First record of (Phoronida) from Japan, with a description of Hilton, 1930 from Okinawa.

Background: Phylum Phoronida currently contains two genera, Phoronis Wright, 1856 and Phoronopsis Gilchrist, 1907, with approximately thirteen speices. Phoronida is distributed worldwide, ranging from northern Europe to southern New Zealand and also from intertidal to 400 m depths. From Japanese waters, four species of have been reported, viz.

Establishment of a swine model of delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedure.

Objectives: Although delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedures has become a problem, currently, there are no appropriate animal models to validate methods for preventing it. This study aimed to establish an animal model of delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedures of the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods: Activated coagulation time (ACT) was measured using blood samples drawn from a catheter inserted into the external jugular vein of swine ( = 7; age, 6 months; mean weight, 13.

Prognostic significance of lymph node metastasis in pancreatic tail cancer: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Distal pancreatectomy (DP) with lymph node (LN) dissection is the standard procedure for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of the tail (Pt-PDAC). However, the optimal surgery including extent of LN dissection is still being debated. The present study investigated the incidence and prognostic impact of LN metastasis on patients suffering from Pt-PDAC.

Reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life Scale.

Aim: The Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life Scale (BBQ) is a popular quality of life measure, indexing satisfaction with and importance of six empirically selected life domains. Whether these domains hold cross-cultural validity remains largely unexplored. The current study developed and psychometrically validated a Japanese version of the BBQ (BBQ-J).

Cytomegalovirus cavitary pneumonia in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient.

Cavitary lung lesions are uncommon radiological findings in cytomegalovirus pneumonia, and tissue biopsy is rarely performed for diagnosis. A 67-year-old man presented with a wet cough. Extensive white moss in the oral cavity was found on physical examination, and chest computed tomography revealed an approximately 4 cm cavitary lesion in the upper lobe of the right lung.

Scale-dependent influences of environmental, historical, and spatial processes on taxonomic and functional beta diversity of Japanese bat assemblages.

This study investigated the relative influences of environmental, spatial, and historical factors, including the island-specific history of land connectivity, on bat assemblages in the Japanese Archipelago. We collected bat distribution data from 1408 studies and assigned them to Japan's First Standard Grid (approximately 6400 km). Japanese bat assemblages were analyzed at two scales: the entire Japanese Archipelago comprised 16 islands and exclusively the four main islands.

Immune checkpoint status and oncogenic mutation profiling of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (KSCC1301-A2).

Aim: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are less effective in mismatch repair (MMR)-proficient (pMMR) colorectal cancers (CRCs) than in MMR-deficient CRCs. Here, we investigated changes in the tumor microenvironment after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) without radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and the potential of ICIs as therapeutic agents for pMMR CRCs.

Methods: This was an ad hoc analysis of a KSCC1301 randomized phase II trial in which patients with untreated resectable LARC were randomly assigned to receive S-1 and oxaliplatin or folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin as NAC.

MicroRNA-20a in extracellular vesicles derived from duodenal fluid is a possible biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a high mortality rate owing to its late diagnosis and aggression. In addition, there are relatively few minimally invasive screening methods for the early detection of PDAC, making the identification of biomarkers for this disease a critical priority. Recent studies have reported that microRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EV-miRs) from bodily fluids can be useful for the diagnosis of PDACs.

Validation of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer risk stratification updated in the 2021 European Association of Urology guidelines.

Objective: The objective of this study is to validate the predictive ability of the 2021 European Association of Urology (EAU) risk model compared to that of existing risk models, including the 2019 EAU model and risk scoring tables of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Club Urologico Espanol de Tratamiento Oncologico, and Japanese Nishinihon Uro-oncology Extensive Collaboration Group.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective multi-institutional database study included two cohorts-3024 patients receiving intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment (BCG cohort) and 789 patients not receiving BCG treatment (non-BCG cohort). The Kaplan-Meier estimate and log-rank test were used to visualize and compare oncological survival outcomes after transurethral surgery among the risk groups.

Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of (Asparagaceae) on Shikoku Island, Japan, including five new species, one new subspecies, and two new status assignments.

