Risk factors of gallbladder cancer in Nepal: A case control study.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare, highly fatal disease with diagnosis in advanced stage and low survival rate. Nepal ranked 4th position with highest rates of GBC for 10 countries in 2020.

Objective: To find the association between socio-demographic, behavioral and environmental factors associated with the development of GBC.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Nepali version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form.

Background: The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) is a questionnaire for evaluating the frequency, severity, and impact on quality of life of persons with. Urinary incontinence is a stigma, and a Nepali version of the change women to persons will help to screen for incontinence, and be valuable for clinicians, researchers, and for persons with urinary incontinence.

Methods: After receiving ethical clearance and permission from ICIQ, the translation and cross-cultural adaptation was conducted using the ICIQ module protocol.

Prevalence of Antenatal Depressive Symptoms and its Associated Factors among Pregnant Nepalese Women with and Without Low Back- and/or Pelvic Girdle Pain.

Background: Pregnant women with health problems have shown higher odds of depressive symptoms. Evidence suggests a co-morbid relation between pregnancy-related low back pain and/or pelvic girdle pain and the risk of depression. The aims were to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of depression among pregnant Nepalese women in general and among pregnant Nepalese women with low back pain and/or pelvic girdle pain and to identify factors associated to symptoms of depression.

Pregnant women's experiences with a pelvic floor muscle training program in Nepal.

Background: In Nepal, pelvic floor disorders affect about 24% of the women in reproductive age whereof 10% suffer from pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Still, many do not seek health care. Strengthening exercises for the pelvic floor muscles for prevention and treatment of POP has shown strong evidence internationally, but for women in Nepal surgery is primarily offered.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Nepali Version of the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and assess the reliability and validity of the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) in pregnant Nepalese women.

Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation process was conducted according to the Guillemin guidelines. Reliability and validity were assessed using cross-sectional design.

Pelvic floor muscle training programme in pregnant Nepalese women-a feasibility study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is internationally recommended for prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, there is lack of knowledge about PFMT among pregnant Nepalese women. The objectives of this study were to develop a PFMT programme and to assess the feasibility of the programme.

Prevalence and severity of low back- and pelvic girdle pain in pregnant Nepalese women.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) and pelvic girdle pain (PGP) are commonly reported during pregnancy and are known to affect pregnant women's well-being. Still, these conditions are often considered to be a normal part of pregnancy. This study assesses the prevalence and severity of LBP and/or PGP among pregnant Nepalese women, as well as exploring factors associated with LBP and PGP.