2,909 results match your criteria: "KU Leuven (University of Leuven)[Affiliation]"

A versatile and automatic on-line screening method: Transverse diffusion of laminar flow profiles-based capillary electrophoresis for exploring PTP1B inhibitors in natural products.

J Chromatogr A

December 2024

KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, O&N2, PB 923, Herestraat 49 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:

Natural products (NPs) play an important role in drug discovery and drug development due to their diverse chemical properties and biological activities. In the present work, an on-line capillary electrophoresis (CE) method was developed and applied to screen protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitors in NPs. As a generic technique, transverse diffusion of laminar flow profiles (TDLFP) was utilized to mix all reactants in the capillary for on-line enzymatic reaction.

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Effect of IV Thrombolysis With Alteplase in Patients With Vessel Occlusion in the WAKE-UP Trial.

Neurology

January 2025

From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin (I.G., J.B.F.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Service de Biostatistique (F.B., P.R.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Department of Neurology (B.C., C.G., G.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, France; Department of Stroke Medicine (T.-H.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Neurologie der Rehaklinik Medical Park Humboldtmühle (M. Ebinger), Berlin; Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie (M. Endres), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (M. Endres); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), partner site Berlin (M. Endres); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin (M. Endres); German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Berlin (M. Endres), Germany; Department of Neurology (C.E.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.F.), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Robertson Centre for Biostatistics (I.F.), University of Glasgow, Scotland; mediri GmbH (J.G.); Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS (M.G.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Neurosciences (R.L., A.W.), Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Belgium; School of Psychology & Neuroscience (K.W.M.), University of Glasgow, Scotland; Department of Stroke Medicine (N.N.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, and Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Department of Neurology (C.Z.S.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (V.N.T.), Heidelberg, Australia; and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (S.P.), Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain.

Background And Objectives: Data from randomized trials on the treatment effect of pure thrombolysis in patients with vessel occlusion are lacking. We examined data from a corresponding subsample of patients from the multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled WAKE-UP trial to determine whether MRI-guided IV thrombolysis with alteplase in unknown-onset ischemic stroke benefits patients presenting with vessel occlusion.

Methods: Patients with an acute ischemic lesion visible on MRI diffusion-weighted imaging but no marked parenchymal hyperintensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images were randomized to treatment with IV alteplase or placebo.

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C21ORF2 mutations point towards primary cilia dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Brain

December 2024

Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

Progressive loss of motor neurons is the hallmark of the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the underlying disease mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigate the effects of C21ORF2 mutations, a gene recently linked to ALS, and find that primary cilia are dysfunctional. Human patient-derived mutant C21ORF2 motor neurons have a reduced ciliary frequency and length.

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4-Oxo-β-lactams as Covalent Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Intramembrane Protease PARL.

ACS Med Chem Lett

December 2024

Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 901b, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

Rhomboid proteases play a variety of physiological roles, but rhomboid protease inhibitors have been mostly developed for the model rhomboid GlpG. In this work, we screened different electrophilic scaffolds against the human mitochondrial rhomboid PARL and found 4-oxo-β-lactams as submicromolar inhibitors. Multifaceted computations suggest explanations for the activity at the molecular scale and provide models of covalently bound complexes.

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Neural tracking of the speech envelope predicts binaural unmasking.

Eur J Neurosci

December 2024

Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Binaural unmasking is a remarkable phenomenon that it is substantially easier to detect a signal in noise when the interaural parameters of the signal are different from those of the noise - a useful mechanism in so-called cocktail party scenarios. In this study, we investigated the effect of binaural unmasking on neural tracking of the speech envelope. We measured EEG in 8 participants who listened to speech in noise at a fixed signal-to-noise ratio, in two conditions: one where speech and noise had the same interaural phase difference (both speech and noise having an opposite waveform across ears, SπNπ), and one where the interaural phase difference of the speech was different from that of the noise (only the speech having an opposite waveform across ears, SπN).

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Tracking the journey: Gastrointestinal transit and intraluminal pH dynamics in aging populations using wireless motility capsule.

Int J Pharm

December 2024

Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:

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Atypical epithelioid trophoblastic lesion presenting as pseudocyst from the niche in the cesarean scar: A case report and review of the literature.

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol

January 2025

Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to review a rare type of tumor known as Atypical Placental Site Nodule (APSN), particularly focusing on a case of a post Cesarean Section cyst and fistula that shared features with both placental site nodule and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor.
  • Researchers searched databases like PubMed and Web of Science for similar cases, specifically those with cyst or fistula formations after Cesarean sections, broadening their search due to the limited understanding of "atypical epithelioid trophoblastic lesion."
  • The results highlighted eight similar cases documented in literature, showcasing symptoms like vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain, with most cases showing high Ki-67 proliferation indices but no sign
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Nitrogen dioxide sterilization of a set of five ophthalmic active pharmaceutical ingredients: Impact on impurity profile and content.

