Preventive care for individuals with deep pressure ulcers in Sweden living at home: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Several factors exist regarding the risk for, healing and prevention of pressure ulcers (PUs). A mobile PU team with an individualized holistic approach adapted to the home or outpatient clinic setting could be beneficial for the prevention, and management of PUs.

Aims: To describe the mobile PU team's interventions among individuals who had deep PUs and were living at home.

First observation of a spawning mantle display in a European unionid mussel.

Freshwater bivalve mussels in the order Unionida are highly endangered ecosystem engineers with a parasitic lifecycle necessitating a fish host to metamorphose from larval glochidia to juvenile mussel. While many species are broadcast spawners and release a large number of glochidia into the water column, many other species have a variety of highly evolved lure mechanisms and mantle displays to attract hosts to ensure a more targeted infestation. Almost all lure mussels are found exclusively in North America, with only one European species () occasionally displaying a host attraction behaviour referred to as .

Self-Report Tool for Identification of Individuals With Coronary Atherosclerosis: The Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study.

Background: Coronary atherosclerosis detected by imaging is a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk. However, imaging involves large resources and exposure to radiation. The aim was, therefore, to test whether nonimaging data, specifically data that can be self-reported, could be used to identify individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis.

Spatial Optimization Methods for Malaria Risk Mapping in Sub-Saharan African Cities Using Demographic and Health Surveys.

Vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, are affected by the rapid urban growth and climate change in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this context, intra-urban malaria risk maps act as a key decision-making tool for targeting malaria control interventions, especially in resource-limited settings. The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) provide a consistent malaria data source for mapping malaria risk at the national scale, but their use is limited at the intra-urban scale because survey cluster coordinates are randomly displaced for ethical reasons.

Using pressure mapping intraoperatively to prevent pressure ulcers-A quasi-experimental study.

Background And Aim: Patients undergoing surgery are at high risk of developing pressure ulcers. However, pressure ulcer prevention in the operating room department is demanding and restricted. New techniques, such as continuous pressure mapping that visualizes interface pressure, are now available.

Systematic review reveals sexually antagonistic knockouts in model organisms.

Sexual antagonism is thought to be an important selective force in multiple evolutionary processes, but very few examples of the genes involved are known. Such a deficit of loci could partially be explained by the lack of overlap in terminology between scientific disciplines. Following a similar review in humans, we searched systematically for studies that described genes with sexually antagonistic or sex-opposite effects in any taxa, using terms designed to capture alternative descriptions of sexual antagonism.

Pandemic responses at the subnational level: Exploring politics, administration, and politicization in Swedish municipalities.

The Swedish response to the pandemic at the national level has attracted considerable international attention, but little focus has been placed on the way municipalities dealt with the crisis. Using Hay's dimensions of politicization, namely the capacity for human agency, deliberation in the public domain, and social context, we analyze the politicization of the municipal response to the pandemic in Sweden. We do this based on the analysis of the decision making process to activate (or not) an extraordinary crisis management committee.

Effects of initial leaching for estimates of mass loss and microbial decomposition-Call for an increased nuance.

Decomposition is essential to carbon, nutrient, and energy cycling among and within ecosystems. Several methods have been proposed for studying litter decomposition by using a standardized and commercially available substrate. One of these methods is the Tea Bag Index (TBI) which uses tea bags (green and rooibos tea) incubated for ~90 days.

Voters' view of leaders during the Covid-19 crisis: Quantitative analysis of keyword descriptions provides strength and direction of evaluations.

Objectives: Previous research suggests that governments usually gain support during crises such as the Covid-19. However, these findings are based on rating scales that only allow us to measure the strength of this support. This article proposes a new measure of how voters evaluate Prime Ministers (PM) by asking for descriptive keywords that are analyzed by natural language processing.

Biogeographic position and body size jointly set lower thermal limits of wandering spiders.

Most species encounter large variations in abiotic conditions along their distribution range. The physiological responses of most terrestrial ectotherms (such as insects and spiders) to clinal gradients of climate, and in particular gradients of temperature, can be the product of both phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation. This study aimed to determine how the biogeographic position of populations and the body size of individuals set the limits of cold (freezing) resistance of .

Desire to lose weight and need of weight loss support in the adult population-Results from a cross-sectional study in Sweden.

Objective: Evidence-based methods to lose weight are important in tackling increasing obesity trends in adult populations. More knowledge about persons who want to lose weight and do not/do need weight loss support is necessary to design effective preventive practices. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of desire to lose weight in the general population and the prevalence of health problems and health-related factors in persons with overweight or obesity who want to lose weight and believe that they do not/do need weight loss support.

Newly graduated registered nurses' self-assessed clinical competence and their need for further training.

Aim: To explore and describe changes in self-assessed clinical competence and the need for further training among newly graduated Registered Nurses during their first 15 months of professional work in acute care hospital settings.

Design: Quantitative longitudinal design.

Methods: The 50-item Professional Nurse Self-Assessment Scale of clinical core competencies II was used.

Healthcare professionals' perceptions of patient safety for the woman in childbirth in Sweden - An interview study.

