Sustained Alcohol Service Refusal Rates to Underage Patrons in Nightlife Setting: 25-Year Follow-Up of a Swedish Alcohol Prevention Program.

Purpose: In 1996, a multicomponent alcohol prevention intervention was launched and later institutionalized in Stockholm. This study examines the long-term effects of the program on compliance with the legal minimum age limit for alcohol service at licensed premises.

Methods: The intervention comprised community mobilization and collaboration, training, and enforcement aimed at preventing alcohol service to underage (<18 years) or obviously intoxicated patrons.

An X-Linked Ataxia Syndrome in a Family with Hearing Loss Associated with a Novel Variant in the BCAP31 Gene.

Objective: Pathogenic variants in B-cell receptor-associated protein (BCAP31) are associated with X-linked, deafness, dystonia and cerebral hypomyelination (DDCH) syndrome. DDCH is congenital and non-progressive, featuring severe intellectual disability (ID), variable dysmorphism, and sometimes associated with shortened survival. BCAP31 encodes one of the most abundant chaperones, with several functions including acting as a negative regulator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium ion (Ca) concentration.

Outcome of Screening Questions for Temporomandibular Disorders and Related Treatment in Adult Patients Attending the Public Dental Service.

Background: Approximately 30% of the adult population experiences symptoms under the concept of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). To identify patients with TMD who may require further evaluation, three screening questions (3Q/TMD) have been introduced.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of self-reported TMD and the amount of treatment received by patients in the Public Dental Service in Stockholm and how many were referred to an orofacial pain specialist.

Results of open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using a proximal humeral plating system with smooth pegs.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical results and complication rate in patients with proximal humeral fracture treated with Anatomical Locking Plate System (A.L.P.

Interactive 3D visualisation technique used in pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomised controlled study evaluating quality of life, compliance and use of health care.

Introduction: A pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programme, including exercise training, education, and behaviour change, is highly recommended in treatment guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A new PR educational material for PR using an interactive three-dimensional (3D) visualisation technique was developed. There is little known regarding using 3D in this setting.

Challenges and opportunities in organ donation after circulatory death.

In recent years, there has been resurgence in donation after circulatory death (DCD). Despite that, the number of organs transplanted from these donors remains low due to concerns about their function and a lack of an objective assessment at the time of donation. This overview examines the current DCD practices and the classification modifications to accommodate regional perspectives.

Measurement Invariance on the Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen (NIAS) by Age and Reporter Status: Comparing ARFID Symptoms Among Self-Reporting Adults and Adolescents and Parent Reports of Children and Adolescents.

Objective: Self-report measures of ARFID symptoms (e.g., Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen [NIAS]) are used to assess symptom differences between groups.

Age-associated microglial transcriptome leads to diminished immunogenicity and dysregulation of MCT4 and P2RY12/P2RY13 related functions.

The aging process is marked by a time-dependent deterioration in cellular functions, particularly the immune and neural systems. Understanding the phenotype acquisition of microglia, the sentinel immune cells of the brain, is crucial for understanding the nature of age-related neurological diseases. However, the specific phenotype adopted by microglia during aging remains a subject of debate and is contingent on the chosen experimental model.

Injurious Falls Before, During, and After Stroke Diagnosis: A Population-based Study.

Objectives: We aimed to examine changes in the incidence of injurious falls before, during, and after stroke, and to identify risk factors of injurious falls before and after stroke diagnosis.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Within the Swedish Twin Registry, 4431 participants (aged 66.

Descriptives and genetic correlates of eating disorder diagnostic transitions and presumed remission in the Danish registry.

Objective: Eating disorders (EDs) are serious psychiatric disorders with an estimated 3.3 million healthy life-years lost worldwide yearly. Understanding the course of illness, diagnostic transitions and remission, and their associated genetic correlates could inform both ED etiology and treatment.

MAPPING THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PROTEOME IN BIPOLAR DISORDER.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric condition with unclear etiology and no established biomarkers. Here, we aimed to characterize the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome in euthymic BD individuals to identify potential protein biomarkers.

Methods: We employed nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry to quantify over 2,000 CSF proteins in 374 individuals from two independent clinical cohorts (n=164+89 and 66+55 cases and controls, respectively).

Schools' need for information from the healthcare system when balancing between educational demands and the requirements of the child diagnosed with cancer: A qualitative study.

Purpose: To improve patient care by describing teachers' and school leaders' experiences in teaching children diagnosed with cancer, to better understand which information would be beneficial for schools to receive from the healthcare system.

