Hyperacute Paraplegia and Neurovascular (Immuno Vasculotoxic) Catastrophe of Nicolau Syndrome: Primum Non nocere.

A case of Nicolau syndrome (NS) in a 36-year-old adult taking an unusual and devastating hyperacute irreversible paraplegia after an intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin as a part of routine chemoprophylaxis of her rheumatic heart disease is reported. Although this syndrome is a considerably rare, iatrogenic and underappreciated dermatologic entity, we reiterate in this report, its extracutaneous systemic potential for a catastrophic neurovascular phenomenon and morbidity as well as its possible preventive measures. The apoplectiform onset of T10 flaccid areflexic paraplegia, with the cutaneous hallmark of "embolia cutis medicamentosa" was corroborated by magnetic resonance imaging evidence of centromedullary complete cord involvement from T10 to conus medullaris.

Acrocutaneous metastasis - A rare presentation.

Introduction: Cutaneous metastasis from head and neck cancer is uncommon and it is seen from laryngeal cancer. Acrocutaneous metastasis from the base of tongue is relatively rare.

Case Report: We present a case of a 84-year-old male, previously diagnosed to have moderately differentiated squamous carcinoma of the base of tongue with lung and liver metastases and received palliative chemoradiation.

A Case of Multifocal Eosinophilic Granuloma Involving Spine and Pelvis in a Young Adult: A Radiopathological Correlation.

We present a case of multiple osteolytic lesions in a 28-year-old adult who presented with headache, back pain, and hip pain of 6 months. There was no history of localized swelling or rise of temperature, no history of weight loss or evening rise of temperature. On examination, there were no focal neurological deficits.

HIV-Related Knowledge among PLWHA Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital at Coastal South India-A Facility-Based Study.

Background: Adequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is essential for the prevention of HIV transmission.

Methods: A cross-sectional study consisting of 409 PLHIV aged ≥18 years were interviewed regarding their HIV-related knowledge, from April 2014 to April 2015. HIV-related knowledge was assessed using the HIV knowledge questionnaire 18 .

How familiar are our doctors towards Rabies prophylaxis- A study from coastal south India.

Background: Rabies, a 100% fatal disease claims more than 59,000 human lives every year globally. One human life is lost every 15 minutes due to this deadly preventable disease. Timely initiation of post exposure prophylaxis following an animal exposure can result in 100% preventability of this fatal disease.

Distress and Its Effect on Adherence to Antidiabetic Medications Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Coastal South India.

Background: Distress can bring about an unfavorable attitude among the patients toward tackling their disease which can affect adherence to medications. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of distress on adherence to medication among patients with diabetes.

Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 124 type 2 diabetes patients above 18 years, attending the hospitals affiliated to Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, selected using nonprobability sampling were interviewed to assess the presence of diabetes-related distress (DRD) and their level of adherence to medications.

Utility of Various Bronchoscopic Modalities in Lung Cancer Diagnosis.

Background: Bronchoscopy and different techniques to obtain tissue sample form the cornerstone of lung cancer diagnostics. The utility, specificity and sensitivity of various techniques are compared against each other and also in relation to the tumour type, location and morphology. Aim: To assess and compare the utility of various bronchoscopic procedures in lung malignancies.

Profile of cervical cancer patients attending Tertiary Care Hospitals of Mangalore, Karnataka: A 4 year retrospective study.

Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical profile of women presenting with cervical carcinoma and to identify factors associated with the timing of presentation and prognosis.

Materials And Methods: A record-based descriptive study was carried out from 1 February to 31 March 2014 at Tertiary Care Hospitals of Mangalore. The study population included women who were diagnosed with cervical carcinoma from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2013.

Treatment of infected non-unions with segmental defects with a rail fixation system.

We conducted this study to evaluate the use of rail fixation system in infected gap non-union of femur and tibia as an alternative to the established Ilizarov circular fixator technique. Prospective study. The study was done in the Department of Orthopaedic surgery in a medical school and level I trauma center to which the authors are/were affiliated.

Voice Mutation During Adolescence in Mangalore, India: Implications for the Assessment and Management of Mutational Voice Disorders.

Background: The knowledge of vocal mutation is important for speech pathologists in the diagnosis and management of individuals with mutational voice disorders. However, data on vocal mutation in the Indian population are scarce and hence the present study was planned to investigate the age of attainment of vocal mutation in boys and girls from Mangalore, India, in the age range of 8-18 years.

Methods: A total of 600 participants in the age range of 8-18 years were divided into 10 groups with a 1-year interval.

