A Comparative Study on Patient Safety Awareness Between Medical School Freshmen and Age-Matched Individuals.

: To provide more effective pregraduate patient safety education, understanding medical students' perceptions of patient safety before pregraduate patient safety education is necessary. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine patient safety awareness among medical students at the time of admission and compare it with that among controls. : In the 2019 academic year, 132 medical school freshmen enrolled at Teikyo University and 166 age-matched, non-medical students enrolled at an affiliated institution within the Teikyo University organization were surveyed using an anonymous and self-administered questionnaire.

Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection for obese patients with rectal cancer.

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the risk factors for anastomotic leakage (AL) after low anterior resection (LAR) in obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m) with rectal cancer.

Methods: Data were collected from four hundred two obese patients who underwent LAR for rectal cancer in 51 institutions.

Results: Forty-six (11.

Clinical characteristics of immunoglobulin IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis: Comparison of cases with and without autoimmune pancreatitis in a large cohort.

Background: The clinical characteristics of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) especially without autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) have not been investigated in a large cohort.

Aims: To clarify the clinical characteristics of IgG4-SC and IgG4-SC without AIP.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed imaging, serology, other organ involvement (OOI) and histology of 872 patients with IgG4-SC who participated in a Japanese nationwide survey in 2019, and compared these items between IgG4-SC with and without AIP.

Long-term safety and efficacy of alogliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 3-year prospective, controlled, observational study (J-BRAND Registry).

Introduction: Given an increasing use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the real-world setting, we conducted a prospective observational study (Japan-based Clinical Research Network for Diabetes Registry: J-BRAND Registry) to elucidate the safety and efficacy profile of long-term usage of alogliptin.

Research Design And Methods: We registered 5969 patients from April 2012 through September 2014, who started receiving alogliptin (group A) or other classes of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs; group B), and were followed for 3 years at 239 sites nationwide. Safety was the primary outcome.

[Multicenter Survey of the Display Air Kerma and Actual Measured Values in IVR X-ray Apparatus].

Purpose: We conducted a multicenter study to investigate the current status of difference between the actual values at the patient entrance reference point (PERP) and display air kerma.

Methods: We exposure dose and fluoroscopy dose were measured by 32 apparatuses at 32 member institutions of the Japanese Society of Circulation Imaging Technology (CITEC) under unified conditions, and the actual measured values and display air kerma were compared. We entrance doses during fluoroscopy and imaging were measured at the PERP, with focus detector distance (FDD) 110 cm, a copper plate of 3.

Investigation of the Local Recurrence Rate after Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: Is Incomplete Polyp Resection Really a Clinically Important Problem? Analysis of the Rationale for the "Resect and Discard" Strategy.

Background/aims: The "Resect and Discard" strategy is a potentially useful strategy. At present, only the lesion size and accuracy of diagnosis are cited as considerations for clinical adoption of this strategy. On the other hand, histopathology of the resected specimens after Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) reveals often an unclear or positive-margin status, implying Incomplete Polyp Resection (IPR).

Clinical features of isolated proximal-type immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis.

Background And Aim: Immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) presents as isolated proximal-type sclerosing cholangitis (i-SC). The present study sought to clarify the imaging differences between i-SC and Klatskin tumor. Differences between i-SC and IgG4-SC associated with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP-SC) were also studied.

New microwave ablation system for unresectable liver tumors that forms large, spherical ablation zones.

Background And Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a new microwave ablation (MWA) system, the Emprint Ablation System, for the ablation of unresectable large liver tumors (≥ 30 mm).

Methods: Twenty-one hepatic tumors (mean diameter, 34.7 mm) from 21 patients who underwent percutaneous MWA were included in this cross-sectional study.

The effect of a behavioral activation program on improving mental and physical health complaints associated with radiation stress among mothers in Fukushima: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Mothers living with small children in Fukushima prefecture may experience radiation anxiety and related symptoms after the Fukushima Dai'ich Nuclear Power Plant Accident. A behavioral activation (BA) program was developed to improve their psychosomatic symptoms. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effectiveness of a BA program for improving psychological distress and physical symptoms among mothers with preschool children in Fukushima-prefecture 3 years after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.

Anxiety and depression in patients after surgery for head and neck cancer in Japan.

Objective: The present study sought to examine the impact of physical symptoms, facial disfigurement, adequacy of preoperative information, and social support on anxiety and depression in Japanese patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) who had undergone surgery.

Method: A cross-sectional study with 194 patients was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. This instruments included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Head and Neck cancer module (QLQ-H&N35), and a Social Support Scale developed by Okabayashi et al.

TP53 mutation at early stage of colorectal cancer progression from two types of laterally spreading tumors.

