Phosphorylation of SNW1 protein associated with equine melanocytic neoplasm identified in serum and feces.

Equine melanocytic neoplasm (EMN) represents a form of skin tumor observed predominantly in grey horses aged over 15 years. Despite its prevalence, current therapeutic and preventive strategies for EMN have been subject to limited investigation. This study endeavors to shed light on potential phosphoproteins present in equine serum and fecal samples, potentially linked to EMN, with a specific focus on functional interactions in EMN pathogenesis.

Exploring the functional diversity and metabolic activities of the human gut microbiome in Thai adults in response to a prebiotic diet.

Exploring dietary methods to alter microbial communities and metabolic functions is becoming an increasingly fascinating strategy for improving health. Copra meal hydrolysate (CMH) is alternatively used as a gut health supplement. However, the functional diversity and metabolic activities in gut microbiome in relation to CMH treatment remain largely unknown.

Phytoplasma DNA Enrichment from Sugarcane White Leaves for Shotgun Sequencing Improvement.

Sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) disease, caused by Phytoplasma sacchari, poses a significant threat to sugarcane cultivation. An obligate parasite, phytoplasma is difficult to culture in laboratory conditions, making the isolation of its DNA from the massive amount of plant host DNA extremely challenging. Yet, the appropriate amount and quality of plant microbiome-derived DNA are key for high-quality DNA sequencing data.

Proximity Cross-Linking and Immunoprecipitation of Cell Wall Epitopes Identify Proteins Associated with the Biosynthesis of Matrix Polysaccharides.

Identification of proteins involved in cell wall matrix polysaccharide biosynthesis is crucial to understand plant cell wall biology. We utilized cross-linking and immunoprecipitation with cell wall antibodies that recognized xyloglucan, xylan, mannan, and homogalacturonan to capture proteins associated with matrix polysaccharides in protoplasts. The use of cross-linkers allowed us to capture proteins actively associated with cell wall polymers, including those directly interacting with glycans via glycan-protein (GP) cross-linkers and those associated with proteins linked to glycans via a protein-protein (PP) cross-linker.

Computational Screening for the Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Putative Hemp Seed Hydrolyzed Peptidome as a Potential Antidiabetic Agent.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPPIV) inhibitory peptides are a class of antihyperglycemic drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder resulting from reduced levels of the incretin hormone GLP-1. Given that DPPIV degrades incretin, a key regulator of blood sugar levels, various antidiabetic medications that inhibit DPPIV, such as vildagliptin, sitagliptin, and linagliptin, are employed. However, the potential side effects of these drugs remain a matter of debate.

Transcriptomic Profiling of Sugarcane White Leaf (SCWL) Canes during Maturation Phase.

Sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) disease, caused by Phytoplasma sacchari, results in the most damage to sugarcane plantations. Some SCWL canes can grow unnoticed through the maturation phase, subsequently resulting in an overall low sugar yield, or they can be used accidentally as seed canes. In this work, 12-month-old SCWL and asymptomatic canes growing in the same field were investigated.

Holistic transcriptional responses of Cordyceps militaris to different culture temperatures.

Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal entomopathogenic fungus containing valuable biometabolites for pharmaceutical applications. Its genetic inheritance and environmental factors play a crucial role in the production of biomass enriched with cordycepin. While temperature is a crucial controlled parameter for fungal cultivation, its impacts on growth and metabolite biosynthesis remains poorly characterized.

Dissecting Holistic Metabolic Acclimatization of WJ11 Defective in Carotenoid Biosynthesis.

WJ11 is a lipid-producing strain with industrial potential. A holistic approach using gene manipulation and bioprocessing development has improved lipid production and the strain's economic viability. However, the systematic regulation of lipid accumulation and carotenoid biosynthesis in remains unknown.

Light-Exposed Metabolic Responses of through Transcriptome-Integrated Genome-Scale Modeling.

The genome-scale metabolic model (GSMM) of provides a comprehensive basis of carbon assimilation for cell growth and metabolite production. However, the model with a simple mass balance concept shows limited capability to probe the metabolic responses of under light exposure. This study, therefore, employed the transcriptome-integrated GSMM approach to extend the investigation of 's metabolism under light conditions.

Preliminary characterization of gut mycobiome enterotypes reveals the correlation trends between host metabolic parameter and diet: a case study in the Thai Cohort.

The association between the gut mycobiome and its potential influence on host metabolism in the Thai Cohort was assessed. Two distinct predominant enterotypes, Saccharomyces (Sa) and Aspergillus/Penicillium (Ap/Pe) showed differences in gut mycobiota diversity and composition. Notably, the Sa enterotype exhibited lower evenness and richness, likely due to the prevalence of Saccharomyces, while both enterotypes displayed unique metabolic behaviors related to nutrient metabolism and body composition.