Methods: This qualitative study was based on semi-structured interviews with 15 teachers and six school leaders in primary, secondary, and high schools in Sweden (student ages 6-18). The data was analyzed with thematic analysis.

Parental psychosocial factors and children's oral health-related quality of life: Data from a caries prevention study with phone-based support.

Background: Caries burden in children disproportionately affects minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Severe early childhood caries requiring general anesthesia (GA) is a significant concern, with high caries relapse rates in subsequent years.

Aim: To examine associations between parental psychosocial factors, children's caries burden, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), including group differences, following a phone-based parental support intervention for children treated under GA for severe Early Childhood Caries (ECC).

Physical Color Calibration of Digital Pathology Scanners for Robust Artificial Intelligence Assisted Cancer Diagnosis.

The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in digital pathology is limited by technical inconsistencies in the production of whole slide images (WSIs). This causes degraded AI performance and poses a challenge for widespread clinical application, as fine-tuning algorithms for each site is impractical. Changes in the imaging workflow can also compromise diagnostic accuracy and patient safety.

A thermoplastic chip for 2D and 3D correlative assays combining screening and high-resolution imaging of immune cell responses.

We present an easy-to-use, disposable, thermoplastic microwell chip designed to support screening and high-resolution imaging of single-cell behavior in two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) cell cultures. We show that the chip has excellent optical properties and provide simple protocols for efficient long-term cell culture of suspension and adherent cells, the latter grown either as monolayers or as hundreds of single, uniformly sized spheroids. We then demonstrate the applicability of the system for single-cell analysis by correlating the dynamic cytotoxic response of single immune cells grown under different metabolic conditions to their intracellular cytolytic load at the end of the assay.

Early developmental trajectories of the impaired hand in infants with unilateral cerebral palsy.

Aim: To identify developmental trajectories of impaired hand function in infants aged 3 to 15 months with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).

Method: Sixty-three infants (37 male; median gestational age 37 weeks [interquartile range 30-39.1 weeks]) recruited as part of a randomized trial with a confirmed diagnosis of unilateral CP were included.

Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust and first-time acute myocardial infarction - a nationwide register-based cohort study 1976- 2018.

Aims: Exposure to air pollution including diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Few studies have investigated the risk of AMI according to occupational exposure to DEE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to DEE and the risk of first-time AMI.

Functional variants in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene are associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer.

Background: Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF; a recessive disorder) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Evidence suggests individuals with a single CFTR variant may also have increased CRC risk.

Methods: Using population-based studies (GECCO, CORECT, CCFR, and ARIC; 53 785 CRC cases and 58 010 controls), we tested for an association between the most common CFTR variant (Phe508del) and CRC risk.

The Path to Loneliness for Psychiatric Patients: A Qualitative Study of a Journey Marked by Pain, Hopelessness, Prosocial Signaling Deficits, and Coping Strategies That Are Not Effective.

Enduring loneliness has serious physical and mental health implications. Patients with mental health problems are at risk of experiencing problems related to loneliness. Therefore, it is important to increase knowledge about how loneliness is experienced and managed in this particular group.

Evaluation of lymphocyte infiltration into cancer spheroids by immunofluorescent staining and 3D imaging.

In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) cultures of tumor cells has emerged as an important tool in cancer research. The significance of 3D cultures, such as tumor spheroids, lies in their ability to mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment more precisely, offering a nuanced understanding of immune responses within the context of tumor progression. In fact, the infiltration of cytotoxic lymphocytes is key to determining patients' prognosis in several types of cancer and response to immunotherapy.

Intentional weight reduction before surgery - A systematic review.

Introduction: Obesity may increase complexity of surgical procedures and increase the risk of perioperative complications. Weight reduction by the use of low energy diet (LED, ≤1200 kcal/day) or very low energy diet (VLED, ≤800 kcal/day) can reduce postoperative complications after bariatric surgery, but for most other types of surgery the evidence for its use remains uncertain. The aim of this systematic review was therefore to evaluate the scientific evidence in general for this routine.

"Try to keep things going" - Use of various resources to balance between caregiving and other aspects of life: An interview study with informal caregivers of persons living with brain tumors in Sweden.

Purpose: Persons living with brain tumors may experience severe impairment, requiring social support (i.e., informal care).

COVID-19 Symptoms Only Minutely Influenced by Genes Among Children in a Nationwide Twin Cohort.

Background: The World Health Organization classified coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic by March 11, 2020. Children had a milder disease than adults, and many were asymptomatic. The pandemic could be seen as a natural experiment with several changes, including time spent at home.