Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by using Camellia japonica leaf extract for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene and photocatalytic degradation of Eosin-Y.

In the present study, sphere-like silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized by using Camellia japonica leaf extract and its remediation industrial pollutants such as nitrobenzene and Eosin-Y (EY). As-prepared sphere-like Ag-NPs were characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic methods such as UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectra (EDX), and the chemical constituents of the leaf extract were also analyzed by using Gas chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Fascinatingly, the as-prepared sphere-like Ag-NPs exhibits excellent electrocatalytic and photocatalytic activity for the reduction of nitrobenzene and photo-degradation of EY dye respectively.

Therapeutic potential of chemically modified siRNA: Recent trends.

Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are one of the valuable tools to investigate the functions of genes and are also used for gene silencing. It has a wide scope in drug discovery through in vivo target validation. siRNA therapeutics are not optimal drug-like molecules due to poor bioavailability and immunogenic and off-target effects.

Antibody Mimetics, Peptides, and Peptidomimetics.

In spite of their widespread applications as therapeutic, diagnostic, and detection agents, the limitations of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have enthused scientists to plan for next-generation biomedical agents, the so-called antibody mimetics, which offer many advantages compared to traditional antibodies. Antibody mimetics could be designed through protein-directed evolution or fusion of complementarity-determining regions with intervening framework regions. In the recent decade, extensive progress has been made in exploiting human, butterfly (Pieris brassicae), and bacterial systems to design and select mimetics using display technologies.

Protective effect of Azolla microphylla on biochemical, histopathological and molecular changes induced by isoproterenol in rats.

Azolla microphylla is an important fast-growing aquatic plant trusted for its agronomic, nutritious and therapeutic uses. The present work is undertaken to investigate the protective effect of the ethanolic extract of Azolla microphylla (EAM) against the Isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Rats were pre-treated with EAM (250 and 500mg/kg b.

Challenges in diagnosing and treating snakebites in a rural population of Tamil Nadu, India: The views of clinicians.

Snakebites cause death, disability and economic devastation to their victims, people who live almost exclusively in rural areas. Annually an estimated two million venomous bites cause as many as 100,000 deaths worldwide as well as hundreds of thousands of deformities and amputations. Recent studies suggest that India has the highest incidence of snakebite and associated deaths worldwide.

Pterocarpan scaffold: A natural lead molecule with diverse pharmacological properties.

Phytoalexins are substances produced by plants that act as potent inhibitors of pathogens. Pterocarpans are biologically active isoflavonoids most commonly found in the family Fabaceae that have the ability to act as phytoalexins. It is made up of a tetracyclic ring system possessing benzofuran-benzopyran.

Common SAR Derived from Linear and Non-linear QSAR Studies on AChE Inhibitors used in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Deficits in cholinergic neurotransmission due to the degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the brain are believed to be one of the major causes of the memory impairments associated with AD. Targeting acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) surfaced as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The present study is pursued to develop quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models to determine chemical descriptors responsible for AChE activity.

Degradation of benzo[a]pyrene by Pleurotus ostreatus PO-3 in the presence of defined fungal and bacterial co-cultures.

Benzo[a]pyrene, a high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon possesses carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic properties. The present study focuses on benzo[a]pyrene degradation by Pleurotus ostreatus PO-3, characterization and identification of metabolites produced and the extent of degradation in the presence of axenic culture of P. ostreatus PO-3 and defined co-cultures of the basidiomycete with bacteria and non-basidiomycete fungi.

Haematological, biochemical and histopathological aspects of Hericium erinaceus ingestion in a rodent model: A sub-chronic toxicological assessment.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hericium erinaceus is a culinary-medicinal mushroom and has a long history of usage in traditional Chinese medicine as a tonic for stomach disorders, ulcers and gastrointestinal ailments.

Aim Of The Study: The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the potential toxic effects of the aqueous extract from the fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus in rats by a sub-chronic oral toxicity study.

A highly sensitive and selective electrochemical determination of non-steroidal prostate anti-cancer drug nilutamide based on f-MWCNT in tablet and human blood serum sample.

A novel electrochemical sensor based on the functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (f-MWCNT) was successfully developed for the sensitive and selective determination of non-steroidal prostate anti-cancer drug nilutamide in tablet and blood serum samples. The f-MWCNT was prepared by the simple reflux method and characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Interestingly, the f-MWCNT was exhibited a superior electrocatalytic activity towards the anti-cancer drug nilutamide when compared with pristine MWCNT and unmodified electrodes.