Although most sporadic colorectal cancers (CRC) are thought to develop from protruded adenomas through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, some CRC develop through flat lesions, so-called laterally spreading tumors (LST). We previously analyzed epigenetic aberrations in LST and found that LST are clearly classified into two molecular subtypes: intermediate-methylation with KRAS mutation and low-methylation with absence of oncogene mutation. Intermediate-methylation LST were mostly granular type LST (LST-G) and low-methylation LST were mostly non-granular LST (LST-NG).

Metformin for chemoprevention of metachronous colorectal adenoma or polyps in post-polypectomy patients without diabetes: a multicentre double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised phase 3 trial.

Background: The prevalence of, and mortality from, colorectal cancer is increasing worldwide, and new strategies for prevention are needed to reduce the burden of this disease. The oral diabetes medicine metformin might have chemopreventive effects against cancer, including colorectal cancer. However, no clinical trial data exist for the use of metformin for colorectal cancer chemoprevention.

[Autoimmune hemolytic anemia with normal serum lactate dehydrogenase level].

We herein report two cases of AIHA (autoimmune hemolytic anemia), a 25-year-old woman and a 77-year-old man, who presented with normal serum LDH values. Though in these two cases, low hemoglobin and haptoglobin, high total bilirubin and positive direct Coombs' test results led to the diagnosis of AIHA, both patients had normal LDH levels (218 and 187 IU/l). Both cases were successfully treated with prednisone.

Genetic and epigenetic aberrations occurring in colorectal tumors associated with serrated pathway.

To clarify molecular alterations in serrated pathway of colorectal cancer (CRC), we performed epigenetic and genetic analyses in sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/P), traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) and high-methylation CRC. The methylation levels of six Group-1 and 14 Group-2 markers, established in our previous studies, were analyzed quantitatively using pyrosequencing. Subsequently, we performed targeted exon sequencing analyses of 126 candidate driver genes and examined molecular alterations that are associated with cancer development.

Clinical value of capsule endoscopy for detecting small bowel lesions in patients with intestinal Behçet's disease.

Background And Aim: To evaluate the clinical value of capsule endoscopy (CE) in patients with intestinal Behçet's disease (BD).

Methods: The present study was a case-control pilot study conducted in intestinal BD patients and healthy volunteers. A total of 19 patients with intestinal BD (intestinal BD group) and 19 healthy volunteers (control group) matched for age and sex were enrolled.

Subsequent vascular events after ischemic stroke: the Japan Statin Treatment Against Recurrent Stroke-Longitudinal.

Background: We undertook a multicenter cohort observational study to investigate the frequency and type of subsequent vascular events after an ischemic stroke and to compare the rates of vascular events between patients with and without hyperlipidemia.

Methods: This nationwide study was conducted in 19 hospitals participating in the Japan Standard Stroke Registry Study. We enrolled ischemic stroke patients, including those with a transient ischemic attack, who had not experienced any vascular events before enrollment after their ischemic stroke events.

Macroscopic type is a prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival after resection of gastric GIST.

Background: Accurate evaluation of the biological behavior of Gastrointestinal stromal tumor and careful selection of patients with a high risk for tumor recurrence are necessary. In the present study, we analyzed prognostic factors in patients with GIST.

Patients And Methods: A total of 214 patients who had undergone curative resection of a localized primary gastric GIST without adjuvant therapy were enrolled in this retrospective study.

A case of scleredema adultorum successfully treated with narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy.

Scleredema adultorum, also known as scleredema of Buschke, is a rare connective tissue disease with unknown etiology, which is characterized by diffuse skin induration of face, neck, upper chest, back, shoulders and arms. Although there is no established treatment for this disease, the efficacy of phototherapy has been reported. We herein describe a case of scleredema adultorum successfully treated with narrow-band ultraviolet B and discuss a potential mechanism explaining its efficacy for fibrotic skin diseases.

Comparison of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation and chemotherapy as postremission treatment in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission.

Unlabelled: Randomized trials of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1) showed that autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) improves relapse-free survival (RFS) but not overall survival (OS), compared with chemotherapy. Using a database of 2518 adult patients with AML in CR1, we conducted a 5-month landmark analysis and found that auto-HCT improves 3-year RFS but not OS compared with chemotherapy.

Introduction: A number of randomized trials in patients with AML in CR1 have been conducted and they showed that auto-HCT improves RFS but not OS, compared with chemotherapy.

Prospective controlled study on the effects of polyethylene glycol in capsule endoscopy.

Aim: To prospectively confirm whether a small amount of polyethylene glycol (PEG) ingested after swallowing endoscopy capsule improves image quality and completion rate.

Methods: Forty-four consecutive patients referred to us for capsule endoscopy (CE) were randomized to two groups. All patients were restricted to clear fluids for 12 h before the examination.