Leveraging a meta-learning approach to advance the accuracy of Na blocking peptides prediction.

The voltage-gated sodium (Na) channel is a crucial molecular component responsible for initiating and propagating action potentials. While the α subunit, forming the channel pore, plays a central role in this function, the complete physiological function of Na channels relies on crucial interactions between the α subunit and auxiliary proteins, known as protein-protein interactions (PPI). Na blocking peptides (NaBPs) have been recognized as a promising and alternative therapeutic agent for pain and itch.

Accelerating the identification of the allergenic potential of plant proteins using a stacked ensemble-learning framework.

Plant-allergenic proteins (PAPs) have the potential to induce allergic reactions in certain individuals. While these proteins are generally innocuous for the majority of people, they can elicit an immune response in those with particular sensitivities. Thus, screening and prioritizing the allergenic potential of plant proteins is indispensable for the development of diagnostic tools, therapeutic interventions or medications to treat allergic reactions.

Efficient de novo production of bioactive cordycepin by Aspergillus oryzae using a food-grade expression platform.

Background: Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is an important bioactive compound in medical and healthcare markets. The drawbacks of commercial cordycepin production using Cordyceps spp. include long cultivation periods and low cordycepin yields.

Uncovering nutrients and energy related gene functions of black soldier fly Hermetia illucens strain KUP.

The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) has emerged as a significant insect species in the decomposition of organic waste for sustainable agricultural practices. Due to its remarkable characteristics and performance, H. illucens is increasingly utilised for insect farming, particularly for industrial-scale rearing throughout the world.

Exploring Longitudinal Gut Microbiome towards Metabolic Functional Changes Associated in Atopic Dermatitis in Early Childhood.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease that has been associated with changes in gut microbial composition in early life. However, there are limited longitudinal studies examining the gut microbiome in AD. This study aimed to explore taxonomy and metabolic functions across longitudinal gut microbiomes associated with AD in early childhood from 9 to 30 months of age using integrative data analysis within the Thai population.

TIPred: a novel stacked ensemble approach for the accelerated discovery of tyrosinase inhibitory peptides.

Background: Tyrosinase is an enzyme involved in melanin production in the skin. Several hyperpigmentation disorders involve the overproduction of melanin and instability of tyrosinase activity resulting in darker, discolored patches on the skin. Therefore, discovering tyrosinase inhibitory peptides (TIPs) is of great significance for basic research and clinical treatments.

Disruption of a DUF247 Containing Protein Alters Cell Wall Polysaccharides and Reduces Growth in .

Plant cell wall biosynthesis is a complex process that requires proteins and enzymes from glycan synthesis to wall assembly. We show that disruption of (), a member of the multigene family containing 28 genes in , results in alterations to the structure and composition of cell wall polysaccharides and reduced growth and plant size. An ELISA using cell wall antibodies shows that the mutants also exhibit ~50% reductions in xyloglucan (XyG), glucuronoxylan (GX) and heteromannan (HM) epitopes in the NaOH fraction and ~50% increases in homogalacturonan (HG) epitopes in the CDTA fraction.

Uncovering global lipid accumulation routes towards docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production in Aurantiochytrium sp. SW1 using integrative proteomic analysis.

Aurantiochytrium sp., a marine thraustochytrid possesses a remarkable ability to produce lipid rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Although gene regulation underlying lipid biosynthesis has been previously reported, proteomic analysis is still limited.

TROLLOPE: A novel sequence-based stacked approach for the accelerated discovery of linear T-cell epitopes of hepatitis C virus.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a concerning health issue that causes chronic liver diseases. Despite many successful therapeutic outcomes, no effective HCV vaccines are currently available. Focusing on T cell activity, the primary effector for HCV clearance, T cell epitopes of HCV (TCE-HCV) are considered promising elements to accelerate HCV vaccine efficacy.

Genome-based reclassification of , and the genera , and .

In the present study, the taxonomic positions of , and members of the genera , and were evaluated. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between DSM 14745, DSM 23947 and members of the genera and were above the cut-off level (>95 %) for genus delineation. Amino acid identity (AAI) values and the results of phylogenomic analysis suggested that and the members of the genera , and belong to the same genus.

Understanding Snail Mucus Biosynthesis and Shell Biomineralisation through Genomic Data Mining of the Reconstructed Carbohydrate and Glycan Metabolic Pathways of the Giant African Snail ().

The giant African snail (Order Stylommatophora: Family Achatinidae), (Bowdich, 1822), is the most significant and invasive land snail pest. The ecological adaptability of this snail involves high growth rate, reproductive capacity, and shell and mucus production, driven by several biochemical processes and metabolism. The available genomic information for provides excellent opportunities to hinder the underlying processes of adaptation, mainly carbohydrate and glycan metabolic pathways toward the shell and mucus formation.