Online grocery purchasing in Mississippi: associations with broadband, rurality, and household characteristics.

Introduction: This study investigates the sociodemographic, economic, and area characteristics associated with Online Grocery Purchasing (OGP) use among adult residents of Mississippi. Understanding these factors is important in a largely rural and low-income state to address barriers and enhance accessibility.

Methods: Data were collected from a 2022 online pilot survey ( = 398) and secondary sources.

DISCOntinuation of disease-modifying therapies in MS: The DISCOMS extension trial.

Background: In the DISCOMS (DISCOntinuation of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS)) randomized clinical trial, we could not demonstrate that discontinuing MS DMTs in older, stable adults was not inferior to continuing DMTs. Relapses were rare in both groups, and most new disease activity was one to two new brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions unassociated with clinical changes.

Objective/aims: Describe results of the DISCOMS extension study.

Population genomics of premature termination codons in cavefish with substantial trait loss.

Loss-of-function alleles are a pertinent source of genetic variation with the potential to contribute to adaptation. Cave-adapted organisms exhibit striking loss of ancestral traits such as eyes and pigment, suggesting that loss-of-function alleles may play an outsized role in these systems. Here, we leverage 141 whole genome sequences to evaluate the evolutionary history and adaptive potential of single nucleotide premature termination codons (PTCs) in Mexican tetra.

Evaluation of the Current Knowledge Base of Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations in the Transgender Population at an Academic Medical Center.

Health care disparities within the LGBTQIA+ community are readily apparent. Guidelines have been published regarding breast cancer screening for transgender individuals. Uptake of these recommendations is widely unknown.

Non-linear enhancement of ultrafast X-ray diffraction through transient resonances.

Diffraction-before-destruction imaging with ultrashort X-ray pulses can visualize non-equilibrium processes, such as chemical reactions, with sub-femtosecond precision in the native environment. Here, a nanospecimen diffracts a single X-ray flash before it disintegrates. The sample structure can be reconstructed from the coherent diffraction image (CDI).

Performance on the Concussion Balance Test Is Indicative of Time to Recovery in Athletes Following Sports-Related Concussion: An Exploratory Analysis.

Objective: Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are commonly occurring injuries among athletic and recreationally active populations. SRCs can result in vestibular dysfunction that should resolve before returning to activity. It has been suggested that vestibular impairment is a factor that may influence recovery time.

Test-Retest Reliability and Reliable Change Estimates for Sensorimotor Concussion Assessments in Healthy Young Adults.

Context: Sensorimotor impairments are common sequela following concussion, but recovery following a concussion is often determined through examiner scored clinical testing. There are emerging technologies that provide objective methods to determine physiological impairment after concussion, but the psychometrics of these tools are lacking and must be established for use in clinical practice.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability and provide reliable change estimates in healthy young adults for outcomes from 3 emerging technologies providing objective assessments of sensorimotor function in healthy young adults.

Using Community Engagement to Create a Telecoaching Intervention to Improve Self-Management in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: Qualitative Study.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk for deviating from their daily treatment regimen due to significant time burden, complicated daily therapies, and life stressors. Developing patient-centric, effective, engaging, and practical behavioral interventions is vital to help sustain therapeutically meaningful self-management.

Objective: This study aimed to devise and refine a patient-centered telecoaching intervention to foster self-management in AYA with CF using a combination of intervention development approaches, including an evidence- and theory-based approach (ie, applying existing theories and research evidence for behavior change) and a target population-centered approach (ie, intervention refinement based on the perspectives and actions of those individuals who will use it).

Outcomes of a transapical edge-to-edge repair system in secondary mitral regurgitation.

Objectives: The ValveClamp system (Hanyu Medical Technology) is a novel transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) system designed for ease of operation; however, there is a lack of data on its application in secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR). The authors report the mid-term outcomes of TEER using the ValveClamp system in SMR.

Methods: The study prospectively analyzed consecutive severe SMR patients who underwent transapical ValveClamp implantation at 10 Chinese centers.

Regulatory effects of resveratrol on nitric oxide signaling in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular illnesses are multifactorial disorders and represent the primary reasons for death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. As a signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) is extremely permeable across cellular membranes owing to its unique molecular features, like its small molecular size, lipophilicity, and free radical properties. Some of the biological effects of NO are vasodilation, inhibition in the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, and functional regulation of cardiac cells.

Patient physical violence toward healthcare workers at a US children's hospital.

An improved understanding of patient-related violent events toward healthcare workers (HCWs) is a critical step in mitigating patient violence in the pediatric medical hospital setting. Therefore, we sought to describe the timing/setting, potential antecedents to, and management of pediatric patient-related violence toward HCW. Using our electronic health record (EHR), we performed a retrospective study of patient-related physical violent events from 2017 to 2022 among youth hospitalized at our free-standing children's hospital.

Videoconferencing Dysmorphia: The Impact on Self-perception and Desire for Cosmetic Procedures.

Objective: The authors sought to examine the association between the increased use of videoconferencing and image-enhancing software filters during the COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding rise in interest in cosmetic procedures. We aimed to discern if heightened exposure to one's digital self-image correlates with a greater inclination toward cosmetic interventions.

Methods: In this cross-sectional questionnaire survey study, adult participants living in the United States were recruited on Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform.

