Tissue Reaction to Low-Density Polyacrylamide Gel as a Carrier for Microimplants in the Adipose Fin of Rainbow Trout.

The implantation of optical sensors is a promising method for monitoring physiological parameters of organisms in vivo. For this, suitable hydrogels are required that can provide a biocompatible interface with the organism's tissues. Amorphous hydrogel is advantageous for administration in animal organs due to its ease of injection compared to resilient analogs.

Copper and Nickel Induce Changes in the Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition of .

The effect of copper and nickel ions on the lipid composition of freshwater mussels was investigated using an aquarium experiment. The contents of the main lipid classes were determined using thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometry, and the fatty acid composition was analysed using gas-liquid chromatography. The results indicated that copper and nickel had different effects on the mussels' lipid composition, with copper producing less effect on the composition of lipids and fatty acids than nickel.

Dataset on body weight and length of rainbow trout, , fed with dihydroquercetin, arabinogalactan or a mixture of both in an aquaria experiment.

The use of natural dietary supplements in aquaculture has received a great deal of attention in recent years. This article provides data describing body weight and length of rainbow trout juveniles fed with natural dietary supplements dihydroquercetin, arabinogalactan or a mixture of both in an aquaria experiment. Before feeding trial, rainbow trout were tagged to identify individuals.

Mexican species of the genus Orthocentrus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae: Orthocentrinae).

The Mexican species of the genus Orthocentrus Gravenhorst are reviewed. Fortytwo species of the genus Orthocentrus are described as new: O. areolatus sp.

Correction to: The effect of (Cestoda: Bothriocephalidea) infection on some biochemical parameters of the liver of .

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01128-0.].

The effect of (Cestoda: Bothriocephalidea) infection on some biochemical parameters of the liver of .

Natural infection of 2 to 6-year-old perch with the cestode parasites was shown to have minor effects on the studied components of the antioxidant defense system, nucleic acids degradation, and carbohydrate metabolism enzymes in the liver of the fish. The level of infection of 1-4 parasite larvae per fish observed in wild population of perch was shown to be moderate in terms of its effect on the health of the host fish. The activity of hepatic enzymes β-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, cathepsin D, and glutathione S-transferase showed different responses in infected males and females, which indicates different potential resistance of fish to the stress exposure between genders.

The clinical significance of insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with early forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aim: To assess the presence of insulin resistance (IR) in non-diabetic patients with early forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) - liver steatosis (LS) and steatohepatitis (SH) of mild activity and the influence of IR on the clinical course of these diseases.

Materials And Methods: 134 patients with NAFLD were examined: 54 with LS and 80 with SH. The control group consisted of 37 healthy donors.

A simulated geomagnetic storm unsynchronizes with diurnal geomagnetic variation affecting calpain activity in roach and great pond snail.

It has been suggested that geomagnetic storms could be perceived by organisms via disruption of naturally occurring diurnal geomagnetic variation. This variation, in turn, is viewed by way of a zeitgeber for biological circadian rhythms. The biological effects of a geomagnetic storm, therefore, could depend on the local time of day when its main phase occurs.

Simple and Effective Administration and Visualization of Microparticles in the Circulatory System of Small Fishes Using Kidney Injection.

The systemic administration of micro-size particles into a living organism can be applied for vasculature visualization, drug and vaccine delivery, implantation of transgenic cells and tiny optical sensors. However, intravenous microinjections into small animals, which are mostly used in biological and veterinary laboratories, are very difficult and require trained personnel. Herein, we demonstrate a robust and efficient method for the introduction of microparticles into the circulatory system of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) by injection into the fish kidney.

Distribution of PEG-coated hollow polyelectrolyte microcapsules after introduction into the circulatory system and muscles of zebrafish.

