Economic Evaluation of Total Knee Replacement Compared with Non-Surgical Management for Knee Osteoarthritis in India.

Objective: This study is an economic evaluation of total knee replacement (TKR) in comparison with non-surgical management in India.

Methods: Cost-utility analysis and budget impact analysis (BIA) were conducted on individuals aged ≥ 50 years with osteoarthritis of the knee (OA knee) Kellgren-Lawrence grades 2 and 3 using a provider's perspective. Three scenarios were considered, varying the age at which TKR is administered while assuming a 20-year lifespan for the implant.

Diagnostic insights from chemometric analysis of hemogram inflammatory indexes in male smokers with and without asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Diagnosis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) becomes difficult in a primary healthcare center due to ambiguous interpretation of spirometry and lack of facility to access established biomarkers. While routine hematological indices are easily available and accessible. The study aimed to evaluate the role of different hemogram indexes in males in COPD, asthma, and healthy smokers.

Kaleidoscopic Hues of Antiepileptics in Pediatric Population: Comparison of Prevailing Antiepileptics.

Background And Objectives: Currently, we have a shortage of comprehensive information about newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in the pediatric population. This might explain the discrepancies among pediatricians' preferences in this regard. Therefore, it is crucial to study the multifaceted impacts of these drugs on children.

Antagonist Impact of Selenium-Based Nanoparticles Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

One of the cardinal causes of global deaths from a single-point infectious agent has been reported to be tuberculosis (or TB). At present times, the incidence of TB cases occurs mostly due to multi-drug resistance, which is expected to boost further in the upcoming times. Accordingly, the development of alternative treatment methodologies has received significant research interest.

Overt and Covert Delinquency: Socio-Demographic Correlates in Justice-Involved Adolescent Males.

Delinquent offenses among adolescents is an important public health concern worldwide and has been increasing at an alarming rate in India. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and pattern of delinquency among justice-involved adolescent (JIA) males and determine the associated socio-demographic factors. This cross-sectional study was carried out during the year 2016 to 2019 among 178 male inmates (aged 10-18 years) of an observation home situated at Berhampur city in the state of Odisha, India.

Second-hand smoke exposure and its determinants among nonsmoking adolescents residing in slum areas of Bhubaneswar, India.

Background: Second-hand exposure (SHS) is a significant public health problem and accounts for over 600,000 deaths among non smokers worldwide every year. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of SHS exposure among nonsmoking adolescents residing in slum areas of Bhubaneswar, India.

Methods: Multistage cluster random sampling was used to select 259 nonsmoking adolescents from eleven slum areas.

Cocaine-regulated microRNA miR-124 controls poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 expression in neuronal cells.

MiR-124 is a highly expressed miRNA in the brain and regulates genes involved in neuronal function. We report that miR-124 post-transcriptionally regulates PARP-1. We have identified a highly conserved binding site of miR-124 in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of Parp-1 mRNA.

Effect of Different Intracanal Medicaments on Apical Sealing Ability of BioRoot RCS.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of different intracanal medicaments on the apical seal of BioRoot root canal sealer (RCS).

Materials And Methods: One hundred permanent single-rooted teeth were used in this study. All the samples were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction and instrumented in a sequential order from 15 to 50 number k-file.

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate cellular gene expression. MiRNAs bind to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNA to inhibit protein translation or in some instances cause mRNA degradation. The binding of the miRNA to the 3' UTR of the target mRNA is mediated by a 2-8 nucleotide seed sequence at the 5' end of miRNA.

Putative role of KIR3DL1/3DS1 alleles and HLA-Bw4 ligands with end stage renal disease and long term renal allograft survival.

Background: Killer immunoglobulin receptors (KIR) are highly polymorphic in nature. KIR3DL1/3DS1 genes are known to affect HLA-B antigen binding affinity causing natural killer (NK) cell inhibition, which results into successful renal transplantation. In this study we have examined whether alleles of KIR3DL1/3DS1 play any role in changing the binding affinity with HLA-Bw4 antigen and if so then how are they associated with long term renal allograft survival.

Assessment of the Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on the Periodontal Health of Endodontically Restored Tooth.

Unlabelled: Intorduction: Patients usually undergo orthodontic treatment for achieving ideal interocclusal relationship between the dental tissue and bony tissue along with improving the speech, mastication, and facial esthetic appearance. Literature quotes paucity in the studies evaluating the effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal health of endodontically treated teeth. Hence, we planned the present study to assess the effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontal health of endodonti-cally restored tooth.

Comparative Evaluation of Neem Mouthwash on Plaque and Gingivitis: A Double-blind Crossover Study.

Aim: The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of neem-containing mouthwash on plaque and gingivitis.

Materials And Methods: This randomized, double-blinded, crossover clinical trial included 40 participants aged 18 to 35 years with washout period of 1 week between the crossover phases. A total of 20 participants, each randomly allocated into groups I and II, wherein in the first phase, group I was provided with 0.

Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Odisha Population: A Panoramic Radiographic Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies (DAs) in Odisha population using panoramic radiographs.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 1,080 panoramic radiographs were evaluated for DAs. Dental records were reviewed for diagnostic confirmation.

Assessment of Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Practices, and Concepts of Tobacco Usage among Engineering Students in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Aim: This study aimed to assess oral hygiene-related knowledge and practices among engineering students of Bhubaneswar city and also to evaluate the concepts about the side effects of tobacco usage among those students.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted using a self-administered, close-ended questionnaire to assess the oral hygiene knowledge and practices and study the concepts on tobacco usage among 362 engineering students of Bhubaneswar city, Odisha, India. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 20.

Towards efficient photosynthesis: overexpression of Zea mays phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Plants with C4 photosynthesis are efficient in carbon assimilation and have an advantage over C3 photosynthesis. In C4 photosynthesis, the primary CO fixation is catalyzed by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). Here, we show that overexpression of Zea mays PEPC cDNA, under the control of S promoter, in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in ~7-10 fold higher protein abundance and ~7-10 fold increase in PEPC activity in the transgenic lines than that in the vector control.

SufB intein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a sensor for oxidative and nitrosative stresses.

Inteins are mobile genetic elements that self-splice at the protein level. Mycobacteria have inteins inserted into several important genes, including those corresponding to the iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein SufB. Curiously, the SufB inteins are found primarily in mycobacterial species that are potential human pathogens.

Killer immunoglobulin like receptor gene content diversity among Northern Indian population.

Background: Genes encoding KIR receptors are clustered in one of the most variable regions of the human genome. KIR gene frequencies vary in worldwide populations and reveal high probability of individuals differing in their gene content.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate KIR diversity among the northern Indian population who share features with either Western Eurasian or East Asian populations.

Glucose estimation in the salivary secretion of diabetes mellitus patients.

Aim: Saliva is one of the most abundant secretions in the human body and its collection is easy and noninvasive. The aim of this study was to find a medium that can be used to diagnose and monitor diabetes. In this, saliva could play a major role.

Use of sequential leaching, mineralogy, morphology and multivariate statistical technique for quantifying metal pollution in highly polluted aquatic sediments--a case study: Brahmani and Nandira Rivers, India.

The particle size distribution, geochemical composition and sequential leaching of metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, Pb, Zn and Cd) are carried out in core sediments (<88 microm) from the Brahmani and Nandira Rivers, India. To confirm the contamination of downstream sediments by fly ash, mineralogical and morphological characterizations were carried out. High environmental risk of Co, Pb and Ni is due to their higher availability in exchangeable fraction.