Changes in Smoking Patterns in Turkey Before and After the Ban on Loose Cigarettes: An Ecological Perspective From Global Tobacco Surveillance Data.

Introduction: Loose or individual cigarettes sold without packaging pose a unique challenge for tobacco control, which is the leading cause of premature and preventable mortality worldwide. This study aims to assess the changes in smoking patterns following the ban on loose cigarettes in 2008 in Turkey.

Method: Gender-stratified trend analysis of smoking patterns before and after the ban on loose cigarettes was done using the Global Tobacco Surveillance data (adults: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) 2008, 2012, and 2016; youth: Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2003, 2005, 2009, 2012, and 2017) from Turkey.

Electrical stimulation: a novel therapeutic strategy to heal biological wounds.

Electrical stimulation (ES) has emerged as a powerful therapeutic modality for enhancing biological wound healing. This non-invasive technique utilizes low-level electrical currents to promote tissue regeneration and expedite the wound healing process. ES has been shown to accelerate wound closure, reduce inflammation, enhance angiogenesis, and modulate cell migration and proliferation through various mechanisms.

MultiNet 2.0: A lightweight attention-based deep learning network for stenosis measurement in carotid ultrasound scans and cardiovascular risk assessment.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) cause 19 million fatalities each year and cost nations billions of dollars. Surrogate biomarkers are established methods for CVD risk stratification; however, manual inspection is costly, cumbersome, and error-prone. The contemporary artificial intelligence (AI) tools for segmentation and risk prediction, including older deep learning (DL) networks employ simple merge connections which may result in semantic loss of information and hence low in accuracy.

Role of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 in immunosuppression of breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) contributes greatly to global cancer incidence and is the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. It is a complex disease characterized by numerous subtypes with distinct clinical manifestations. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are not effective in all patients and have been associated with tumor resistance and immunosuppression.

Assessment of Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Following Full Mouth Rehabilitation with Implant-Supported Prostheses.

Background: The concept of success is typically established by the researcher or the practitioner rather than the patient, who has the greatest stake in the outcome of the prosthodontics therapy.

Aim: To assess patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in following full mouth rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses (ISP).

Methods And Materials: Thirty-two patients who underwent full mouth rehabilitation with ISP were included in this study.

Analysis of Long-Term Success and Biological Complications in Zygomatic Implant-Supported Prostheses.

Introduction: Patients with significant maxillary atrophy who are not candidates for standard implants now have an option thanks to zygomatic implants. Long-term statistics on difficulties and success are, however, scarce.

Methods: A tertiary care center's patient data were retrospectively analyzed.

Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Receiving Oral Appliance Therapy.

Background: A frequent sleep condition linked to considerable morbidity and death is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is not the only noninvasive treatment option for OSA. Another option is oral appliance therapy (OAT).

Assessment of Oral Health Promotion Programs in Schools and their Long-Term Effects.

Background: School-based oral health promotion initiatives are essential for enhancing children's and teenagers' oral health outcomes. However, the long-term efficacy of these initiatives is yet unknown.

Methods: Over the course of a year, 500 children between the ages of 6 and 12 years participated in prospective observational research.

Epidemiological Study of Oral Cancer Cases Over a 10-Year Period.

Background: Because it causes high rates of morbidity and death, oral cancer represents a major global public health concern. It is vital to comprehend the epidemiological trends of oral cancer instances to execute efficacious preventive and therapy tactics.

Objectives: The objective of this retrospective study was to examine the epidemiological patterns of cases of oral cancer in a tertiary care environment over a period of 10 years.

The significant others of aurora kinase a in cancer: combination is the key.

AURKA is predominantly famous as an essential mitotic kinase. Recent findings have also established its critical role in a plethora of other biological processes including ciliogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, neuronal outgrowth, DNA replication and cell cycle progression. AURKA overexpression in numerous cancers is strongly associated with poor prognosis and survival.

Immunomodulation in dengue: towards deciphering dengue severity markers.

Background: Dengue is a vector-borne debilitating disease that is manifested as mild dengue fever, dengue with warning signs, and severe dengue. Dengue infection provokes a collective immune response; in particular, the innate immune response plays a key role in primary infection and adaptive immunity during secondary infection. In this review, we comprehensively walk through the various markers of immune response against dengue pathogenesis and outcome.

Bacteriophage as a potential biotherapeutics to combat present-day crisis of multi-drug resistant pathogens.