The use of polyelectrolyte multilayer microcapsules as carriers for fluorescent molecular probes is a prospective technique for monitoring the physiological characteristics of animal vasculature and interstitial environment Polyelectrolyte microcapsules have many features that favor their use as implantable carriers of optical sensors, but little information is available on their interactions with complex living tissues, distribution or residence time following different routes of administration in the body of vertebrates. Using the common fish model, the zebrafish , we studied the distribution of non-biodegradable microcapsules covered with polyethylene glycol (PEG) over time in the adults and evaluated potential side effects of their delivery into the fish bloodstream and muscles. Fluorescent microcapsules administered into the bloodstream and interstitially (in concentrations that were sufficient for visualization and spectral signal recording) both showed negligible acute toxicity to the fishes during three weeks of observation.

New species of the genus Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Orthocentrinae) from the Neotropical Region.

The Neotropical species of the genus Gnathochorisis (Ichneumonidae: Orthocentrinae) are reviewed, seven species: G. enodis sp. nov.

Parallel monitoring of pH in gill capillaries and muscles of fishes using microencapsulated biomarkers.

Tracking physiological parameters in different organs within the same organism simultaneously and in real time can provide an outstanding representation of the organism's physiological status. The state-of-the-art technique of using encapsulated fluorescent molecular probes (microencapsulated biomarkers) is a unique tool that can serve as a platform for the development of new methods to obtain physiological measurements and is applicable to a broad range of organisms. Here, we describe a novel technique to monitor the pH of blood inside the gill capillaries and interstitial fluid of muscles by using microencapsulated biomarkers in a zebrafish model.

Skeletal muscle protease activities in the early growth and development of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

Growth-related dynamics of intracellular protease activities in four year classes of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L. 1758) parr and smolts inhabiting salmon rivers of northwestern Russia (the White Sea basin) were studied. Cathepsin B, cathepsin D, proteasome, and calpain activities in the skeletal muscles of salmon were assessed to investigate their relative contribution to the total protein degradation as well as to young fish growth process.

Protein degradation systems in the skeletal muscles of parr and smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. and brown trout Salmo trutta L.

Although protein degradation limits the rate of muscle growth in fish, the role of proteolytic systems responsible for degrading myofibrillar proteins in skeletal muscle is not well defined. The study herein aims to evaluate the role of calpains (calcium-activated proteases) and proteasomes (ATP-dependent proteases) in mediating muscle protein turnover at different life stages in wild salmonids. Protease activities were estimated in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.

Does the membrane pacemaker theory of metabolism explain the size dependence of metabolic rate in marine mussels?

According to the membrane pacemaker theory of metabolism (MPT), allometric scaling of metabolic rate in animals is determined by the composition of cellular and mitochondrial membranes, which changes with body size in a predictable manner. MPT has been elaborated from interspecific comparisons in mammals. It projects that the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids decreases in larger organisms, thereby lowering ion permeability of the membranes and making cellular, and thus whole-animal metabolism more efficient.

Remote in vivo stress assessment of aquatic animals with microencapsulated biomarkers for environmental monitoring.

Remote in vivo scanning of physiological parameters is a major trend in the development of new tools for the fields of medicine and animal physiology. For this purpose, a variety of implantable optical micro- and nanosensors have been designed for potential medical applications. At the same time, the important area of environmental sciences has been neglected in the development of techniques for remote physiological measurements.

[The spa-health resort and touristic-recreational facilities of the region: the methodological aspects of their development].

Unlabelled: The correction and optimization of the motor activity of the patients are currently the main priorities of all rehabilitative and recreational activities based at the spa and health resort facilities. The forms of such activities include walking tours and excursion trips. In other words, the excursion potential is one of the very important attributes of the recreational recourses.

Reconstruction of the carbon balance for microsites in a boreal oligotrophic pine fen, Finland.

 Carbon dioxide (CO) exchange was studied at flark (minerotrophic hollow), lawn and hummock microsites in an oligotrophic boreal pine fen. Statistical response functions were constructed for the microsites in order to reconstruct the annual CO exchange balance from climate data. Carbon accumulation was estimated from the annual net CO exchange, methane (CH) emissions and leaching of carbon.