Association between the Presence of the Parasagittal Cyst-like Structures and Cognitive Function.

Purpose: A cyst-like structure near superior sagittal sinus (Arachnoid Cuff Exit Site cysts: ACES cysts) has been reported in MRI. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between presence of ACES cysts and cognitive function, as assessed using mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent head MRI for dementia screening.

NIRO200NX: Reliable Monitoring System for Buried Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap.

Background: The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is a useful tool for breast reconstruction and tends to be transferred into the breast envelope as the buried flap from an aesthetic point of view. However, it is difficult to monitor the blood flow in the buried DIEP flap after reconstructive microsurgery. Near-infrared spectroscopy devices have recently been used for monitoring the blood flow of various organs.

Macular Hole Surgery as a Historical Perspective.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of macular hole (MH) surgery as a historical perspective after its inception in 1991.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of 1032 eyes of 949 patients with an idiopathic MH who were followed for at least one year after the initial surgery. All surgeries were performed from 1990 to 2016 by one surgeon (NO) and included phacovitrectomy for patients of ≥40-years-of-age, a removal of the posterior hyaloid and epiretinal membrane, and SF6 gas tamponade with a 1-week face-down.

Classification of transient epileptic amnesia attacks: Two types of amnestic seizures, the pure amnesia type and partial amnesia type.

Aim: Transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) is a type of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy characterized by recurrent amnesia attacks. In 1998, Zeman et al. proposed the following diagnostic criteria for TEA: (1) recurrent, witnessed episodes of amnesia (TEA attacks); (2) other cognitive functions remain intact during attacks; and (3) evidence of epilepsy.

Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the 6-minute walk distance in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) from before and 1 week after surgery in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 97 patients with primary CRC scheduled for surgery. An anchor-based approach estimated the MCID of the 6MWD, with postoperative physical recovery and EuroQol 5-dimension 5L questionnaire assessments serving as anchors.

Effects of gait intervention using the draw-in maneuver on knee joint function and the thoracic kyphosis angle in knee osteoarthritis.

Background: To evaluate whether the knee adduction moment (KAM) could be reduced by a short instruction in the Draw-in (DI) maneuver in healthy adults, and whether knee joint function would improve with a longer DI gait intervention in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Method: In Study 1, healthy adults received 10 minutes supervised instruction in DI gait in and then practiced the gait independently for 10 minutes. Three-dimensional motion analysis measurement was performed in each phase.

Impact of Prefracture Cognitive Impairment and Postoperative Delirium on Recovery after Hip Fracture Surgery.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the impact of prefracture cognitive impairment (CI) severity and postoperative delirium on recovery after hip fracture surgery in older patients.

Design: Prospective study with a 1-year follow-up.

Setting And Participants: We included 355 patients aged ≥80 years from 2 acute hospitals in Japan.

Magnetic resonance imaging of endolymphatic hydrops: a comparison of methods with and without gadolinium-based contrast agent administration.

In the evaluation of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, hybrid of reversed image of positive endolymph signal and native image of perilymph signal multiplied with heavily T2-weighted MR cisternography (HYDROPS-Mi2) imaging with the intravenous administration of a gadolinium-based contrast agent (IV-GBCA) has been utilized. Recently, MR cisternography (MRC) without GBCA has been proposed as a potential alternative method. However, the feasibility of EH evaluation by MRC without GBCA has not been established.

[Epileptic Amnesia].

With the rise in the number of elderly individuals with dementia, the importance of the following two types of epileptic amnesia has become increasingly recognized. One is transient epileptic amnesia (TEA), which is known to have a high frequency of complications such as accelerated long-term forgetting and autobiographical amnesia; the definition and significance of the TEA complex syndrome (TEACS), an extension of the TEA concept, are described. The other is epileptic cognitive impairment resembling Alzheimer's disease (ECI-A), the definition and characteristics of which are presented along with cases encountered by the author, as reported for TEACS.

＜Editors' Choice＞ Neck pain after cervical laminoplasty is associated with postoperative atrophy of the trapezius muscle.

Cervical laminoplasty is a safe and effective treatment for cervical myelopathy. However, it has a higher frequency of postoperative axial pain than other methods. A variety of causes of postoperative axial pain have been reported, but these have not been fully elucidated.

