Association of Serum Bile Acids Profile and Pathway Dysregulation With the Risk of Developing Diabetes Among Normoglycemic Chinese Adults: Findings From the 4C Study.

Objective: Comprehensive assessment of serum bile acids (BAs) aberrations before diabetes onset remains inconclusive. We examined the association of serum BA profile and coregulation with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among normoglycemic Chinese adults.

Research Design And Methods: We tested 23 serum BA species in subjects with incident diabetes ( = 1,707) and control subjects ( = 1,707) matched by propensity score (including age, sex, BMI, and fasting glucose) from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study, which was composed of 54,807 normoglycemic Chinese adults with a median follow-up of 3.

Perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic: Evidence from the general Chinese population.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by novel coronavirus 2019. Many individuals suffered psychological symptoms in the early stage when the epidemic was uncertain. We explored the perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic.

Age at menarche, ideal cardiovascular health metrics, and risk of diabetes in adulthood: Findings from the REACTION study.

Background: Age at menarche was reported to be associated with the risk of diabetes. However, the impact of ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHMs) on the association between age at menarche and adulthood diabetes risk was unclear.

Methods: We included 121 431 women from the nationwide, population-based cohort of the REACTION study (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals: a Longitudinal Study).

The mental state and risk factors of Chinese medical staff and medical students in early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mental state of medical staff and medical students in the early stages of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, as well as analyze the risk factors of serious mental illness (SMI), so as to provide a scientific basis for further psychological intervention and management.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from February 2-7, 2020. The Kessler 6 Psychological Distress Scale and a general information questionnaire were administered on-line to a convenience sample of 548 medical staff and medical students in China.

Coping style, social support and psychological distress in the general Chinese population in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological status of the general population in mainland China during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to explore the factors influencing psychological distress, in order to provide the basis for further psychological intervention programs.

Methods: We administered three questionnaires on-line to a convenience sample of the general population from different regions of mainland China from February 1 to February 4, 2020. We used the Mandarin versions of the six-item Kessler psychological distress scale (K6), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS).

Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes Between Traditional Longitudinal Incision and Bikini Incision in Total Hip Arthroplasty via Direct Anterior Approach: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare a traditional longitudinal incision to an oblique "bikini" incision during total hip arthroplasty (THA) via direct anterior approach (DAA), in terms of the aesthetic appearance of the scar, postoperative functional recovery, and complications.

Methods: This study is a single-surgeon experience in the Chinese population. Patients who came to our institute needing a THA via DAA were enrolled in our randomized controlled trial and randomly allocated to undergo traditional longitudinal incision (control) or bikini incision.

Gender and age differences in the association between sleep characteristics and fasting glucose levels in Chinese adults.

Aim: The present study examined the associations between night-time sleep duration, midday napping duration and bedtime, and fasting glucose levels, and whether or not such associations are dependent on gender and age.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 172,901 adults aged≥40 years living in mainland China. Sleep duration was obtained by self-reports of bedtime at night, waking-up time the next morning and average napping duration at midday.

Individual and Combined Associations of Modifiable Lifestyle and Metabolic Health Status With New-Onset Diabetes and Major Cardiovascular Events: The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study.

Objective: We aimed to determine the individual and combined associations of lifestyle and metabolic factors with new-onset diabetes and major cardiovascular events among a Chinese population aged ≥40 years.

Research Design And Methods: Baseline lifestyle information, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glycemic status were obtained in a nationwide, multicenter, prospective study of 170,240 participants. During the up to 5 years of follow-up, we detected 7,847 individuals with new-onset diabetes according to the American Diabetes Association 2010 criteria and 3,520 cardiovascular events, including cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and hospitalized or treated heart failure.

Early Life Famine Exposure, Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics, and Risk of Incident Diabetes: Findings From the 4C Study.

Objective: We aim to investigate the impact of ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHMs) on the association between famine exposure and adulthood diabetes risk.

Research Design And Methods: This study included 77,925 participants from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study who were born around the time of the Chinese Great Famine and free of diabetes at baseline. They were divided into three famine exposure groups according to the birth year, including nonexposed (1963-1974), fetal exposed (1959-1962), and childhood exposed (1949-1958).

The psychological distress and coping styles in the early stages of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic in the general mainland Chinese population: A web-based survey.

As the epidemic outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), general population may experience psychological distress. Evidence has suggested that negative coping styles may be related to subsequent mental illness. Therefore, we investigate the general population's psychological distress and coping styles in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak.

Baduanjin mind-body exercise improves logical memory in long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial.

Neurocognitive impairment is one of the core symptoms in schizophrenia and poses a great challenge to effective treatment. Sixty-one long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: Baduanjin exercise and brisk walking. Patients in the Baduanjin group received 24 weeks of Baduanjin training (5 days/week, 40 min/day), while patients in the brisk walking group received 24 weeks of brisk walking (5 days/week, 40 min/day).

Early-Life Famine Exposure and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Later Life: Findings From the REACTION Study.

