82,173 results match your criteria: "Karolinska Institutet[Affiliation]"

Background: The return-to-work (RTW) process for individuals on long-term sick leave can be complex. Vocational rehabilitation may facilitate RTW; however, many intervention studies often have relatively short follow-up periods. The purpose of this study was to assess long-term work participation 2-7 years after the initiation of a three-armed randomized controlled trial aimed at RTW for individuals on long-term sick leave because of mental disorders and/or chronic pain.

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SHIP-1 regulates the differentiation and function of Tregs via inhibiting mTORC1 activity.

Cell Mol Life Sci

December 2024

Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.

Cell metabolism is crucial for orchestrating the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the underlying mechanism that coordinates cell metabolism to regulate Treg activity is not completely understood. As a pivotal molecule in lipid metabolism, the role of SHIP-1 in Tregs remains unknown.

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Microbiology reference laboratories perform a crucial role within public health systems. This role was especially evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this Viewpoint, we emphasise the importance of microbiology reference laboratories and highlight the types of digital data and expertise they provide, which benefit national and international public health.

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Deep multi-omics integration approach reveals new molecular features of uterine leiomyosarcoma.

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis

December 2024

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, IMD, Ppg-Bioinformatica, Natal, Brazil; University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Translational Genomics, 1450 Biggy St., Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America. Electronic address:

Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is a rare and aggressive cancer representing approximately 25 % of all uterine malignancies. The molecular heterogeneity and pathogenesis of uLMS are not well understood, and translational studies aimed at discovering the vulnerabilities of this tumor type are of high priority. We conducted an innovative comprehensive multi-omics integration study from DNA to protein using freshly frozen tumors.

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snRNA-seq stratifies multiple sclerosis patients into distinct white matter glial responses.

Neuron

December 2024

Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Poor understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of clinical and genetic heterogeneity in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) has hindered the search for new effective therapies. To address this gap, we analyzed 632,000 single-nucleus RNA sequencing profiles from 156 brain tissue samples of MS and control donors to examine inter- and intra-donor heterogeneity. We found distinct cell type-specific gene expression changes between MS gray and white matter, highlighting clear pathology differences.

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SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes across mental disorders and the role of sex: A register-based study from Catalonia.

Psychiatry Res

December 2024

Group of Epidemiology of Mental Disorders and Ageing, Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Introduction: This study investigated the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes among different mental health diagnoses and the role of sex in these associations.

Methods: Using electronic records from Catalonia, we identified adults receiving mental health care from 2017-2019 with diagnoses of non-affective psychosis (NAP), bipolar disorder (BD), depressive disorder (DEP), stress-related disorders, neurotic/somatoform disorders (NSD), and substance misuse (SUB) (exposed). The outcomes assessed were SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, and COVID-19-related death, compared to matched individuals without these mental disorders (unexposed).

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The di-leucine motif in the host defense peptide LL-37 is essential for initiation of autophagy in human macrophages.

Cell Rep

December 2024

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

The human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 induces autophagy in human macrophages. Different post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as citrullination, acetylation, and formylation impact LL-37, yet their effect on autophagy remains unknown. Thus, we set out to study how the cellular source could impact PTM of LL-37 and subsequent effects on autophagy initiation.

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Brain MRI volumetry and atrophy rating scales as predictors of amyloid status and eligibility for anti-amyloid treatment in a real-world memory clinic setting.

J Neurol

December 2024

Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.

Predicting amyloid status is crucial in light of upcoming disease-modifying therapies and the need to identify treatment-eligible patients with Alzheimer's disease. In our study, we aimed to predict CSF-amyloid status and eligibility for anti-amyloid treatment in a memory clinic by (I) comparing the performance of visual/automated rating scales and MRI volumetric analysis and (II) combining MRI volumetric data with neuropsychological tests and APOE4 status. Two hundred ninety patients underwent a comprehensive assessment.

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Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have long been challenging caused by the condition's rarity, low event rates, and diverse clinical presentations. However, recent advances in targeted therapies have sparked increased interest in HCM research. Despite this, designing effective RCTs remains complex, particularly in identifying clinically meaningful endpoints.

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Despite great societal efforts promoting female autonomy, Sweden still faces unmet contraceptive needs, with abortion rates being the highest in the Nordic countries. In this commentary, we discuss using non-daily contraception options to combat these unmet needs. Non-daily methods include transdermal (i.

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Evidence of Left Ventricular Cardiac Remodeling After 6 Weeks of Sprint Interval Training.

Scand J Med Sci Sports

December 2024

Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Sprint interval training (SIT) leads to similar improvements in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O) and maximal cardiac output as previously reported for traditional endurance training, but the exercise-induced effects on cardiac remodeling are still largely unknown. The aim of the current study was therefore to explore the effects of SIT on cardiac structure and function assessed by echocardiography in relation to, and controlling for, changes in both blood volume (BV) and heart rate (HR). Healthy men and women (n = 28) performed 6 weeks of SIT.