Japan has 16 native species of the genus Tratt. (Asparagaceae). A recent study on based on field surveys and molecular phylogenetic analyses resulted in the discovery of six unknown taxa in Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku Island, southwestern Japan.

Association of auditory Charles Bonnet syndrome with increased blood flow in the nondominant Brodmann area 22.

Aim: Auditory Charles Bonnet syndrome (aCBS) is characterized by musical hallucinations (MHs) that accompany acquired hearing impairments. This hallucination is the acoustic perception of music, sounds, or songs in the absence of an outside stimulus, and it may be associated with hyperactivity of the superior temporal lobes. Some studies have reported the possibility of improving MH with antiepileptics.

Intertidal insects associated with halophytic (Amaranthaceae) in Japan: a case study in Saga, northern Kyushu.

In contrast to a great diversity in insects in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, few known species have adapted to inhabit marine environments. In this study, we surveyed insects associated with halophytic plants of (Amaranthaceae) distributed in intertidal zones, in northern Kyushu, Japan. On four Japanese native species of , we found insects belonging to five orders and 18 species.

 (Hydrangeaceae), a new species from Osumi Peninsula, southern Japan.

Tagane & S. Fujii, from the Kimotsuki Mountains in the Ohsumi Peninsula, southern Japan, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to in having three-petaloid calyx lobes in marginal flowers, but is distinguished by the larger stamen number, and longer styles and seeds.

Soil microbial community shifts explain habitat heterogeneity in two species from a nutrient perspective.

and (as sister taxa) are dominant shrubs in the Gurbantunggut Desert. The former grows in inter-dune lowlands while the latter in sand dunes. However, little information is available regarding the possible role of soil microorganisms in the habitat heterogeneity in the two species from a nutrient perspective.

The ontogenetic dietary shift from non-dangerous to dangerous prey in predator-eating predators under capture risk.

Evaluating the patterns and generality of ontogenetic dietary shifts (ODSs) contributes to understanding prey-predator interactions and food web dynamics. Numerous studies have focused on predators that target distinctively lower trophic-level organisms. However, the ODS of predators that routinely prey on organisms at similar trophic levels (i.

A case of ectopic cervical thymoma with myasthenia gravis mimicking a parathyroid tumour.

Reports of cervical thymoma with myasthenia gravis are rare. In addition, 99mTc-MIBI (methoxyisobutylisonitrile:sestamibi) scintigraphy is a useful diagnostic examination for enlarged parathyroid tumours; however, there are a few reports of its accumulation in thymoma. Among them, there are no reports of cervical thymomas with 99mTc-MIBI accumulation complicated by myasthenia gravis.

A case of schwannoma at the origin of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve resected under uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery.

Mediastinal neurogenic tumours are mostly derived from sympathetic nerves and intercostal nerves, and vagus nerve-derived schwannomas are rare. We encountered a tumour originating from the origin of the recurrent laryngeal nerve that was accompanied by the azygos lobe, which made it difficult to approach; it was ultimately able to be removed via uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery. This case involved a 63-year-old female patient.

The NVP QOL Questionnaire: Psychometric properties of the self-report measure of health-related quality of life for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.

Aim: The Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy Quality of Life (NVP QOL) Questionnaire is a self-report measure of health-related QOL for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. This study determines the best fitting factor structure for the NVP QOL Questionnaire and explores its measurement invariance in terms of observation time and parity.

Methods: A test-retest study of pregnant women was conducted at Gestational Weeks (GWs) 10-13 (T1:  = 381) and 1 week later (T2:  = 128) at one hospital and five clinics with the NVP QOL and the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE).

A new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera, Simuliidae) from Thailand, with a key to identify females of 14 species of the species-group.

Simulium (Gomphostilbia) khelangense is described on the basis of females, collected by a sweeping net in Lampang, Phitsanulok and Chiang Mai Provinces, Thailand. This new species is placed in the subgroup of the species-group in the subgenus Gomphostilbia Enderlein by having the antenna with eight flagellomeres, pleural membrane bare, and female subcosta lacking hairs. It is similar to Pramual & Tangkawanit from Thailand in the same subgroup but is barely distinguished from the latter species by the head width relative to the greatest width of the frons and length of the labrum relative to the clypeus.