Relaxin mimetic in pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease: Design and rationale of Re-PHIRE.

Aims: Despite receiving guideline-directed medical heart failure (HF) therapy, patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease (PH-LHD) experience higher mortality and hospitalization rates than the general HF population. AZD3427 is a functionally selective, long-acting mimetic of relaxin, a hormone that has the potential to induce vasodilation and prevent fibrosis. In a phase 1b study conducted in patients with HF, AZD3427 demonstrated a favourable safety and pharmacokinetic profile.

Improving Glycemic Control via Heat Therapy in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's Disease (FIGHT-AD): a pilot study.

Impaired glycemic control increases the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Heat therapy (HT), via hot water immersion (HWI), has shown promise in improving shared mechanisms implicated in both T2D and AD, like blood glucose regulation, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. The potential for HT to improve brain health in individuals at risk for AD has not been examined.

A review on disease modifying pharmacologic therapies for sickle cell disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hematologic disease caused by sickle hemoglobin as the predominant RBC hemoglobin or by sickle hemoglobin in combination with other abnormal β-hemoglobin variants like HbC, HbD and others. Sickling of erythrocytes under deoxygenated conditions is the basis of inflammatory and thrombotic cascades which result in multiple serious complications, leading to early morbidity and mortality. While HLA-matched allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is potentially curative, it has considerable limitations due to potential severe toxicities.

Framing a Global Pandemic: Journalism Cultures and Media Coverage of COVID-19 in China, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Using a computational approach, this study analyzes and compares news coverage of the novel coronavirus in six major newspapers (i.e. , , , , , and ) from four countries (i.

Gender differences in self-reported participation in ultrasound-guided procedures: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Across multiple procedural specialties, female trainees tend to perform fewer procedures and receive less autonomy than their male counterparts. However, there is currently no data on procedure contribution levels for radiology trainees.

Objective: To evaluate whether there was a difference in the degree of reported participation in ultrasound-guided procedures between male and female trainees at our institution.

Effects of Lasofoxifene Versus Fulvestrant on Vaginal and Vulvar Symptoms in Patients With ESR1-Mutated, ER+/HER2-, Metastatic Breast Cancer From the ELAINE 1 Study.

Background: Lasofoxifene, a novel endocrine therapy (ET), showed antitumor activity versus fulvestrant in women with ESR1-mutated, metastatic breast cancer (mBC) that progressed on prior ET (phase 2, ELAINE 1 study). We investigated changes in genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) vulvar-vaginal symptoms with lasofoxifene and how patient/disease characteristics affect baseline vulvar-vaginal symptoms in ELAINE 1.

Methods: Women were randomized to oral lasofoxifene 5 mg/day or IM fulvestrant 500 mg (days 1, 15, and 29, then every 28 days) until disease progression/severe toxicity.

The ACTION VAD Registry: A Collective Five-Year Experience.

Background: The Advanced Cardiac Therapies Improving Outcomes Network (ACTION) began in 2018 as a collaborative learning health system committed to improving outcomes in pediatric heart failure, including children and adults with congenital heart disease, supported with ventricular assist devices (VADs). This report describes patient and device characteristics, and outcomes through 1-year post-implant.

Methods: The ACTION VAD registry report was created from data submitted to the ACTION learning network from April 2018-June 2023.

Formulation development and feasibility of AAV5 as a lyophilized drug product.

The majority of adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapies are currently developed as frozen formulations (e.g., ≤ - 60 °C) that are challenging to maintain and distribute world-wide.

The immunogenetic basis of severe herpes simplex infections in neonates and children: a review.

Human herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a double stranded DNA virus with two distinct types, HSV-1 and HSV-2. The global burden of HSV is high with an estimated 2/3 of the adult population seropositive for at least one of these types of HSV. HSV rarely causes life-threatening disease in immunocompetent children and adults.

Appendicectomy versus antibiotics for acute uncomplicated appendicitis in children: an open-label, international, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Support for the treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis with non-operative management rather than surgery has been increasing in the literature. We aimed to investigate whether treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis with antibiotics in children is inferior to appendicectomy by comparing failure rates for the two treatments.

Methods: In this pragmatic, multicentre, parallel-group, unmasked, randomised, non-inferiority trial, children aged 5-16 years with suspected non-perforated appendicitis (based on clinical diagnosis with or without radiological diagnosis) were recruited from 11 children's hospitals in Canada, the USA, Finland, Sweden, and Singapore.

Fibrinogen: a new player and target on the formation of pre-metastatic niche in tumor metastasis.

Tumor metastasis involves a series of complex and coordinated processes, which is the main cause of patient death and still a significant challenge in cancer treatment. Pre-metastatic niches (PMN), a specialized microenvironment that develops in distant organs prior to the arrival of metastatic cancer cells, plays a crucial role in driving tumor metastasis. The development of PMN depends on a complex series of cellular and molecular components including tumor-derived factors, bone marrow-derived cells, resident immune cells, and extracellular matrix.

The role of histidine buffer in the iron-catalyzed formation of oxidizing species in pharmaceutical formulations: Mechanistic studies.

Iron-catalyzed oxidation reactions are common degradation pathways in pharmaceutical formulations. Buffers can influence oxidation reactions promoted by iron (Fe) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). However, mechanistically, the specific role of buffers in such reactions is not well understood.