Aim: To describe healthcare professionals' perceptions of patient safety with a focus on the woman in connection to childbirth.

Design: A descriptive and qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach.

Methods: Individual qualitative face-to-face interviews with 19 healthcare professionals (midwives, nursing assistants and physicians) were conducted in three labour wards in Sweden.

Impact of the Liverpool Care Pathway on quality end-of- care in residential care homes and home care-Nurses' perceptions.

Aim: Aim was to describe how Registered Nurses (RNs) and assistant nurses (ANs) working in residential care homes and home care perceived quality end-of-life care after implementation of the Liverpool Care Pathway (LCP) in terms of subjective importance of care aspects and actual care given.

Design: Descriptive cross-sectional.

Methods: Registered Nurses ( = 22; 100% response rate) and ANs ( = 120; 59% response rate) working in a Swedish municipality.

Operating theatre nurses' self-reported clinical competence in perioperative nursing: A mixed method study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate how operating theatre nurses (OTNs) self-rated their clinical competence and describe their experience of important factors for the development of clinical competence in perioperative nursing.

Design: A cross-sectional study with a mixed-method approach was chosen. Data were collected through a modified version of the questionnaire which was supplemented with an open-ended question.

Collaboration and Satisfaction About Care Decisions in Team questionnaire-Psychometric testing of the Norwegian version, and hospital healthcare personnel perceptions across hospital units.

Aim: To translate "The Collaboration and Satisfaction About Care Decisions in Team" questionnaire (CSACD-T) into Norwegian and test it for psychometric properties. The further aim was to describe and compare healthcare personnel's collaboration and satisfaction about team decision-making (TDM) across hospital units.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Responsibility for patient care in perioperative practice.

Aim: To obtain an understanding of operating theatre nurses' experiences of responsibility for patient care and safety in perioperative practice.

Design: A hermeneutic design were used.

Method: Data were collected during 2012 from 15 operating theatre nurses who participated in individual interviews.

Nurse anaesthetist students' experiences of patient dignity in perioperative practice-a hermeneutic study.

Aim: The aim of the study was to describe how nurse anaesthetist students experienced patient dignity in perioperative practice.

Design: A hermeneutical design and the critical incident technique were used to obtain experiences from practice.

Method: In the Autumn of 2015, after participating in a mandatory lecture on ethics, 23 nurse anaesthetist students reported their experiences and interpretation concerning violation and preservation of patients' dignity in the operating theatre.

Limited Effects of Set Shifting Training in Healthy Older Adults.

Our ability to flexibly shift between tasks or task sets declines in older age. As this decline may have adverse effects on everyday life of elderly people, it is of interest to study whether set shifting ability can be trained, and if training effects generalize to other cognitive tasks. Here, we report a randomized controlled trial where healthy older adults trained set shifting with three different set shifting tasks.

Season and Weather Effects on Travel-Related Mood and Travel Satisfaction.

This study examines the effects of season and weather on mood (valence and activation) and travel satisfaction (measured by the Satisfaction with Travel Scale). Analyses are presented of 562 time-sampled morning commutes to work made by 363 randomly sampled people in three different Swedish cities asking them to use smartphones to report their mood in their home before and directly after the commutes. These reports as well as satisfaction with the commute obtained in summer and winter are linked to weather data and analyzed by means of fixed-effects regression analyses.

Current Mood vs. Recalled Impacts of Current Moods after Exposures to Sequences of Uncertain Monetary Outcomes.

Events in a sequence may each be evaluated as good or bad. We propose that such good-bad evaluations evoke emotional responses that change current mood. A model of recurrent updating of current mood is developed and compared to a model of how a sequence of events evoking emotional responses is evaluated retrospectively.

Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy: An evaluation of therapies provided by trainees at a university psychotherapy training center.

At the psychotherapy training center at Karlstad University, a study was carried out to examine the levels of symptom change and satisfaction with therapy in a heterogeneous population of clients treated using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) by less experienced trainee therapists with limited theoretical education. The clients received an average of 11 therapy sessions. The results suggested that CBT performed by less experienced trainee therapists can be effective.

Measuring adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder using the Quantified Behavior Test Plus.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) occurs in approximately 5% of the adult population and includes cardinal symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity that may be difficult to identify with clinical routine methods. Continuous performance tests are objective measures of inattention and impulsivity that, combined with objective measures of motor activity, facilitate identification of ADHD among adults. The aim of the present study was to examine the sensitivity, specificity, and a composite measure of ADHD using objective measures of the ADHD-cardinal symptoms in adult participants with ADHD and non-ADHD normative participants.

Involving clients and their relatives and friends in psychiatric care: Case managers' experiences of training in resource group assertive community treatment.

The purpose of this project was to do a qualitative study of an integrated and flexible ACT model, the Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment (RACT), as seen from the perspective of case managers in training. The resource group normally consists of the client, the case manager and other available personnel in the medical and support areas, as well as family members. Nineteen theses were randomly chosen from a set of 80 theses written by a group of Swedish trainee case managers.