Quinazoline derivative from indigenous isolate, Nocardiopsis alba inhibits human telomerase enzyme.

Aim: Aim of this study was isolation and screening of various secondary metabolites produced by indigenous isolates of soil Actinomycetes for human telomerase inhibitory activity.

Methods And Results: Extracellular extract from culture suspension of various soil Actinomycetes species were tested for telomerase inhibitory activity. The organism which produced telomerase inhibitor was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

In Vitro Anti-Urolithiasis Potentials of Argemone mexicana L. Leaves.

Background: The current study was performed to evaluate the anti-urolithiatic activity of Argemone mexicana L. leaves extracts as natural remedy to over come side effects problem due to the usage of modern synthetic medicine.

Methods: In vitro experiments (nucleation, aggregation and microscopic assay's) were performed to test the anti-urolithiasis activity of A.

General unknown screening, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of Dendrobium macrostachyum Lindl.

Context: D. macrostachyum is an epiphytic orchid abundant in Southern India and is reported for pain relief in folklore.

Aims: The objective of the present study was to determine in vitro free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity of D.

Mechanism of Fenpropathrin Resistance in Red Spider Mite, Oligonychus coffeae (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Infesting Tea [Camellia sinensis L. (O. Kuntze)].

Red spider mite (RSM), Oligonychus coffeae (Nietner) (Acarina: Tetranychidae), has gained special attention in view of their widespread occurrence as a pest on tea [Camellia sinensis L. (O. Kuntze)].

Cissus quadrangularis prevented the ovariectomy induced oxidative stress in the femur of adult albino rats.

Unlabelled: The increasing evidence suggesting the role of free radicals in bone resorption and bone loss prompted us to explore whether the consumption of antioxidant rich medicinal plant C. quadrangularis modifies antioxidant status in ovariectomized rats.

Methods: Twenty four female adult rats, 90days old showing regular estrous cycles were used for the present study.

Biochemical and molecular analysis of (L.) O. Kuntze tea from the selected P/11/15 clone.

Green tea is one of the most important beverages consumed across the world and it possesses various phytotherapeutics. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, total polyphenols, catechins, amino acid content and enzymatic antioxidants are considered to be potential parameters in tea characterization. P/11/15 clone ( (L) O.

Studies on Labour Safety in Construction Sites.

Construction industry has accomplished extensive growth worldwide particularly in past few decades. For a construction project to be successful, safety of the structures as well as that of the personnel is of utmost importance. The safety issues are to be considered right from the design stage till the completion and handing over of the structure.

Synthesis of flexirubin-mediated silver nanoparticles using Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 and investigation of its anticancer activity.

In this work, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from a pigment produced by a recently-discovered bacterium, Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, was achieved, followed by an investigation of its anticancer properties. The bacterial pigment was identified as flexirubin following NMR ((1)H NMR and (13)C NMR), UV-Vis, and LC-MS analysis. An aqueous silver nitrate solution was treated with isolated flexirubin to produce silver nanoparticles.

Performance evaluation of structure based and ligand based virtual screening methods on ten selected anti-cancer targets.

Virtual screening has become an important tool in drug discovery process. Structure based and ligand based approaches are generally used in virtual screening process. To date, several benchmark sets for evaluating the performance of the virtual screening tool are available.

Hepatoprotection by active fractions from Desmostachya bipinnata stapf (L.) against tamoxifen-induced hepatotoxicity.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effect of the polyphenolic fraction of Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf (PFDB) (Poaceae) on tamoxifen (TAM)-induced liver damage in female Sprague-Dawley rats.

Materials And Methods: The roots of Desmostachya bipinnata were extracted in 70% methanol, and the polyphenolic fraction was isolated. Protection of BRL3A cells against ethanol-induced damage was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.

Green chemistry focus on optimization of silver nanoparticles using response surface methodology (RSM) and mosquitocidal activity: Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae).

There is an exigent necessity for development of environmental friendly bio-control agent(s) for elimination of mosquito due to increased resistance resurgence against synthetic control agents. Mosquito control strategy will lay a strong foundation to malaria exclusion or it can be curbed to certain level especially in the developing nations. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by green chemistry approach using Tridax procumbens leaf extract as a reducing agent.