Simulated Swine Digestion and Gut Microbiota Fermentation of Hydrolyzed Copra Meal.

This study aimed to compare the effects of hydrolyzed copra meal (HCM) inclusion at 1% on its in vitro digestibility and the microbiota and cecum fermentation using the gut microbiota of weaned swine, targeting microbial community and short-chain fatty acids (SCF). For this reason, three treatments were considered: control (no copra meal), 1% non-hydrolyzed copra meal (CM), and 1% HCM. Non-defatted copra meal was hydrolyzed and analyzed (reducing sugars and total carbohydrates) in our laboratory.

Nutritional Quality and Biological Application of Mushroom Protein as a Novel Protein Alternative.

Purpose Of Review: Global concerns about population growth, economic, and nutritional transitions and health have led to the search for a low-cost protein alternative to animal origins. This review provides an overview of the viability of exploring mushroom protein as a future protein alternative considering the nutritional value, quality, digestibility, and biological benefits.

Recent Findings: Plant proteins are commonly used as alternatives to animal proteins, but the majority of them are low in quality due to a lack of one or more essential amino acids.

Bioactive composition and modulatory effects of Hed-Tean-Rad Mushroom, on gut microbiota.

(or ) is a nutrient-dense wild edible mushroom native to Thailand. The mushroom extract and its constituents have remarkable biological characteristics, but the influence of the powder on the human gut microbiota is unknown. This study investigated the bioactive composition and modulatory properties of powder on gut microbial composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production.

Selection of pretreatment method and mannanase enzyme to improve the functionality of palm kernel cake.

Palm kernel cake (PKC) is a by-product of palm kernel oil extraction with moderate nutritional value, containing 30-35% β-mannan, which is indigestible, slows growth, and reduces feed efficiency. PKC can be improved by mannanase hydrolysis, but the effectiveness of mannanase is dependent on the microbial source. Thus, the effect of steam pretreatment and bacterial mannanases on PKC quality was investigated.

In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of Lentinus squarrosulus powder and impact on human fecal microbiota.

Humans have long-used mushrooms as food and medicine, but digestion and colonic fermentation of most mushrooms, including Lentinus squarrosulus is markedly unknown. Here, nutritional profile, digestion and colonic fermentation of L. squarrosulus powder (LP) were determined.

Antifungal Activity of Propyl Disulfide from Neem () in Vapor and Agar Diffusion Assays against Anthracnose Pathogens ( and ) in Mango Fruit.

Microorganisms causing anthracnose diseases have a medium to a high level of resistance to the existing fungicides. This study aimed to investigate neem plant extract (propyl disulfide, PD) as an alternative to the current fungicides against mango's anthracnose. Microorganisms were isolated from decayed mango and identified as and Next, a pathogenicity test was conducted and after fulfilling Koch's postulates, fungi were reisolated from these symptomatic fruits and we thus obtained pure cultures.

Molecular studies on oestrogen α and progesterone receptors and histomorphometric analysis of canine uteri following aglepristone treatment.

Aglepristone, a competitive progesterone antagonist, is successfully used in various progesterone-dependent conditions. This study investigated uterine histomorphometric analysis, and expressions of the oestrogen α receptor (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PR) in uteri of bitches following the single dose of aglepristone treatment. Twelve client-owned healthy diestrous bitches were used in the study.

Functional composition and antioxidant property of crude polysaccharides from the fruiting bodies of .

(Hed Khon Khao) is a source of bioactive polysaccharides. Three crude polysaccharides (LSPs) were subjected to cold water (LSP-CP), hot water (LSP-HP), and aqueous alkaline (LSP-AP) extractions, and their functional compositions and radical scavenging activities were compared. Synchrotron radiation FTIR (SR-FTIR) spectra and PCA plot analysis in the bio-regions (4000-400 cm) revealed that functional composition LSPs differ significantly ( < 0.

Molecular Identification and Dual Functions of Two Different CXC Chemokines in Nile Tilapia () against and .

Two CXC chemokines in Nile tilapia (-CXC1 and -CXC2) were identified at both the genomic and proteomic levels. A southern blot analysis and comparison searching in Ensembl confirmed the typical structure of the CXC chemokine genes and provided evidence for unusual mechanisms used to generate the two different CXC chemokine transcripts that have not been reported in other vertebrate species so far. The expression levels of -CXC1 and -CXC2 were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR.

Antifungal activity of propyl disulphide from neem against Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Neofusicoccum parvum causing stem end rot in mango.

Aim: To investigate the antifungal effect of the neem extract volatile propyl disulphide against the fungal plant pathogens.

Methods And Results: Postharvest pathogens were isolated and identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Neofusicoccum parvum causing the stem end rot of mango fruit. Antifungal activity of propyl disulphide at different concentrations was determined in comparison with ethanol and distilled water.

A 13-plex of tetra- and penta-STRs to identify zebrafish.

The zebrafish species Danio rerio has become one of the major vertebrate model organisms used in biomedical research. However, there are aspects of the model that need to be improved. One of these is the ability to identify individual fish and fish lines by DNA profiling.

Improving palm kernel cake nutrition using enzymatic hydrolysis optimized by Taguchi method.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of palm kernel cake to improve the quality of substrates with multi-response criteria based on the Taguchi orthogonal array. Nine experimental runs were performed based on an L9 orthogonal array. Percent substrate, incubation time, and enzyme units were optimized considering multiple performance characteristics.

Determination of Aflatoxin B in Feedstuffs without Clean-Up Step by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

A reliable and rapid method has been developed for the determination of aflatoxin B (AFB) in four kinds of feedstuffs comprising broken rice, peanuts, corn, and fishmeal. A sample preparation was carried out based on the QuEChERS method with the exclusion of the clean-up step. In this study, AFB was extracted using acetonitrile/methanol (40/60 v/v), followed by partitioning with sodium chloride and magnesium sulfate.

Kinetic properties analysis of beta-mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 expressed in Escherichia coli.

Endo-1,4-β-mannanase is an enzyme that can catalyze the random hydrolysis of β-1,4-mannosidic linkages in the main chain of mannans, glucomannans and galactomannans and offers many applications in different biotechnology industries. Purification and kinetic properties of the endo-1,4-β-mannanase from recombinant Escherichia coli strain KMAN-3 were examined. Recombinant β-mannanase (KMAN-3) was purified 50.

Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.

Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.

Molecular weight, chain profile of rice amylopectin and starch pasting properties.

Differences in fine structure, average molecular size of amylopectin (AP) as well as clarity of the AP solution from indica waxy rice and high amylose (HAM) rice were examined. Despite similar amylose content (AM), rice starches displayed different pasting properties. Waxy APs had higher values of both number-average and weight-average molecular weight (Mn¯ and Mw¯) but lower values of intrinsic viscosity [η], compared to HAM APs.

The molecular prevalence and MSA-2b gene-based genetic diversity of Babesia bovis in dairy cattle in Thailand.

Bovine babesiosis is an economically significant disease that affects dairy farming operations in Thailand. In the present study, 1824 blood-DNA samples prepared from cattle bred in 4 different regions of the country (North, Northeast, Central, and South) were screened using a nested PCR for the specific detection of Babesia bovis. While the overall prevalence of B.