Genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from eastern India.

Whole genome sequencing has been used to investigate the genomic diversity of M. tuberculosis in the northern and southern states of India, but information about the eastern part of the country is still limited. Through a sequencing-based strategy, this study seeks to comprehend the diversity and drug resistance pattern in the eastern region.

Simultaneous detection of dengue virus serotypes in a dual-serotype-detection nucleic acid based lateral flow assay.

Dengue virus (DENV) is an important arthropod-borne viral disease, with four antigenically and genetically diverse serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Timely and accurate diagnosis of dengue virus serotypes is crucial for the management of outbreaks. This study focussed on the development of a RT-PCR based lateral flow strip assay to detect DENV serotypes in a dual detection manner without using gel electrophoresis.

Assessment of Malocclusion and Gender Differences in Orthodontic Treatment Needs Among Adolescents Aged 10-13 Years in Eastern India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Malocclusion is a prevalent public health concern among adolescents, impacting both dental health and psychosocial well-being.

Aims And Objectives: To assess the prevalence of orthodontic treatment needs among adolescents aged 10-13 years in Bhubaneswar using the dental health component (DHC) and aesthetic component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and to analyze gender-based differences.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 school-going children aged 10-13 years using cluster sampling across Bhubaneswar.

Incidence of postoperative pain after single-visit and multiple-visit root canal therapy: a systematic review.

AIM- The objective of the systematic review is to evaluate the incidence of postoperative pain after single-visit and multiple-visit root canal therapy. METHODS- Published research indexed in PubMed or Scopus or Cochrane or DOAJ or Web of Science evaluating the frequency percentage of postoperative aching after one and several root canal therapy appointments through randomized controlled trials or prospectively were included. RESULT- Most surveys utilized VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) to estimate the degree of pain among the participants.

Recent advances in L-Asparaginase enzyme production and formulation development for acrylamide reduction during food processing.

L-asparagine is an essential amino acid for cell growth and common constituent of all the proteins. During high temperature food processing it reacts with reducing sugars and leads to acrylamide production through a complex process known as Maillard reaction. L-asparaginase hydrolyses the amine-group of L-asparagine to produce aspartic acid and ammonia.

Psychosocial and Economic Burden on Families of Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Correlation With Locomotor Severity.

Background:  Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition that often has significant psychosocial and economic impacts on the caregivers of affected children.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level and the psychosocial and economic impact on caregivers of children with CP.

Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted on children with CP aged 2-14 years, admitted to the Inpatient Department (IPD) or attending the District Early Intervention Center (DEIC) for physiotherapy at a teaching hospital in Odisha, from December 2020 to November 2022.

Efficacy of Submandibular Gland Excision Versus Preservation During Supraomohyoid Neck Dissection for T1, T2, and N0 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: The present study aims to observe the efficacy of submandibular gland excision vs. preservation during supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) based on the postoperative outcomes for early oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with clinically N0 neck and xerostomia.

Materials And Methods: A pilot study was conducted to observe the efficacy of preservation vs.

A robust Parkinson's disease detection model based on time-varying synaptic efficacy function in spiking neural network.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting millions of people around the world. Conventional PD detection algorithms are generally based on first and second-generation artificial neural network (ANN) models which consume high energy and have complex architecture. Considering these limitations, a time-varying synaptic efficacy function based leaky-integrate and fire neuron model, called SEFRON is used for the detection of PD.

Microbial Diversity and Resistome in Milk of Cows with Subclinical Mastitis in a Coastal District of Odisha, India.

Mastitis is a globally prevalent bacterial disease of lactating cows. Prevention and control of this multi-etiological complex disease relies upon administration of antibiotics. This has led to the emergence of newer multi-drug resistant strains.

Advancements in framework materials for enhanced energy harvesting.

Energy harvesting, the process of capturing ambient energy from various sources and converting it into usable electrical power, has attracted a lot of attention due to its potential to provide long-term and self-sufficient energy solutions. This comprehensive review thoroughly explores the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for energy harvesting by piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators (PENGs and TENGs). It begins by classifying and outlining the structural diversity of MOFs and COFs, which is key to understanding their importance in energy applications.

From Passive Listeners to Active Learners: Changing Student Preferences in Small Group Learning for the MBBS Curriculum.

The shift toward student-centered learning in medical education has become increasingly apparent in recent years, particularly in small group learning (SGL) within the MBBS curriculum. Traditionally, SGL has been teacher-led, but data from three polls conducted across three MBBS batches (2019, 2022, and 2023) highlight a notable shift in student preferences toward more active learning methods. While the 2019 batch overwhelmingly favored teacher-led explanations, the 2022 and 2023 batches showed a growing preference for self-directed learning, with "Self-reading and Doubt Clearing" becoming the most popular mode by 2023.

Predictive relevance of optical coherence tomography indices in conjunction with visual acuity and surgical outcomes of idiopathic macular hole.