Do heel-unloading orthoses improve clinical outcomes in patients after surgical treatment of calcaneal fracture? A propensity-matched, multicenter analysis of the TRON database.

Background: Postoperative protocols after surgical treatment of calcaneal fracture have not been standardized to date. There are only a few reports on the efficacy of heel-unloading orthoses (HUOs; Mars shoe, Graffin orthosis), and thier efficacy is uncertain.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative radiologic and clinical outcomes in patients with calcaneal fractures who used Graffin orthosis.

A proposal for a new concept in psychiatric phenomenology: The "Yume-Utsutsu" (dreamy or half-asleep) phenomenon in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies.

Background: Patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) present with a variety of physical and mental symptoms, including visual hallucinations, delusions, depression, rapid eye sleep movement behavior disorder, and olfactory dysfunction. This study describes another interesting psychiatric symptom, which seems to be characteristic of DLB, in many patients who visited the author's psychogeriatrics department for neurocognitive disorders or psychogeriatric diseases.

Methods: The clinical courses of seven representative cases of DLB, each of which included episodes of this interesting psychiatric symptom, are described to clarify the commonalities they shared.

A Randomized Controlled Phase 2 Study of Neoadjuvant Eribulin Versus Paclitaxel in Women with Operable Breast Cancer: The JONIE-3 Study.

Objective: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is essential for surgical downstaging of early-stage breast cancer, but taxane administration is associated with neuropathy. We investigated whether eribulin induces less neuropathy than paclitaxel.

Methods: In this multicentre, randomised study (UMIN000012817), patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between December 2013 and April 2016 were randomly assigned to group E (eribulin followed by fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide; FEC) or group P (paclitaxel followed by FEC).

Strontium-89 plus zoledronic acid versus zoledronic acid for patients with painful bone metastatic breast cancer.

Introduction: β-ray strontium-89 (Sr-89) intra-irradiation therapy has been approved and clinically used to reduce bone metastasis pain not alleviated by bone-modifying agents, external radiation, and analgesic agents. We examined the efficacy of zoledronic acid (ZOL) and Sr-89 combination therapy compared with ZOL alone in breast cancer patients with bone metastases.

Materials And Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on breast cancer patients with bone metastasis to compare the efficacy between ZOL monotherapy and ZOL plus Sr-89 combination therapy.

Preoperative Low Physical Activity is a Predictor of Postoperative Delirium in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is one of the most common postoperative complications in gastrointestinal surgery patients. POD has been reported to affect long-term activities of daily living, cognitive function decline, and mortality. Previous studies have indicated that preoperative physical activity (PA) predicted POD in patients with other diseases, but we have not found any reports in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Two cases of IgG4-related disease accompanied by many cerebral microbleeds and a review of the literature: can IgG4-related disease cause cerebral small vessel vasculitis/vasculopathy?

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a condition of unknown cause, which involves marked tissue infiltration by IgG4-positive plasma cells into various organs throughout the body. Histopathological examinations based on biopsy examinations are essential for obtaining a definitive clinical diagnosis of IgG4-RD. However, there are only a limited number of organs from which biopsy samples can be easily obtained.

A proposal for a new clinical entity: transient epileptic amnesia complex syndrome (TEACS).

Transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) is a special type of temporal lobe epilepsy, the main symptom of which is recurrent amnesia attacks. In the late 1990s, Zeman et al. developed the following diagnostic criteria for TEA: (i) recurrent, witnessed episodes of amnesia; (ii) other cognitive functions remain intact during attacks; and (iii) evidence of epilepsy.

Preoperative physical activity predicts postoperative functional recovery in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative physical activity (PA) and postoperative functional recovery in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, we included 101 patients who underwent colorectal or gastric cancer surgery. Primary outcome was 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) decline ratio ((postoperative 6MWD value - preoperative 6MWD value)/preoperative 6MWD value × 100 (%)), which was determined as postoperative functional recovery.

Birth Year-Dependent Increase in Axial Length of Japanese Adult.

Purpose: To determine whether the correlations between the axial length and the aging-dependent and birth year-dependent age are significant.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: This study included Japanese patients ≥50 years who had undergone cataract surgery at numerous clinics from 2002 to 2020.