Antibiotic Resistance and Bacteria in Urinary Tract Infections in Pediatric Patients.

Objective: Antibiotic resistance against bacterial pathogens associated with urinary tract infections (UTI) is rapidly increasing worldwide. In this study, we aimed at determining the causative microorganisms in children under 17 years of age diagnosed with UTI in our hospital and the antibiotic resistance rates of these causes.

Methods: We isolated and retrospectively analyzed 4801 urine samples of children under 17 years old who presented with bacterial growth in their urine cultures.

Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in the West Black Sea region, Turkey.

The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to establish screening criteria for our region. Data on 330 infants with gestational age at birth < or = 34 weeks were analyzed retrospectively for a ROP diagnosis and risk factors. Infants with type 1 ROP were treated with argon laser photocoagulation.

Leptin receptor gene Gln223Arg polymorphism is not associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in Turkish children.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between leptin receptor gene (LEPR) Gln223Arg polymorphism and obesity in Turkish children. Ninety-two obese and 99 lean children (between 5-15 years) were included in the study. Twenty-three of the obese children were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome.

Traumatic internal carotid artery dissection associated with playing soccer: a case report.

Soccer, one of the most popular sports worldwide among young men, can result in a wide range of orthopedic injuries. Although vascular injuries such as dissection occur rarely, they can cause significant mortality if left undiagnosed. We report herein a 31-year-old male who suffered a large middle cerebral artery infarction due to traumatic internal carotid artery dissection after a ball struck his head and neck.

Secondary or new compensatory head posture after Anderson-Kestenbaum surgery.

Purpose: To report clinical findings and surgical management of 4 patients with congenital nystagmus who presented with a new or reversal of their original horizontal compensatory head posture (CHP) after Anderson-Kestenbaum (A-K) surgery.

Method: Retrospective chart review.

Results: All 4 patients demonstrated a 40°-45° horizontal face turn at the time of their initial surgery and 3 underwent 20% and one 30% augmented A-K surgery to correct the CHP.

The effect of atorvastatin and its role on systemic cytokine network in treatment of acute experimental colitis.

Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by disabilities in gastrointestinal system and defects in mucosal immune system. Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor and are used to treat hypercholesterolemia in patients with coronary artery and atherosclerotic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that statins have immunomodulatory role by effecting different pathways in immune system.

Accuracy of positron emission tomography in mediastinal node assessment in coal workers with lung cancer.

The purpose of this study was to explore the accuracy of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the assessment of mediastinal lymph node in coal workers who had non-small cell lung cancer. We retrospectively reviewed 42 retired coal workers who had lung cancer without distant metastasis, between May 2007 and May 2010. Regarding the mediastinal lymph nodes, when the standard uptake value was greater than 2.

[Causative agents of intravenous catheter-related infections and their antibiotic susceptibilities].

Intravenous catheterization can lead to colonization as well as a broad spectrum of infections ranging from catheter site infections to catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSIs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of causative agents and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in CRBSIs and catheter site infections along with the colonization rates and colonizing microorganisms in Zonguldak Karaelmas University Hospital, Turkey. The results of cultures from catheter tips and/or intracatheter blood cultures and simultaneously taken peripheral blood cultures were sent to medical microbiology laboratory and were retrospectively investigated for 201 patients hospitalized between September 2007 and September 2009.

Functional outcomes of multilevel botulinum toxin and comprehensive rehabilitation in cerebral palsy.

The objective of this study was to measure the effect of lower extremity multilevel botulinum toxin A injections and comprehensive rehabilitation on spasticity and to determine the functional gains in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. Sixteen ambulatory children with spastic cerebral palsy (9 hemiplegic, 7 diplegic), aged between 3 and 8 years, who were able to walk with or without assistance (Gross Motor Functional Classification System I-III) were recruited to the study. Botulinum toxin A injections were applied to a total of 23 extremities, followed by a comprehensive rehabilitation program.

Psychological status and patient-assessed health instruments in ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: Determination of the relationships between disease and psychological status in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is needed for clinical assessment and management, as well as selection and monitoring of AS patients for biological therapy.

Objective: The study aimed to describe associations between self-reported health status and psychological factors in AS patients and to compare the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) profiles of the AS patients and the control subjects.

Methods: Disease status was determined through the Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), and the Bath AS Metrology Index (BASMI).

Mollaret meningitis: a case report.

Mollaret meningitis is characterized by three or more episodes of benign recurrent aseptic meningitis in which symptoms and signs resolve spontaneously within two to five days. Severe headache with an acute onset, fever and meningismus are the main clinical features. We report a case of Mollaret meningitis in a seven-year-old girl who presented with four aseptic meningitis episodes in one year.

Unilateral isolated abducens nerve paralysis: an unexpected complication of frontal mucocele.

Although paranasal sinus mucoceles are benign lesions, they are important because of the destruction they form in the bone structure in sinus wall. They are observed most frequently in frontal sinus; especially at this location, they may cause serious pathologic lesions in the neighboring structures as the orbit and cranium. Paranasal sinus mucoceles can be treated with open or closed endoscopic surgical methods.