Idiopathic macular hole (IMH) is a condition that arises from a combination of interactions among several forces on the fovea, remarkably from vitreous traction in the anteroposterior and tangential directions. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of microincision vitrectomy surgery, and IMH surgery was performed with minimal invasiveness, and visual improvement was an expected outcome. This study aimed to observe the pre-operative optical coherence tomography (OCT) indices correlated with visual acuity in the closure of IMH after surgery.

Economic Evaluation of Total Knee Replacement Compared with Non-Surgical Management for Knee Osteoarthritis in India.

Objective: This study is an economic evaluation of total knee replacement (TKR) in comparison with non-surgical management in India.

Methods: Cost-utility analysis and budget impact analysis (BIA) were conducted on individuals aged ≥ 50 years with osteoarthritis of the knee (OA knee) Kellgren-Lawrence grades 2 and 3 using a provider's perspective. Three scenarios were considered, varying the age at which TKR is administered while assuming a 20-year lifespan for the implant.

Mindfulness as a Path to Freedom from Internet Addiction in Adolescents: A Narrative Review.

In recent years, Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) has become a major mental health concern among adolescents, with detrimental effects on social relationships, academic performance, and emotional well-being. The focus of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on improving self-awareness, emotional regulation, and cognitive flexibility has drawn interest in MBIs as possible therapeutic approaches for treating IAD. The purpose of this narrative review is to investigate how mindfulness interventions affect teenagers who are experiencing IAD.

Identification and validation of miR-21 key genes in cervical cancer through an integrated bioinformatics approach.

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent female reproductive cancers. miR-21 is a multi-target oncomiR that has shown its potential in regulating several cancers including colon, pancreatic, breast, prostate, ovarian, and cervical cancer. However, the signaling network of miR-21 remains underexplored, and only a limited number of miR-21 gene targets in cervical cancer have been reported.

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence in detecting oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer using medical diagnostic imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Oral cancer is a widespread global health problem characterised by high mortality rates, wherein early detection is critical for better survival outcomes and quality of life. While visual examination is the primary method for detecting oral cancer, it may not be practical in remote areas. AI algorithms have shown some promise in detecting cancer from medical images, but their effectiveness in oral cancer detection remains Naïve.

Metamaterial-based Artificial magnetic conductor for efficient breast cancer diagnosis using a low-cost antenna array.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women globally, stemming from gene mutations that prompt irregular cellular growth and subsequent tumor development. Early-stage detection of cancer cells results in a remarkable 99% survival rate. This research presents a microwave imaging technique for the non-invasive identification of tumors in the initial stages within the women's breast.

Innovations in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and nanocomposites for sustainable food packaging via biochemical biorefinery platforms: A comprehensive review.

The substantial build-up of non-biodegradable plastic waste from packaging sector not only poses severe environmental threats but also hastens the depletion of natural petroleum-based resources. Presently, poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxy valerate) (PHBV), received enormous attention as ideal alternatives for such traditional petroleum-derived plastics based on their biocompatibility and superior mechanical properties. However, high cost of such copolymer, due to expensive nature of feedstock, inefficient microbial processes and unfavorable downstream processing strategies restricts its large-scale commercial feasibility in the packaging sector.

Revitalizing the Smile: A Case Report on the Modified Apexification Procedure for Discolored Non-Vital Immature Teeth With Periapical Lesions.

Apexification is the process of forming mineralized tissue at the apical portion of a tooth with an incompletely formed root. Although various materials and techniques for the endodontic treatment of such teeth have been employed for some time, selecting the appropriate material remains challenging due to limited literature. This report presents a case that evaluates the efficacy of a modified apexification procedure using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), followed by a walking-bleach technique to address discoloration resulting from trauma to anterior teeth.

Degradation of Decabromodiphenyl Ether Dispersed in Poly (Acrylo-Butadiene-Styrene) Using a Rotatory Laboratory Pilot Under UV-Visible Irradiation.

The growing volume of plastics derived from electronic waste (e-waste) underscores the imperative for environmentally sustainable strategies for the management of this waste. In light of the paramount importance of this issue, a pilot demonstrator for the decontamination of polymers containing Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) has been developed. The objective is to investigate the potential for decontaminating BFR-containing polymers from e-waste via UV-visible irradiation using a rotatory laboratory pilot operating under primary vacuum conditions.

Determining the effect of long non-coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (lncRNA MEG3) on the transcriptome profile in cervical cancer cell lines.

This study investigates the role of the long non-coding RNA Maternally Expressed Gene3 (lncRNA MEG3) gene in cervical cancer, as evidenced by its downregulation in cancerous cell lines. The study demonstrates the effects of the overexpression of lncRNA MEG3 in cervical cancer cell lines, particularly in C33A and CaSki. Through comprehensive analyses, including Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), alterations in global mRNA expression were analyzed.