Functional characterization of variants found in Japanese patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant form of vascular dysplasia. Genetic diagnosis is made by identifying loss-of-function variants in genes, such as ENG and ACVRL1. However, the causal mechanisms of various variants of unknown significance remains unclear.

Stent-Assisted Coil Embolization of Ruptured Aneurysms in the Acute Stage: Advantages and Disadvantages.

Objective: In the acute stage of ruptured cerebral aneurysms, limited devices are available, making the treatment difficult. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of the coil embolization with stenting for the ruptured cerebral aneurysms in the acute stage.

Methods: We assessed 22 cases treated with stenting among 134 of 169 consecutive patients with subarachnoid hemorrhages undergoing an endovascular treatment between April 2014 and December 2021, of which 134 underwent an embolization during the acute stage.

Glenoid defect size increases but the bone fragment rarely resorbs in shoulders with recurrent anterior instability.

Background: With recurrent anterior instability the bone fragment of a bony Bankart lesion is often small compared to the glenoid defect. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the changes to both the bone fragment and glenoid defect over time in a single subject.

Methods: Participants were patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) at least twice after an instability event between 2004 and 2021 and had a fragment-type glenoid at first CT.

Is preoperative glenoid defect size a reliable indicator of postoperative recurrence after arthroscopic Bankart repair in teenage competitive athletes?

Background: Being younger than 20 years of age at the time of arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) is known to be one of the most important risk factors for postoperative recurrence of instability. When deciding on the appropriate surgical approach, surgeons generally consider only the size of a critical glenoid defect, and most of them do not take into account factors such as the size of bone fragments and possible bone union after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair (ABBR). Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to clarify the risk factors for postoperative recurrence after ABR in teenage competitive athletes by focusing on glenoid rim morphologies and bone union.

Diabetes and anxiety were associated with insomnia among Japanese male truck drivers.

Objective/background: Insomnia among truck drivers may contribute to traffic accidents. We previously reported that truck drivers had adverse lifestyle habits, including smoking and drinking alcohol, in addition to enforced sedentarism making them more vulnerable to lifestyle-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between insomnia and diabetes, as well as the effect of anxiety related to driving tasks on this association.

Patent Persistent Fibrous Tract in a Patient with Disconnected Lumboperitoneal Shunt.

Disconnection of proximal or distal catheter is seen more frequently in the complication of the lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt. A connective tissue sheath that forms around the peritoneal catheter of silicone shunt tubing is a normal biological response to foreign material. The literature did not establish whether the disconnected LP shunt can allow passage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the disconnected portion.

Optic disc cupping characteristics of normal pressure hydrocephalus patients with normal-tension glaucoma.

We examined the potential association of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) with the generation of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), to explore possible relationships between intracranial pressure (ICP) and the presence of glaucoma, and to compare disc morphology of NTG patients with or without iNPH. We investigated 20 iNPH patients, examined the prevalence of glaucoma, and compared the optic discs of NTG patients with iNPH (n = 11) and age-matched NTG patients without iNPH (n = 16). All data were collected prior to the treatment of iNPH, to eliminate the possibility that the treatment may have contributed to the progression of NTG.

Lung injury associated with electronic cigarettes inhalation diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy.

A 46-year-old healthy man developed respiratory distress, night sweats, fever, and weight loss after using electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) for approximately 1 month. He presented to the hospital when the symptoms worsened 2 months after onset. The findings of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid examination and the following transbronchial lung biopsy examination led to the diagnosis of acute alveolitis: intra-alveolar fibrosis accompanied with exudate containing abundant lipid-laden macrophages, eosinophils, and neutrophils.

State-of-Art Surgical Treatment of Dissecting Anterior Circulation Intracranial Aneurysms.

Intracranial dissecting aneurysms (IDAs) are an important cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke, or compression of intracranial structures. Since the availability of endovascular treatment and the advantage of intraprocedural anticoagulation, an endovascular strategy has become the mainstay of their therapy. But in some cases selective aneurysm obliteration by the endovascular approach is impossible or associated with an unacceptable risk of morbidity.

Surgical treatment of unruptured dissecting intracranial aneurysms of vertebral-posterior inferior cerebellar artery region.

A lack of published surgical experience and higher symptomatic recurrence than previously recognized prompted the authors to present their experience with the surgical treatment of unruptured intracranial dissecting aneurysms (UIDAs). Hospital records, neuroimaging studies, operative reports, and follow-up records were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent surgical exploration of the lesion with proximal clipping of the parent artery through a far-lateral suboccipital craniotomy with or without partial condylar resection.

Treatment of mild traumatic brain injury by epidural saline and oxygen injection: report of two cases.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common complication of minor head injury and a serious problem in the Iraq war returnees. Effective treatment is not yet available. We have treated 23 patients with chronic post-traumatic headache by epidural saline and oxygen injection (ESOI) with efficacy of 96 %.