Background Previous studies reported that early-life exposure to undernutrition is associated with the risk of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in adulthood, but the association with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life remains unclear. The current study aimed to investigate whether exposure to Chinese famine in early life is associated with risk of CVD. Methods and Results We used data from REACTION (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals: A Longitudinal Study), which recruited a total of 259 657 community-dwelling adults aged 40 years or older from 25 centers across mainland China between 2011 and 2012.

Association of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction with incident diabetes among adults in China: a nationwide, population-based, prospective cohort study.

Background: National investigations on the interaction of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and obesity with the development of diabetes are scarce in China. We aimed to investigate the individual and joint associations of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction with incident diabetes, and to examine the modifying effect of BMI and waist circumference on these associations among adults with normal glucose tolerance and with prediabetes.

Methods: In this nationwide, population-based, prospective cohort study, we analysed data from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study, which recruited adults aged 40 years or older during 2011-12 (baseline) and invited participants to attend follow-up visits in 2014-16.

A core collection of pan-schizophrenia genes allows building cohort-specific signatures of affected brain.

To investigate whether pan-schizophrenia genes could be leveraged for building cohort-specific signatures reflecting the functioning of the affected brain, we first collected 1,518 schizophrenia-related genes upon analysis of 12,316 independent peer-reviewed literature sources. More than half of these genes have been reported in at least 3 independent studies, and a majority (81.4%) were enriched within 156 functional pathways (p-values < 1e-15).

Repeated ketamine injections in synergy with antidepressants for treating refractory depression: A case showing 6-month improvement.

What Is Known And Objective: Some patients with refractory depression who fail to respond to rapid injection of standard-dose ketamine are injected with high doses, but the safety and efficacy of this practice are unclear.

Case Description: A 57-year-old woman with refractory depression whose symptoms did not improve after 20-seconds intravenous injection of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine went into remission following eight, 1-minute intravenous injections of 1 mg/kg ketamine delivered over a 4-week period.

Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Prediabetes and Diabetes.

Importance: Whether optimal cardiovascular health metrics may counteract the risk of cardiovascular events among patients with prediabetes or diabetes is unclear.

Objective: To investigate the associations of ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHMs) with subsequent development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among participants with prediabetes or diabetes as compared with participants with normal glucose regulation.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study was a nationwide, population-based, prospective cohort study of 20 communities from various geographic regions in China.

Association between birth weight and diabetes: Role of body mass index and lifestyle in later life.

Background: This study investigated the association between birth weight and diabetes in a Chinese population, and the effects of body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors in later life on this association.

Methods: Data from 49 118 participants aged ≥40 years with recalled birth weight from the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal (REACTION) study, a nationwide population-based cohort, were used. Diabetes diagnosis was based on oral glucose tolerance tests and HbA1c measurements.

Predictive Value of Fasting Glucose, Postload Glucose, and Hemoglobin A on Risk of Diabetes and Complications in Chinese Adults.

Objective: Uncertainty remains regarding the predictive value of various glycemic measures as they relate to the risk of diabetes and its complications. Using the cutoffs recommended by the American Diabetes Association's 2010 criteria, we determined the associations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h postload glucose (2h-PG), and HbA with the outcomes.

Research Design And Methods: Baseline medical history, FPG, 2h-PG, and HbA were obtained from a population-based cohort of 193,846 adults aged ≥40 years in China during 2011-2012.

Efficacy of Single-Shot Adductor Canal Block Combined With Posterior Capsular Infiltration on Postoperative Pain and Functional Outcome After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Adductor canal block (ACB) may preserve muscle strength and promote faster recovery than other methods of analgesia following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there are contradictory reports on the efficacy of ACB. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of single-shot ACB combined with posterior capsular infiltration (PCI) vs multimodal periarticular infiltration analgesia in treating postoperative pain.

Minocycline as adjunct therapy for a male patient with deficit schizophrenia.

The pathophysiology of schizophrenia may involve increased production of inflammatory cytokines by activated microglia. Minocycline can inhibit activated microglia and may improve secondary negative symptoms and/or cognitive functions when used as adjuvant to antipsychotics. Effects on minocycline on primary and enduring negative symptoms in deficit schizophrenia (DS) are unknown.

Integrative computational evaluation of genetic markers for Alzheimer's disease.

Recent studies have reported hundreds of genes linked to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, many of these candidate genes may be not identified in different studies when analyses were replicated. Moreover, results could be controversial.

Association between smoking and glycemic control in diabetic patients: Results from the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: A lONgitudinal (REACTION) study.

Background: A number of primary studies suggested that active smoking could be independently associated with incident diabetes. However less is known about the effect of active smoking and smoking cessation on glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of active smoking and smoking cessation with glycemic control in diabetic patients.

Case report of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in a middle-aged woman with a long history of major depressive disorder.

Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disease involving antibodies against the NR1 subunits of NMDARs. The disease shows variable clinical presentation, and involves new-onset acute psychotic symptoms, making it difficult to differentiate from major depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms. Potential associations between this autoimmune disorder and onset or progression of major depressive disorder remains unclear.