose: Although the impact of the paternal contribution to embryo quality and blastocyst formation is a well-known phenomenon, the current literature provides insufficient evidence that hyaluronan-binding sperm selection methods improve assisted reproductive treatment outcomes. Thus, we compared the cycle outcomes of morphologically selected intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with hyaluronan binding physiological intracytoplasmic sperm injection (PICSI) cycles.

Methods: A total of 2415 ICSI and 400 PICSI procedures of 1630 patients who underwent in vitro fertilization cycles using a time-lapse monitoring system between 2014 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.

Diagnostic Efficacy of Ultrasonography, Doppler Ultrasonography and Elastography in the Evaluation of Suspected Malignant Lymph Nodes.

Aim: In this prospective study, the efficiency of imaging findings was investigated by comparing the histopathological results of lymph nodes with Doppler and ultrasound features and elasticity scores.

Material And Method: A total of 100 cervical or axillary lymph nodes with a suspected malignancy or whose size did not decrease after treatment were examined. In addition to the demographic data of the patients, B-mode ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound, and elastography features of the lymph nodes were evaluated prospectively.

Stress fracture of the manubrium sterni during parallel bar dips.

Objective: Stress fractures are common in highly active people, such as athletes or those in the military. They occur frequently in the lower extremities but sternal stress fractures are rare injuries.

Methods: We present a case of a young male who reported no pain and a 'click' sound from the front of the chest while training with parallel bar dips with a grip that was wider than shoulder-width apart.

Evaluation of the coexistence of pilonidal sinus disease and hirsutism in female patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to investigate the coexistence of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) and hirsutism in female patients.

Materials And Methods: The demographic and clinical data of 164 female patients who underwent surgery for PSD between January 2007 and May 2014 were evaluated for this retrospective cross-sectional study. Data collected for this study were age, BMI, the modified Ferriman and Gallwey scale (mFGS) for hirsutism, main symptoms, type of surgery, early postoperative complications (wound infection, wound dehiscence), recurrence, and follow-up.

Evaluation of Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus and Nonconvulsive Seizures in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

We aimed to identify nonconvulsive seizures (NCS) and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). A prospective cohort study on 35 patients who underwent continuous electroencephalographic monitoring in the PICU was done. The patients were evaluated to collect data of their demographics, clinical diagnoses, clinical seizures by electroencephalography, and neuroimaging findings.

Reduced sensitivity but intact motivation to monetary rewards and reversal learning in obesity.

Background: Obesity has been linked to altered reward processing but little is known about which components of reward processing including motivation, sensitivity and learning are impaired in obesity. We examined whether obesity compared to healthy weight controls is associated with differences in distinct subdomains of reward processing. To this end, we used two established paradigms, namely the Effort Expenditure for Rewards task (EEfRT) and the Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task (PRLT).

Feasibility of using a dual isocentre technique for treating cervical cancer on the 1.5 T MR-Linac.

Patients treated for cervical cancer exhibit large inter and intra-fraction anatomical changes. The Unity MR-Linac (MRL) can image these patients with MR prior to and during treatment which enables daily plan adaptation. However, the MRL has a limited treatment field in the sup/inf direction of 22 cm which can restrict the treatment of patients who require longer treatment fields.

In vitro effect of relaxin in the rat corpus cavernosum under hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions.

Relaxin, an endogenous peptide hormone, elicits vascular relaxation by its direct effect or by modulating the endothelium-dependent relaxation response and is clinically evaluated for the treatment of coronary artery disease. However, its effect on penile tissue has not been explored yet. This study aimed to investigate the effect of serelaxin, recombinant human relaxin-2, on rat corpus cavernosum (CC) under healthy and hyperglycemic conditions.

Effects of Diclofenac Sodium on Seizure Activity in Rats with Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Convulsions.

Epilepsy is a disease which affects between 1 and 2% of the population, and a large proportion of these people do not react to currently available anticonvulsant medications, indicating the need for further research into novel pharmacological therapies. Numerous studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress and inflammation occur during epilepsy and may contribute to its development and progression, indicating higher levels of oxidative and inflammatory parameters in experimental models and clinical patients. This research aimed to assess the impact of diclofenac sodium, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicine, on seizure and levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in a rat model of epilepsy triggered by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ).

The role of collagen type I/III ratio in the etiology of sacrococcygeal pilonidal.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there was a difference between the midline skin and the healthy skin in the lateral by means of total amount of collagen and Type I/III ratio which was the indicator of the collagen structure.

Material And Methods: Fifty patients with pilonidal sinus disease were enrolled. Samples were prepared from the midline skin of the sinus where the holes were located and lateral skin of the resected material.