A Case Report of Pembrolizumab-Induced Allergic Hepatitis.

The immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab is now considered a first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell cancer. Pembrolizumab is less toxic than conventional chemotherapy but may result in immune-related adverse events. We report a case in which liver injury occurred just two days after the administration of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy.

Myofascial pain syndrome in patients with cancer: a narrative review.

Purpose: Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome. The purpose of this review is to describe the epidemiological and treatment evidence and to address the future research agenda in patients with cancer.

Methods: A narrative review of previous reports investigating the prevalence and treatment of MPS in the oncology field is presented.

Efficacy and safety of minimally invasive surgery versus open laparotomy for epithelial ovarian cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and conventional abdominal surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), stratified by treatment type.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted by an Expert Panel of the Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology Ovarian Cancer Committee. Several academic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Database, and Ichushi were searched by the Japan Medical Library Association on November 11, 2023, using the keywords "epithelial ovarian cancer", "minimally invasive surgery", "laparoscopic", and "robot-assisted".

Safety and effectiveness of tofogliflozin in Japanese people with type 2 diabetes: A multicenter prospective observational study in routine clinical practice.

Aims/introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors effectively and safely reduce fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia while promoting weight loss. However, their unique mechanism of action contributes to concerns regarding their safety. We therefore carried out a large-scale, non-commercial, investigator-initiated study on the safety and effectiveness of the SGLT2 inhibitor tofogliflozin.

Prognostic impact of combination therapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin plus S-1 and subsequent conversion surgery for initially unresectable upper biliary tract cancers.

Purpose And Background: For the past decade, there have been few chemotherapy options for unresectable biliary tract cancer (BTC). Recently, however, combination therapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin plus S-1 (GCS) has been identified as a promising strategy. This retrospective study analyzes the clinical results of GCS therapy and subsequent conversion surgery (CS).

FXR Antagonist FLG249 Lowers Hepatic Triacylglycerol and Serum Cholesterol Level in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor that regulates the synthesis and enterohepatic circulation of bile acids (BAs). It also regulates lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, making FXR ligands potential therapeutic agents for systemic and/or hepatic metabolic disorders. We previously synthesized a series of FXR antagonists and showed that oral administration of FLG249 reduced the expression of several FXR target genes in the mouse ileum.

Trastuzumab deruxtecan for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer with brain and/or leptomeningeal metastases: an updated overall survival analysis using data from a multicenter retrospective study (ROSET-BM).

We provide updated results (median follow-up duration: 20.4 months) of a retrospective study on the effectiveness of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer with brain metastases (BM) and/or leptomeningeal disease (ROSET-BM). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 14.

Impact of Antiplatelet Therapy on 5-Year Outcomes After Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Deferral of Revascularization in Nonsignificant Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Because the clinical benefit of antiplatelet therapy (APT) for patients with nonsignificant coronary artery disease (CAD) remains poorly understood, we evaluated it in patients after fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided deferral of revascularization.

Methods And Results: From the J-CONFIRM (Long-Term Outcomes of Japanese Patients with Deferral of Coronary Intervention Based on Fractional Flow Reserve in Multicenter Registry), we investigated 265 patients with deferred lesions who did not require APT for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. A 2-year landmark analysis assessed the relationship between APT at 2 years and 5-year major cardiac adverse events (MACE: composite of all-cause death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, clinically driven target vessel revascularization).

Variability of radiological and clinical features in cases with usual interstitial pneumonia without honeycombing.

Background: Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) cases without honeycombing (possible UIP) included various CT features and was often difficult to diagnose.

Purpose: This study aimed to classify the cases with possible UIP on CT features using cluster analysis and evaluate the features of subsets of participants and the correlation of prognosis.

Materials And Methods: The study included 85 patients with possible UIP in the 2011 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) guideline with radiological diagnosis.

Diagnosis of isolated hilar-/extrahepatic-type IgG-4-related sclerosing cholangitis can be increased by improved recognition of this condition-A Japanese multicenter analysis.

Background: Patients with isolated IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) often undergo unnecessary resection. The aim of this study was to validate the revised Japanese diagnostic criteria for isolated IgG-4-SC and to improve awareness about this condition in the population.

Methods: This was a Japanese retrospective multicenter study.