16 results match your criteria: "Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (formerly College of Medicine)[Affiliation]"
BMC Pediatr
July 2024
Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: The emergence of COVID-19 precipitated containment policies (e.g., lockdowns, school closures, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Clin Pharmacol
June 2024
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Infants bear a significant malaria burden but are usually excluded from participating in early dose optimization studies that inform dosing regimens of antimalarial therapy. Unlike older children, infants' exclusion from early-phase trials has resulted in limited evidence to guide accurate dosing of antimalarial treatment for uncomplicated malaria or malaria-preventive treatment in this vulnerable population. Subsequently, doses used in infants are often extrapolated from older children or adults, with the potential for under- or overdosing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
March 2024
Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive, & Child Health Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Service readiness tools are important for assessing hospital capacity to provide quality small and sick newborn care (SSNC). Lack of summary scoring approaches for SSNC service readiness means we are unable to track national targets such as the Every Newborn Action Plan targets.
Methods: A health facility assessment (HFA) tool was co-designed by Newborn Essential Solutions and Technologies (NEST360) and UNICEF with four African governments.
BMC Pediatr
March 2024
Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive, & Child Health Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Each year an estimated 2.3 million newborns die in the first 28 days of life. Most of these deaths are preventable, and high-quality neonatal care is fundamental for surviving and thriving.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
January 2024
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is responsible for many childhood cancers in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is linked to recurrent or chronic infection by Epstein-Barr virus or Plasmodium falciparum. However, whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms, which regulate immune response, are associated with BL has not been well investigated, which limits our understanding of BL etiology. Here we investigate this association among 4,645 children aged 0-15 years, 800 with BL, enrolled in Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, and Malawi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
November 2023
Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Illinois, USA.
Background: Medical devices are critical to providing high-quality, hospital-based newborn care, yet many of these devices are unavailable in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and are not designed to be suitable for these settings. Target Product Profiles (TPPs) are often utilised at an early stage in the medical device development process to enable user-defined performance characteristics for a given setting. TPPs can also be applied to assess the profile and match of existing devices for a given context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
November 2023
Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive, & Child Health Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Every Newborn Action Plan (ENAP) coverage target 4 necessitates national scale-up of Level-2 Small and Sick Newborn Care (SSNC) (with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)) in 80% of districts by 2025. Routine neonatal inpatient data is important for improving quality of care, targeting equity gaps, and enabling data-driven decision-making at individual, district, and national-levels. Existing neonatal inpatient datasets vary in purpose, size, definitions, and collection processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Med (Lond)
September 2023
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Background: Children admitted to hospital with complicated severe malnutrition (CSM) have high mortality despite compliance with standard WHO management guidelines. Limited data suggests a relationship between intestinal dysfunction and poor prognosis in CSM, but this has not been explicitly studied. This study aimed to evaluate the role of intestinal disturbances in CSM mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr
September 2023
Amsterdam Centre for Global Child Health, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (formerly College of Medicine), Blantyre, Malawi.
Objective: To determine which risk prediction model best predicts clinical deterioration in children at different stages of hospital admission in low- and middle-income countries.
Methods: For this systematic review, Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The key search terms were "development or validation study with risk-prediction model" AND "deterioration or mortality" AND "age 0-18 years" AND "hospital-setting: emergency department (ED), pediatric ward (PW), or pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)" AND "low- and middle-income countries.
PLoS One
February 2023
Department of Health Systems and Policy, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health sciences (Formerly College of Medicine), Blantyre, Malawi.
Background: Poor retention of HIV-exposed infants (HEIs) in the Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) programme remains a significant challenge and impedes progress towards the elimination of Mother to Child Transmission (eMTCT). Suboptimal involvement of a father in his child's participation in the EID of HIV services is one of the reasons for delayed initiation and poor retention in EID. This study compared the uptake of EID of HIV services at 6weeks from 6 months pre and post-implementation of the Partner invitation card and Attending to couples first (PA) strategy for male involvement (MI) at Bvumbwe Health Centre in Thyolo, Malawi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care
February 2023
Lecturer - Health Systems and Policy, Director - MBA in Health Systems Management Program, Department of Health Systems and Policy, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (formerly College of Medicine), Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi.
Malawi adopted World Health Organisation test-and-treat policy in 2016. The policy initiates early antiretroviral treatment to all clients diagnosed with HIV, irrespective of their CD4 count. However, some facilities record low linkage following the strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrob Agents Chemother
December 2022
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Towngrid.7836.a, Cape Town, South Africa.
Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, an artemisinin-based combination therapy, has been identified as a promising agent for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy. However, in pregnant women living with HIV (PLWH), efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces the plasma exposure of piperaquine. In an open-label, nonrandomized, fixed-sequence, pharmacokinetic study, we compared piperaquine plasma concentrations in 13 pregnant women during a 3-day treatment course of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine when coadministered with efavirenz-based versus dolutegravir-based ART in the second or third trimester of pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Equity Health
August 2022
Health Systems and Research Ethics Department, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Background: Global health research partnerships have been scrutinised for how they operate and criticised for perpetuating inequities. Guidance to inform fair partnership practice has proliferated and the movement to decolonise global health has added momentum for change. In light of this evolving context, we sought in this study to document contemporary experiences of partnership from the perspective of stakeholders in four sub-Saharan African research institutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalawi Med J
April 2021
Editor in Chief, Malawi Medical Journal (www.mmj.mw).
EClinicalMedicine
February 2022
MARCH Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Health care-associated infections (HCAI) in neonatal units in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are a major cause of mortality. This scoping review aimed to synthesise published literature on infection prevention and care bundles addressing neonatal HCAI in LMICs and to construct a Classification Framework for their components (elements).
Methods: Five electronic databases were searched between January 2001 and July 2020.