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Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is the second most frequent renal cancer subtype but has no indicated targeted treatments. MET inhibition may be a treatment for MET-driven pRCC, but there is a large group of non-MET-driven pRCC without targeted therapy. Activation of NRF2-ARE pathway has been suggested to be involved in pRCC.

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Clinical importance of patient-reported outcome measures in severe asthma: results from U-BIOPRED.

Health Qual Life Outcomes

December 2024

Department of Research and Development, Hornerheide 1, 6085 NM, Ciro, Horn, The Netherlands.

Rationale: Knowledge about the clinical importance of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in severe asthma is limited.

Objectives: To assess whether and to what extent asthma exacerbations affect changes in PROMS over time and asthma-specific PROMs can predict exacerbations in adult patients with severe asthma in usual care.

Methods: Data of 421 patients with severe asthma (62% female; mean age 51.

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Background: There is limited knowledge on long-term outcomes of tapering treatment for individuals with problematic use of prescription narcotics, including opioids and benzodiazepines. The overall aim of the study is to investigate clinical trajectories and treatment outcomes of patients seeking treatment in addiction care.

Methods: This paper presents the study protocol and baseline characteristics of a cohort of patients seeking treatment for problematic use of prescription narcotic drugs at specialized outpatient addiction services.

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ACSL3 is an unfavorable prognostic marker in cholangiocarcinoma patients and confers ferroptosis resistance in cholangiocarcinoma cells.

NPJ Precis Oncol

December 2024

Center of Excellence for Cancer and Inflammation, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a bile duct malignancy. Our previous comprehensive analysis showed that ferroptosis-related genes can stratify CCA patients into low-risk and high-risk groups based on survival time. Here, we explored the role of ferroptosis in CCA by analyzing mRNA expression in CCA patients from public databases.

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Background: Optimising management of second-trimester medical abortion is important, as complications increase with gestational age. We aimed to compare a 24-h interval with a 48-h interval between mifepristone intake and misoprostol administration in in-hospital, second-trimester medical abortion for effectiveness and acceptability.

Methods: This open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial was conducted at nine hospitals in India, Sweden, Thailand, and Viet Nam among adults undergoing medical abortion for a singleton viable pregnancy at a gestation of between 9 weeks and 20 weeks.

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Kidney Function, Kidney Function Decline, and the Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) Project.

Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg

December 2024

Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Objective: Low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) increases the risk of arterial diseases, possibly including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This study explored the relationship between eGFR (2008 CKD-EPI equation), annual eGFR decline, and subsequent risk of developing AAA in a large, community based sample.

Methods: This was an observational study using complete healthcare records of Stockholm residents free from AAA who underwent routine creatinine testing during 2011 - 2021.

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Promise and challenges of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in severe SLE.

Lancet Rheumatol

December 2024

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-17176, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology, and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine Solna, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. Electronic address:

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A novel clinical brain prognostic index for KRAS-mutated lung cancer and brain metastases (KRAS-BPI): Real-world evidence from two large European centers.

Lung Cancer

December 2024

Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medical Unit Head & Neck, Lung and Skin Cancer, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stockholm, Sweden; Thoracic Oncology Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stockholm, Sweden.

Introduction: Several prognostic scores were developed for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BM), though limited data reported for the KRAS-mutated subgroup. KRAS-targeted therapies have improved extracranial and intracranial response, highlighting the need for reliable prognostic biomarkers.

Methods: A retrospective cohort (2010-2020) comprising 220 patients with BM KRAS-mutated NSCLC from two large academic Thoracic Oncology centers (Karolinska and Heidelberg) was analyzed.

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A subpopulation of astrocytes expressing WD Repeat Domain 49 (WDR49) was recently identified in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with GRN pathogenic variants. This is the first study to investigate their expression and relation to pathology in other FTLD subtypes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a postmortem cohort of TDP-43 proteinopathies (12 GRN, 11 C9orf72, 9 sporadic TDP-43), tauopathies (13 MAPT, 8 sporadic tau), 10 AD, and four controls, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed for WDR49 and pathological inclusions on frontal, temporal, and occipital cortical sections.

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Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare cancer with variable disease course. To enable optimal care, centralization and consensus guidelines are essential. This study describes trends in the incidence, organization of care, surgical treatment, and outcomes of MTC over 30 years in the Netherlands.

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Biological brain age and resilience in cognitively unimpaired 70-year-old individuals.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.

Introduction: This study investigated the associations of brain age gap (BAG)-a biological marker of brain resilience-with life exposures, neuroimaging measures, biological processes, and cognitive function.

Methods: We derived BAG by subtracting predicted brain age from chronological age in 739 septuagenarians without dementia or neurological disorders. Robust linear regression models assessed BAG associations with life exposures, plasma inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration and vascular brain injury, and cognitive performance.

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