The rise of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens to most, if not all, currently available antibacterial agents has become a global threat. As a consequence of the antibiotic resistance epidemic, phage therapy has emerged as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics. Despite the high therapeutic advantages of phage therapy, they have not yet been successfully used in the clinic due to various limitations of narrow host specificity compared to antibiotics, poor adhesion on biofilm surface, and susceptibility to both human and bacterial defences.

Mitigating CYP3A4-mediated aflatoxin toxicity with algal-derived Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin: Production and In-silico insights.

The present research explores the cytotoxic mechanism of protein Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) with aflatoxin (AFB1), a potent carcinogen. Cytochrome P450 is an essential enzyme involved in drug metabolism, however epoxide formation due to the binding event of AFB1 leads to cell cytotoxicity. In this direction, our study elucidates the scavenging effect of algal-derived Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin (SCC) over AFB1 cytotoxicity.

Synthesis, kinetics, mechanisms, and bioactivity evaluations of a novel Zn(ii) complex.

Zn(ii)-based anticancer drugs can be suitable alternatives to conventional Pt(ii)-based drugs because of the unique chemical properties of Zn(ii) and low toxicity. In this study, a new hexadentate and heteroleptic Zn(ii) complex ([Zn(bpy)(OAc)], 1) was prepared with a conventional ,-donor ligand (2,2'-bipyridine) and a leaving group (OAc) and characterized ESI-MS, UV-Vis, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Kinetic and mechanistic investigations of 1 were performed using two biologically relevant ligands (dl-penicillamine and l-cysteine) to understand its selectivity and reactivity.

A Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Nisin in Different Vehicles Against Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study.

Aim To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of nisin in different carriers against . Materials and methods Test materials were divided into four groups of five samples each as follows: group 1 = nisin + 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); group 2 = nisin + 2% chitosan; group 3 = nisin + 2% chlorhexidine; group 4 = nisin + distilled water (control). The antimicrobial effectiveness was assessed using the direct contact method, where a standardized suspension was applied to the test materials.

Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Different Suture Materials for Oral Surgery: An In Vitro Tensile Strength Study.

Background: Sutures are essential components of wound closure in oral surgery, and the mechanical properties of suture materials play a crucial role in determining surgical outcomes. Understanding the tensile strengths of various suture materials is vital for selecting the most appropriate material for specific clinical applications.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the tensile strength of suture materials commonly used in oral surgery through an in vitro tensile strength study.

Menstrual cup adoption among reproductive age women in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to synthesize the information on menstrual cup adoption among reproductive-age women in India. A comprehensive search was conducted in four databases following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A total of 18 articles were included in this review.

Talent management of library and information science professionals: A review of research and future directions.

Background: This study aims to review the extant literature on talent management with the objective of influencing library and information management by addressing the key facets of talent management, such as talent management strategies, importance of career development, evaluation of talented employees, and organizational resilience.

Methodology: Literature on the development of talent and career management was retrieved from various scholarly papers indexed in Scopus and Web of Science to have a meticulous literature review serving as the platform of the present study. In light of the authors' observations, two models were developed.

Biogenic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from L. and evaluation of their antimicrobial, antioxidant and photocatalytic efficacy.

Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles has been established as an environmentally benign and sustainable approach. This study emphasizes biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) utilizing leaf extract of L., well known for its abundant bioactive compounds.

Enhancing health care through medical cognitive virtual agents.

Objective: The modern era of cognitive intelligence in clinical space has led to the rise of 'Medical Cognitive Virtual Agents' (MCVAs) which are labeled as intelligent virtual assistants interacting with users in a context-sensitive and ambient manner. They aim to augment users' cognitive capabilities thereby helping both patients and medical experts in providing personalized healthcare like remote health tracking, emergency healthcare and robotic diagnosis of critical illness, among others. The objective of this study is to explore the technical aspects of MCVA and their relevance in modern healthcare.

Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Self-Derived Biomaterial for Surgical Treatment of a Periapical Lesion.

This case report explores the application of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as an autologous biomaterial in the surgical management of a periapical cyst in an 18-year-old female patient. The patient presented with pain, discoloration, and swelling in the maxillary left central incisor region, indicative of an asymptomatic periapical lesion associated with a history of trauma. Despite initial endodontic treatment with calcium hydroxide, the lesion persisted, necessitating surgical intervention.

Evaluation of Salivary Immunoglobulin A Level and Its Correlation with Severity of Early Childhood Caries: An Original Research.

Background And Objectives: Early childhood caries (ECC) remains one of the most prevalent diseases mutilating the primary dentition. It is a multifactorial disease that severely affects the quality of life of affected children. One of the risk indicators reported in the literature is the presence of viable mutans streptococci (MS) and protective factors such as salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA).