Periodontal Lesions among Maxillary Sinus Mucosal Thickening Visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Maxillary sinus due to its proximity to posterior maxillary teeth could be affected by their pathology. Since cone beam computed tomography is the go-to for 3-D imaging in dental set-up. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of periodontal lesions among maxillary sinus mucosal thickening visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of a tertiary care centre.

Cardiac amyloidosis and aortic stenosis: a state-of-the-art review.

Cardiac amyloidosis is caused by the extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in the heart, involving not only the myocardium but also any cardiovascular structure. Indeed, this progressive infiltrative disease also involves the cardiac valves and, specifically, shows a high prevalence with aortic stenosis. Misfolded protein infiltration in the aortic valve leads to tissue damage resulting in the onset or worsening of valve stenosis.

Genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Circulating during Second and Third Wave of COVID-19 in Nepal.

Background: In Nepal, since the first detection of COVID-19 case in January 2020, the total cases have rose to almost a million with more than 12,000 deaths. Till now, WHO has classified 5 variants of SARS-Cov2 as variant of concerns at different time points causing many waves in different countries and regions at different time points. Nepal had also faced three distinct waves of COVID-19 caused by different variant of COVID 19.

Awareness of Cervical Cancer, Risk Perception, and Practice of Pap Smear Test among Young Adult Women of Dhulikhel Municipality, Nepal.

Background: Despite being one of the most preventable forms of cancer, cervical cancer remains an important public health problem, especially in developing countries. However, there is limited evidence regarding awareness and practice of screening for cervical cancer among women in resource-poor settings like Nepal. This study is aimed at assessing the awareness of cervical cancer, risk perception, and practice of Pap smear tests among adult women of Dhulikhel municipality of Kavreplanchowk district in Nepal.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Nepali Version of Quantitative Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (qADAM) Questionnaire in Diabetic Patients.

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder with hyperglycemia that affects multiple systems with hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction some common issues affecting their quality sexual life. Quantitative androgen deficiency in aging males (qADAM) questionnaire is a trusted tool to assess hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction among diabetic patients and has been commonly used in Nepal too. However, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of its Nepali version are yet to be tested.

Salmonella meningitis, an unusual complication of salmonella species: a case report from Nepal.

Unlabelled: Salmonella meningitis, caused by a Gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, is an uncommon but serious complication of Salmonella infection that can result in high mortality rates, significant neurological damage, and a high relapse rate, and has become a leading cause of Gram-negative bacterial meningitis in the developing world.

Case Presentation: A 16-year-old boy presented with high-grade fever and altered sensorium for 2 days associated with vomiting, headache, and photophobia.

Case Discussion: After invading the abdominal barrier, Salmonella can enter bloodstream and rarely present with meningitis.

Nontraumatic spontaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhage in a young patient: a rare case report.

Unlabelled: Spontaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhage is a rare surgical occurrence, especially in young populations with poor prognosis. Hypertension is the leading cause but vascular malformations, infections and rare genetic conditions are also responsible.

Case Presentation: Twenty-three-year-old male with no prior comorbidities presented to emergency with sudden onset loss of consciousness and 1 episode of seizure.

Herpes simplex encephalitis in a patient abusing morphine: a case report from Nepal.

Unlabelled: Herpes simplex encephalitis results from either primary infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV) or reactivation of latent HSV residing within the nuclei of sensory neurons. Opioid's administration is known to reactivate HSV infection.

Case Presentation: We report a 46-year-old male who was in a rehabilitation center for 17 days for abusing morphine for 2 years.

Oral Health Care Practice and Circumstances during Covid-19 among Dental Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Background Patients are hesitant to enter a dental hospital because of the significant danger of cross infection and illness transmission due to rapid spread of corona virus. Objective To assess knowledge regarding Covid-19, oral health practices and circumstances on dental treatment during a pandemic. Method Cross sectional study was conducted among patients visiting dental department of Dhulikhel hospital from September to October 2020.

Sinistroposition: A case report on incidental finding of left sided gall bladder on laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Introduction And Importance: Left-sided gall bladder, a rare biliary abnormality with an incidence of 0.04-0.3%, is characterized by the presence of the gall bladder to the left of the ligamentum teres.

Adverse events following immunization with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBIBP-CorV vaccine: A comparative study among healthcare professionals of Nepal.

