Silicone oil, an intraocular surgical adjuvant, induces retinal ferroptosis.

Vitrectomy with silicone oil (SO) endotamponade is an effective treatment for vision-threatening retinal diseases. However, unexplained vision impairment has been reportedly critical side effects. Previously, we reported that the eyes with ocular toxoplasmosis showed retinal ferroptosis with the clinical sign of reduced intravitreal iron (Fe).

Potential Utility of Circulating MicroRNA-483 as a Biomarker for IGF-II-Associated Non-Islet Cell Tumor Hypoglycemia.

Context: In most cases of non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), high molecular weight forms of insulin-like growth factor II, commonly referred to as big IGF-II, cause hypoglycemia. MicroRNA-483 (miR-483), encoded within an intron of IGF2 gene, has been suggested to be co-expressed with IGF-II.

Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the utility and reliability of circulating miR-483 as a biomarker for diagnosis and therapeutic outcome of NICTH.

NBF2, an Algal Fiber-Rich Formula, Reverses Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Hyperglycemia In Vivo.

, known as Aonori in Japan, is an edible alga species that is mass-cultivated in Japan. Supplementation with Aonori-derived biomaterials has been reported to enhance metabolic health in previous studies. This was an experimental study that evaluated the metabolic health effects of NBF2, a formula made of algal and -derived biomaterials, on obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Revealing subependymal giant cell astrocytoma with multimodal positron emission tomography: illustrative cases.

Background: There is limited literature on the use of positron emission tomography (PET) for benign tumors originating in the brain ventricles, and the use of multiple tracers for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) has not been reported. The authors compared the PET findings in two SEGA cases with past reports and literature, exploring the distinctive characteristics of SEGA on PET.

Observations: In a 21-year-old female with SEGA, the authors utilized 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), 11C-methionine (11C-MET), 18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT), 18F-fluoromisonidazole, and 18F-THK5351 tracers.

Has Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer Become Safer? Lessons Learned from a Global Clinical Registry.

Background And Objective: Active surveillance (AS) has evolved into a widely applied treatment strategy for many men around the world with low-risk prostate cancer (or in selected cases intermediate-risk disease). Here, we report on the safety and acceptability of AS, and treatment outcomes for low- and intermediate-risk tumours over time in 14 623 men with follow-up of over 6 yr.

Methods: Clinical data from 26 999 men on AS from 25 cohorts in 15 countries have been collected in an international database from 2000 onwards.

Infant gastrointestinal canthariasis caused by cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne).

Diseases caused by beetle larvae infestation are known as intestinal canthariasis. Canthariasis from the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne, is quite rare; however, with the accumulation of genetic references, such cases of accidental pseudo-parasitism have been increasingly recognized. Here, we describe a case of asymptomatic gastrointestinal passage of L.

Effect of ripasudil after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C: a multicentre, randomised, prospective clinical study.

Background: To investigate if there are improvements in trabeculectomy outcomes supporting filtration bleb formation caused by Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitors.

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, randomised, open-label clinical study examined open-angle glaucoma patients who underwent trabeculectomy or trabeculectomy combined with cataract surgery followed by 3-month postoperative ripasudil treatments. After randomly allocating patients to ripasudil-ROCK inhibitor (ripasudil) or without ripasudil (non-ripasudil) groups.

Effects of d-allose on anti-brain edema effects and reduction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in the water intoxication model.

Rare sugars, which exist only in very small quantities in nature, have recently attracted attention for their various biological functions in medicine. Among them, d-allose is known to have cytoprotective effects by antioxidant effects. In this study, we investigated whether the antioxidant effects of d-allose reduce brain edema in a water intoxication model of cytotoxic brain edema.

Impacts of Age and Gender on Brain Edema in a Mouse Water Intoxication Model.

Brain edema causes abnormal fluid retention and can be fatal in severe cases. Although it develops in various diseases, most treatments for brain edema are classical. We analyzed the impacts of age and gender on the characteristics of a water intoxication model that induces pure brain edema in mice and examined the model's usefulness for research regarding new treatments for brain edema.

Squamous cell carcinoma initially occurring on the tongue dorsum: a case series report with molecular analysis.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the dorsum of the tongue is extremely rare, and it clinically resembles various benign lesions. Somatic mutations in TP53 and some driver genes were implicated in the development of SCC; however, the somatic genetic characteristics of dorsal tongue SCC remain unknown. With a detailed analysis of gene mutations in dorsal tongue SCC, we aimed to better understand its biology.

COVID-19 fatality and DALYs, and associated metabolic disorders and ambient air pollutants in pre-Omicron era of the pandemic: an international comparative study.

Background: Air pollution and a number of metabolic disorders have been reported to increase the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. This study explored the association between severe COVID-19 outcomes, metabolic disorders and environmental air pollutants, at regional level, across 38 countries.

Methods: We conducted an ecological study using COVID-19 data related to countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), with an estimated population of 1.

Enhancing carbapenem antimicrobial dosing optimization: synergy of antimicrobial stewardship teams and ward-based clinical pharmacists.

Antimicrobial-product package inserts and insufficient staffing impede routine carbapenem monitoring in the inpatient setting in Japan. The collaboration between antimicrobial stewardship teams and clinical pharmacists was associated with a sustained improvement in carbapenem dosing optimization. Our findings could be of use to countries with inadequate monitoring of carbapenem antimicrobial use.

The basic reproduction number (R) of ebola virus disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ebola virus disease (Ebola) is highly pathogenic, transmissible, and often deadly, with debilitating consequences. Superspreading within a cluster is also possible. In this study, we aim to document Ebola basic reproduction number (R): the average number of new cases associated with an Ebola case in a completely susceptible population.