Injury Pattern and Current Early Clinical Care of Pediatric Polytrauma Comparing Different Age Groups in a Level I Trauma Center.

Pediatric polytrauma is a complex condition with unique characteristics and requirements for early clinical care. This study aimed to analyze the injury patterns, early clinical care, and outcomes of pediatric polytrauma patients in a Level I trauma center. The focus was on evaluation between different age groups and the recognition of injuries as potential factors influencing outcomes.

Liver transplantation during infancy: No increased rate of neurological complications.

pLT is a highly standardized therapy for children with end-stage liver disease and liver-based metabolic diseases. However, NCs after transplantation occur and especially younger children are considered as more vulnerable and susceptible to NCs. Up to now, detailed data particularly for the very young age group do not exist.

Phenotypic spectrum and diagnostic pitfalls of ABCB4 deficiency depending on age of onset.

Genetic variants in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B member 4 () gene, which encodes hepatocanalicular phosphatidylcholine floppase, can lead to different phenotypes, such as progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) type 3, low phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. The aim of this multicenter project was to collect information on onset and progression of this entity in different age groups and to assess the relevance of this disease for the differential diagnosis of chronic liver disease. Clinical and laboratory data of 38 patients (17 males, 21 females, from 29 families) with homozygous or (compound) heterozygous mutations were retrospectively collected.

Glucose Metabolism and Associated Outcome After Pediatric Liver Transplantation.

Background: Despite hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia being frequently observed in the early postoperative phase, information on glucose metabolism after pediatric liver transplantation (pLT) is scarce.

Methods: The goal of this retrospective single-center study, which included 46 patients who consecutively underwent 55 liver transplantations, was to gather data on glucose uptake, the prognostic relevance of hyperglycemia, and the safety of insulin administration in patients after pLT.

Results: In this study population, glucose intake to keep blood sugar levels (BSLs) within the targeted range of 120 to 200 mg/dL (6.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for severe cardiac failure in a pediatric patient with intracranial hemorrhage after spontaneous aneurysmatic rupture.

Introduction: Extracorporeal life support in adult patients with extended intracranial hemorrhage is controversial. In pediatric patients, it has traditionally been considered a contraindication as systemic anticoagulation may worsen the hemorrhage and neurological outcome.

Case History: We present a nine-year-old female patient who was admitted with extended intracranial hemorrhage after spontaneous rupture of an aneurysm.

Percutaneous treatment of biliary complications in pediatric patients after liver transplantation.

Purpose: Evaluation of the efficiency and safety of the percutaneous treatment of biliary complications in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of children who underwent biliary percutaneous interventions after pediatric liver transplantation (PLT) over a 4-year period. Kind of biliary complication, interval between liver transplantation and intervention, status of the vessels, procedural interventional management, technical and clinical success, course of cholestasis, PTBD-related complications and patient survival were analyzed.

Urban-rural differences in the gene expression profiles of Ghanaian children.

Recent studies indicate that urbanization is having a pronounced effect on disease patterns in developing countries. To understand the immunological basis of this, we examined mRNA expression in whole blood of genes involved in immune activation and regulation in 151 children aged 5-13 years attending rural, urban low socioeconomic status (SES) and urban high-SES schools in Ghana. Samples were also collected to detect helminth and malaria infections.

Epigenetics in asthma and allergy.

Purpose Of Review: Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification and microRNA control the accessibility of the genome and manage gene transcription in response to the environment in a heritable fashion. Recent evidence suggests that these mechanisms play a role in allergy and asthma.

Recent Findings: Here, we give an overview on recent developments in the field of asthma and allergy epigenetics with a special focus on the role of DNA methylation in these diseases, where finally, first pilot studies investigating differences in methylation pattern in patients have been published.

Interventional radiological treatment of perihepatic vascular stenosis or occlusion in pediatric patients after liver transplantation.

Purpose: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of percutaneous treatment of vascular stenoses and occlusions in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 8.3 years) underwent interventional procedures for 18 vascular complications after liver transplantation.