Fournier's gangrene: overview of prognostic factors and definition of new prognostic parameter.

Objectives: To identify the prognostic factors and the new parameters that might predict a worse outcome in nonsurvivors compared with survivors of Fournier's gangrene (FG) and evaluated the validity of the Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index (FGSI) in patients with FG.

Methods: The medical records of 18 patients with FG who were treated and followed up in our clinic were reviewed. Data were collected in terms of medical history, symptoms, and physical examination findings.

Universal markers of thyroid malignancies: galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19.

Difficulties in diagnosis of thyroid lesions, even with histologic analysis, are well known. This study has been carried on to evaluate the role of immunohistochemical markers including galectin-3, Hector Battifora mesothelial cell-1 (HBME-1), and cytokeratin-19 in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The expressions of galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were tested in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 458 surgically resected thyroid lesions including non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions.

The effect of treatment with montelukast on levels of serum interleukin-10, eosinophil cationic protein, blood eosinophil counts, and clinical parameters in children with asthma.

Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine. IL-10 levels are reduced in asthmatic airways. A regulatory mechanism involving IL-4 induced allergen-specific IL-10 production may be defective in allergic subjects, and this defect potentially contributes to more intense inflammation.

Acute tetraventricular hydrocephalus caused by mumps meningoencephalitis in a child.

Mumps is one of the common causes of childhood aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Although central nervous system involvement is a common manifestation, hydrocephalus is a very rare complication of mumps, with just a few cases reported in the literature to date. Here we report on an 8-year-old boy with acute tetraventricular hydrocephalus caused by mumps meningoencephalitis and treated by external ventricular drainage and following ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (uterus didelphys, blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis) - a case report.

Uterovaginal duplication with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis is referred to as the Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome. A 17 year old woman presented with right pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea, present since menarche at 13 and worsening over the past year. Ultrasound examination revealed a right pelvic mass (5×5 cm), double endometrial echoes, and hematocolpos.

Gliosarcoma with chondroblastic osteosarcomatous differentation: report of two case with clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features.

Gliosarcoma is a rare tumor of the central nervous system characterized by a biphasic histological pattern. Our objective is to describe clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features of two cases of gliosarcoma with chondroblastic osteosarcomatous differentiation and to discuss its pathogenetic mechanisms. CASE 1: A 52- year-old male patient underwent parietal craniotomy due to anaplastic ependymoma.

Coenzyme Q10 treatment reduces lipid peroxidation, inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthases, and germ cell-specific apoptosis in a rat model of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury.

In this experimental study, we assessed the preventive effects of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion injury. The results of this study show that CoQ(10) administration before the reperfusion period of testicular torsion provides a significant decrease in testicular lipid peroxidation products and expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and germ cell-specific apoptosis.

Use of cyanoacrylate glue for the closure of uterine incisions.

Closure of uterine incisions in a variety of gynecological procedures, specifically in myomectomy operations, is associated with significant hemorrhage. Excessive suturing to control bleeding may have negative effects on wound healing and might increase peritoneal adhesions. Moreover, difficulty of handling uterine tissue in laparoscopic procedures is not only a factor for suboptimal closure and inadequate control of bleeding but also a significant factor for surgeons for choosing laparotomy over laparoscopic approach.

Effectiveness of dexmedetomidine in reducing bleeding during septoplasty and tympanoplasty operations.

Study Objective: To determine the effect of dexmedetomidine on intraoperative bleeding during septoplasty and tympanoplasty operations.

Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Setting: Univesity medical center.

Community-acquired infection due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a rare cause of septic arthritis.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important nosocomial pathogen in hospitalized patients, particularly those with prior broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy. The microorganism mainly infects severely ill, debilitated patients and is most frequent in immunocompromised hosts. A prominent feature of this organism is its resistance to multiple antibiotics including beta-lactam agents, carbapenems and aminoglycosides.

Microphthalmos: clinical and ultrasonographic findings.

We analyzed ocular and ultrasonographic findings of microphthalmos and associated ocular and systemic pathologies in 27 microphthalmic eyes. A high incidence of consanguinous marriages (26%) was present among the parents of patients. Associated systemic abnormalities were growth retardation, congenital rubella, cleft lip and palate, facial hemangioma, inguinal hernia, clinodactyly, Hurler syndrome, Goltz-Gorlin syndrome and Hallermann-Streiff syndrome.

Comparison of satisfaction and pain relief between patients-controlled analgesia and interval analgesia after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.

Preoperative and postoperative psychological factors, postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, treatment satisfaction were compared in patients treated with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) or intramuscular analgesics after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. Thirty-one women with laparoscopically operated benign ovarian cysts were recruited in Zonguldak Karaelmas University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Postoperatively sixteen women received morphine delivered by IV-PCA pump system and 15 women were prescribed another opioid (meperidine) intramuscularly.