Background: Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) against SARS-CoV-2 are common as reported by clinical trials and contemporary evidence. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the local and systemic adverse events following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBIBP-CorV among the healthcare professionals (HCPs) of Nepal.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 606 vaccinated HCPs of Kathmandu, Nepal.

Diabetes Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Women in a Rural District of Nepal Using HbA1c as a Diagnostic Tool: A Population-Based Study.

Given the scarcity of data on diabetes prevalence and associated risk factors among women in rural Nepal, we aimed to examine this, using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a diagnostic tool. A cross-sectional survey addressing reproductive health and non-communicable diseases was conducted in 2012-2013 among non-pregnant, married women in Bolde, a rural district of Nepal. HbA1c ≥ 6.

Vitamin D Status among Women in a Rural District of Nepal: Determinants and Association with Metabolic Profile-A Population-Based Study.

Hypovitaminosis D is prevalent worldwide, and especially in South-Asia. According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM), 25(OH)D levels below 30 nmol/L are defined as vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and levels between 30−50 nmol/L as insufficiency (VDI). Besides its role in calcium homeostasis, it has been postulated that vitamin D is involved in metabolic syndrome.

Dentists' situation and their needs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal: an online questionnaire survey.

Background: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, ordinary dental services were sustained in Nepal. Because a dental practice is considered to involve a high risk of infection, the needs of dentists should be identified, and demand-driven support should be provided. The purpose of this study was to investigate the situation and needs of dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to guide demand-driven support.

Characteristics of meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

To evaluate the characteristics of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in patients with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and investigate the risk factors for severe MGD.Sixteen patients with a history of SJS were evaluated for MGD. To assess the SJS severity acute ocular involvement score (AOS), acute systemic involvement score (ASS), and chronic ocular manifestation score (COMS) were measured.

Human papilloma virus identification in ocular surface squamous neoplasia by p16 immunohistochemistry and DNA chip test: A strobe-compliant article.

The aim of this study was to identify the association between human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) using p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) chip test.Thirty-eight patients who underwent surgical excision of OSSN were retrospectively studied using tissue samples. The IHC was performed to assess the expression of p16 and DNA chip test was used to detect 24 HPV serotypes.

Dysmenorrhea and Stress among the Nepalese Medical Students.

Background Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological disorder in women of reproductive age with implications as reduced quality of life and school absenteeism. Mental stress is possibly the most important known predisposing factor for primary dysmenorrhea. Objective This study aims to assess the relationship between stress and dysmenorrhea amongst the Nepalese medical students.

Distally based sural faciocutaneous and fascial (adipofascial) flap for reconstruction of distal leg, ankle and foot defects.

Background: Any soft tissue defect in distal leg, ankle and hind foot is still a challenging problem. There are various options for coverage of such defects, but the distally based sural neurocutaneous and neurofascial flap based on the sural nerve and superficial sural artery has been an important option.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of distally based sural flap in reconstruction of the distal leg, ankle and hind foot soft tissue defects.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography at Dhulikhel Hospital: outcome analysis.

Background: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an important but potentially invasive therapeutic procedure in treating various pancreatobiliary conditions. In Nepal, the ERCP services is limited to a few tertiary care centers mostly in the capital, Kathmandu. Dhulikhel hospital has started ERCP since 2011 providing services to patients from all over the country.

Outcomes of extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy in renal and ureteral calculi.

Background: Since the introduction in early 1980s, Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) became the accepted first line treatment modality for renal and upper ureteric stones. It is simple, safe and effective noninvasive procedure which can be performed without anaesthesia in outpatient basis. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of ESWL to achieve complete stone clearance in the patients with different sizes of renal and upper ureteric stones.

Comparison of Tzanakis score vs Alvarado score in the effective diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most frequent surgical emergency encountered worldwide. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of Tzanakis score and Alvarado score in diagnosing acute appendicitis.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of Tzanakis scoring system with Alvarado scoring system in diagnosing AA.

Prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation among school children in Kavre.

Background: Molar incisor hypomineralisation is defined as the hypomineralisation of systemic origin of one to four permanent first molars, and frequently associated with affected incisors. Till date, there is no data available on molar incisor hypomineralisation in any parts of Nepal.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of Molar incisor hypomineralisation in 7 to 12 years old school children of Kavre.

A study of assessment of partial edentulous patients based on Kennedy's classification at Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital.

Background: Oral health contributes significantly towards quality of life(QOL). Edentulousness falls in a special category among the various conditions of dental origin. Dietary intake and nutritional status is affected by poor oral health and loss of teeth.