Genetic Links to Episodic Movement Disorders: Current Insights.

Episodic or paroxysmal movement disorders (PxMD) are conditions, which occur episodically, are transient, usually have normal interictal periods, and are characterized by hyperkinetic disorders, including ataxia, chorea, dystonia, and ballism. Broadly, these comprise paroxysmal dyskinesias (paroxysmal kinesigenic and non-kinesigenic dyskinesia [PKD/PNKD], paroxysmal exercise-induced dyskinesias [PED]) and episodic ataxias (EA) types 1-9. Classification of paroxysmal dyskinesias has traditionally been clinical.

Antibiotic Stewardship in Premature Infants: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Antibiotic treatment in premature infants is often empirically prescribed, and practice varies widely among otherwise comparable neonatal intensive care units. Unnecessary and prolonged antibiotic treatment is documented in numerous studies. Recent research shows serious side effects and suggests long-term adverse health effects in prematurely born infants exposed to antibiotics in early life.

Availability and use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for neonatal care in public health facilities in India: a cross-sectional cluster survey.

Objectives: To determine the availability of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and to provide an overview of its use in neonatal units in government hospitals across India.

Setting: Cross-sectional cluster survey of a nationally representative sample of government hospitals from across India.

Primary Outcomes: Availability of CPAP in neonatal units.

Risk factors for orofacial clefts in India: A case-control study.

Background: Orofacial clefts (OFC) are linked with several genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to explore the association of potential risk factors with OFCs in India.

Methods: This was a hospital-based, matched case-control (1:4 ratio; matching done for parity) study conducted in Hyderabad, Bengaluru, and Delhi-National Capital Region.

Hypovitaminosis d and hypocalcemic seizures in infancy.

Background: Hypocalcemia accounts for a majority of seizures in infants reporting to the emergency ward of our hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the role of Vitamin D deficiency in the etiology of hypocalcemic seizures in infancy.

Design And Setting: Cross sectional hospital based study, from April 2006-March 2007.

Vitamin D nutritional status of exclusively breast fed infants and their mothers.

Background: Vitamin D nutrition has a profound effect on the development of an infant. Vitamin D status of mothers and their infants are closely correlated. While hypovitaminosis D has emerged as a significant public health problem across all age groups, there is limited information of this condition in lactating mothers and their breast fed infants.

Do umbilical vein catheterization and sepsis lead to portal vein thrombosis? A prospective, clinical, and sonographic evaluation.

Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) affects 20-30% of all patients with portal hypertension in India. The etiopathogenesis of this disease is unknown. In retrospective studies, umbilical vein cannulation and sepsis have been alleged to cause portal thrombosis.