Association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor and adverse events in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Although there is concern about the association of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use with musculoskeletal pain, hypovolemia, and urinary tract infection in patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD), information on these adverse events is insufficient. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess whether SGLT2i increases the risk of urinary tract infection, hypovolemia, and musculoskeletal pain in these patients.

Methods: MEDLINE via PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the ClinicalTrials.

Concomitant use of lansoprazole and ceftriaxone is associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest in a large Japanese hospital database.

Objectives: To determine whether concomitant use of ceftriaxone and oral or intravenous lansoprazole increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac arrest in the real-world setting in Japan.

Methods: The data analyzed were obtained from the JMDC hospital-based administrative claims database for the period April 2014 to August 2022. Patients who received a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) while receiving ceftriaxone or sulbactam/ampicillin were identified.

Association between roxadustat use and suppression of thyroid function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Based on several case reports and observational studies, there is a growing concern regarding the potential association between roxadustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor, and suppression of thyroid function. In this systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42023471516), we aimed to evaluate the relationship between roxadustat use and suppression of thyroid function.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE via PubMed, ClinicalTrials.

Individual dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and acute kidney injury in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

This network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aimed to determine whether any individual dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). The Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched to identify relevant studies.

Influence of vasopressin receptor antagonists on triple-whammy acute kidney injury: A VigiBase analysis.

Although diuretics play an important role in triple-whammy acute kidney injury (AKI), it is unclear whether the type of diuretic influences the risk of triple-whammy AKI. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether vasopressin receptor antagonists affect triple-whammy AKI. This cross-sectional study used disproportionality analysis of VigiBase data to assess the risk of AKI with various diuretics.

Comparison of different sustained-release opioids and acute respiratory conditions in patients with cancer and chronic kidney disease.

Study Objective: Few data are available on the association between the use of oxycodone in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute respiratory conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether oxycodone is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory conditions in patients with cancer and CKD compared with other opioids.

Design And Setting: The data were obtained from a claims database in Japan.

Urate-Lowering Drugs and Muscle Injury: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Several urate-lowering drugs have been linked to muscle injury. This study investigated the association of oral urate-lowering drugs with the risk of muscle injury by performing a network meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. A systematic search of MEDLINE, via PubMed, the ClinicalTrials.

Association between misoprostol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced kidney injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Misoprostol is a prostaglandin E1 analogue that is used to prevent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate whether use of misoprostol also decreases the risk of NSAID-induced kidney injury.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials that compared misoprostol vs.

Association between immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis and concomitant use of thiazide diuretics.

Although an association has been reported between diuretics and myocarditis, it is unclear whether the risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced myocarditis is affected by concomitant diuretics. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of concomitant diuretics on ICI-induced myocarditis. This cross-sectional study used disproportionality analysis and a pharmacovigilance database to assess the risk of myocarditis with various diuretics in patients receiving ICIs via the analysis of data entered into the VigiBase database through December 2022.

Cardiovascular Toxicities Associated with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitors: A Disproportionality Analysis of the WHO Pharmacovigilance Database (VigiBase).

Introduction: Recently, cases of cardiovascular toxicities, such as pericarditis, caused by anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have been reported; however, whether these adverse events are common among all ALK inhibitors remains unclear.

Aims: This study aimed to clarify the cardiovascular toxicity profile of ALK inhibitors using an adverse event spontaneous report database.

Methods: We analyzed data from VigiBase, the WHO global database of individual safety reports, from its inception in 1968 to December 2021.

Comparison of motor function recovery and brain changes in intracerebral hemorrhagic and ischemic rats with similar brain damage.

In this study, we compared the mechanisms of brain recovery in intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemia, focusing on synapses, glial cells, and dopamine expression, which are considered fundamental for neural recovery after stroke. Male Wistar rats were divided into intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemia, and sham surgery (SHAM) groups. The intracerebral hemorrhage group was injected with a collagenase solution, the ischemia group was injected with an endothelin-1 solution, and the SHAM group was injected with physiological saline.

Dysautonomia associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical characteristics of dysautonomia associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: We reported two patients with autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) occurring as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We also performed a review of previous case reports presenting dysautonomia during ICI therapy.

Evaluation of Risk of Cardiac or Cerebrovascular Events in Romosozumab Users Focusing on Comorbidities: Analysis of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database.

Romosozumab is associated with an increased risk of cardiac or cerebrovascular events. Identifying the risk factors for these events could contribute to the safe use of romosozumab. This study aimed to investigate risk factors for cardiac or cerebrovascular events in romosozumab users.

Association between use of febuxostat and muscle injury: A disproportionality analysis and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aims: Several reports have suggested an association between febuxostat and muscle injury. The purpose of this study was to determine whether febuxostat increases the risk of muscle injury. This study included an analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database and a systematic review/meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Characterization of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myasthenia Gravis Using the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare but fatal adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We assessed whether patient characteristics differed between those with ICI-related myasthenia gravis and those with idiopathic myasthenia gravis. Reports from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System were analyzed.

[Association between Distigmine-induced Adverse Events and Serum Butyrylcholinesterase Level: A Multicenter Retrospective Study].

Distigmine sometimes causes severe adverse events, and the serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) level is reduced by distigmine. However, limited data are available on the association between serum BChE level and the risk of distigmine-induced adverse events. To clarify the association between the risk of distigmine-induced adverse events and serum BChE level, we retrospectively reviewed 371 patients with 2199 measurements of serum BChE levels at three hospitals, of whom 24 (6.