Association of Interleukin-6 and Myeloperoxidase with Insulin Resistance in Impaired Fasting Glucose Subjects.

Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a high risk subclinical condition for the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the hyperglycemia seen in this condition is because of the development of insulin resistance (IR). Obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress and many other factors have been implicated in development of IR in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its successive complications. Current study was aimed to ascertain the correlation of inflammation and oxidative stress markers [interleukin-6 (IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)] with IR in subjects with IFG.

Temporal fine structure mediated recognition of speech in the presence of multitalker babble.

This experiment investigated the mechanisms of temporal fine structure (TFS) mediated speech recognition in multi-talker babble. The signal-to-noise ratio 50 (SNR-50) for naive-listeners was measured when the TFS was retained in its original form (ORIG-TFS), the TFS was time reversed (REV-TFS), and the TFS was replaced by noise (NO-TFS). The original envelope was unchanged.

Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among People Living with HIV in Coastal South India.

Background: Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has transformed life threatening HIV/AIDS scenario into chronic manageable disease.

Methodology: In this cross-sectional, 409 People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) aged ≥ 18 years, who were on ART, were assessed regarding the adherence to ART and factors affecting adherence using semi-structured questionnaire. The association between factors affecting adherence and the level of adherence were analyzed using multiple logistic regression model and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.

Cortical Auditory Event Related Potentials (P300) for Frequency Changing Dynamic Tones.

Background And Objectives: P300 has been studied with a variety of stimuli. However, the nature of P300 has not been investigated for deviant stimuli which change its characteristics from standard stimuli after a period of time from onset.

Subjects And Methods: Nine young adults with normal hearing participated in the study.

Patients' Awareness About Their Rights: A Study from Coastal South India.

Respecting patients' rights is a fundamental aspect of providing quality healthcare. The present investigation attempts to explore the awareness among patients about their rights in a coastal township in India. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 215 patients admitted to the wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Mangalore.

Perceptions and knowledge toward mobile-health among the college going students in Coastal South India.

Background: Among the manifold uses of mobile phones, mobile-health (mHealth) has been an important one, which is the practice of public health initiatives by awareness raising and communication campaigns. Optimum utilization of mHealth is possible only through adequate awareness. Hence, we aimed to study the perceptions and knowledge about mHealth among college going students in Mangalore, India.

Lady Windermere Syndrome: A Very Rare Entity In Indian Medical Scenario.

Bronchiectasis is a common respiratory disorder, which we come across in clinical practice. Patients with bronchiectasis are prone to infections, especially of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, non-tubercular Mycobacterial infections may also set in, though rare.

Prevalence of Anaemia among Postnatal Mothers in Coastal Karnataka.

Introduction: Postpartum is the most neglected period in reproductive cycle of woman. Prevalence of anaemia in developing countries ranges from 50-95%.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of anaemia among postnatal mothers.

Oxidative Stress in Obese Postmenopausal Women: An Additive Burden for Atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease are on the rise in the general population and is the leading cause of death in both men and women. The impact of CAD is underappreciated in younger women when compared to men. Women have unique risk factors for CAD and postmenopausal women are at higher risk of developing CAD when compared to normal menstruating women.

Relation between Phonological Processing, Auditory Processing and Speech Perception among Bilingual Poor Readers.

Background And Objectives: A deficit in phonological processing abilities has been hypothesized as a cause of reading deficits among poor readers, but the precise etiology of this deficit is still unknown. Many studies have investigated the relation of auditory processing and speech perception with phonological processing, while the relation between these are not well understood. Thus, the present study was carried out to investigate the relation between these abilities among poor readers.

Community-Acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Case Series.

Community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) usually causes skin and soft tissue infections. However, community-acquired methicillin resistant S.aureus has been identified as a causative agent of many invasive infections like necrotizing fasciitis, pneumonia and bacteremia.

Reticulum vs Inclusions: A Learning Experience in Haemoglobin H Disease.

Haemoglobin H disease, also known as the alpha-thalassaemia is characterized by the presence of HbH inclusions in red blood cells, detectable on supra-vital stain. We present a case of a previously asymptomatic 31-year-old male, who insidiously developed anaemia and had prominent splenomegaly. Peripheral smear examination revealed microcytic hypochromic anaemia with numerous spherocytes and moderate polychromasia.

Effect of fusion status of sternum in stature estimation - A study from South India.

Forensic anthropologists examine and identify skeletal, dismembered and commingled remains in a legal context to establish the biological profile of the deceased. Stature estimation is one of the important parameters in establishing the biological profile. The present study is planned to derive regression models for stature estimation from sternal measurements.