J Pharm Biomed Anal

February 2025

KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, Leuven 3000, Belgium. Electronic address:

Literature about sterilization of pharmaceutical substances is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen dioxide (NO) sterilization, a new emerging technology, on five different ophthalmic active pharmaceutical ingredients, i.e.

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Background: We conducted a volume-outcome (V-O) meta-analysis of PEA procedures for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), to objectively determine the minimum required annual case load that can define a high-volume centre.

Methods: Three electronic databases were systematically queried until May 1st, 2024. Centres were divided in volume tertiles (Ts).

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In patients diagnosed with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) or B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) relapsing after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT), it is a standard practice to perform anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. When collected from the patient after allo-HCT, the produced CAR-T cells are likely to be donor T-cell-derived, creating unknown safety risks due to their potential allo-reactivity. We therefore performed an EBMT registry-based study on the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in this setting.

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The major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), APOE4, accelerates beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaque formation, but whether this is caused by APOE expressed in microglia or astrocytes is debated. We express here the human APOE isoforms in astrocytes in an Apoe-deficient AD mouse model. This is not only sufficient to restore the amyloid plaque pathology but also induces the characteristic transcriptional pathological responses in Apoe-deficient microglia surrounding the plaques.

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Purpose: To investigate reliability, concurrent validity and clinical feasibility of local tissue water measurements in patients with lower limb lymphedema and healthy controls.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study the Moisture Meter D Compact device (MMDC) measurement and "pitting test" were performed three times by two assessors to test intra- and inter-rater reliability in 47 patients and 30 healthy controls. To investigate the between-session reliability, 29 patients and 21 healthy controls were reassessed two weeks later.

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Postoperative ileus-Immune mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.

Neurogastroenterol Motil

October 2024

Center of Intestinal Neuro-Immune Interactions, Translational Research Center for GI Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a condition marked by a temporary suppression of gastrointestinal motility following abdominal surgery. The mechanism of POI encompasses various factors and is characterized by two phases: the early neurogenic phase involving both adrenergic and non-adrenergic neural pathways; the later immune-mediated phase is characterized by a sterile inflammatory response that lasts several days. Activation of muscularis macrophages triggers a sterile inflammatory process that results in dysfunction of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and a reversible inhibition of gastrointestinal motility.

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Higher Frequency of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Shedding by Cats than Dogs in Households with Owners Recently Diagnosed with COVID-19.

Viruses

October 2024

Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.

Article Synopsis
  • Studies show that companion animals, particularly cats, can naturally contract SARS-CoV-2 from infected owners, with 25% of cats in one study testing positive.
  • The research involved collecting swabs from dogs and cats in Southern Brazil, revealing no clinical signs of illness despite viral RNA presence.
  • Key mutations were found in the viral strains, indicating a need for ongoing monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in pets to prevent potential risks to human health from new variants.
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Article Synopsis
  • Recent research utilizing rolling circle amplification (RCA) and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) has advanced our understanding of bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types associated with lesions in bulls.
  • This study successfully sequenced the genomes of BPV types from esophageal lesions in a bull, revealing the presence of both BPV2 and BPV4—indicating a mixed viral infection in the carcinoma in situ.
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  • The study aimed to create a protocol for acid-etching two types of dental cements, Biodentine and Cimmo DTA, by examining their compressive strength, bond strength, and surface characteristics after various etching times.
  • Four groups of test specimens (n=12) for each cement were tested at different acid-etching intervals of 0, 5, 10, and 15 seconds.
  • Results showed Biodentine had significantly greater compressive strength than Cimmo DTA, and the optimal etching methods differed: selective etching for Biodentine and a full 15-second etch for Cimmo DTA.
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  • Guidelines suggest low-dose colchicine can help prevent secondary cardiovascular issues, but its effectiveness for stroke and safety risks are still uncertain.
  • A meta-analysis of six trials with nearly 15,000 patients showed colchicine reduces the risk of ischaemic stroke and major cardiovascular events by 27% without increasing serious safety concerns.
  • Colchicine's benefits were consistent across different patient groups, and it didn't raise the risk of hospitalization for serious conditions or all-cause mortality.
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Desorption of volatile anaesthetics from CONTRAfluran™ during total intravenous anaesthesia with a high fresh gas flow.

Br J Anaesth

December 2024

Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

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From breast cancer diagnosis to survivorship: Analyzing perioperative biopsychosocial phenotypes and their relationship to pain on long term.

J Pain

October 2024

MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Pain in Motion International Research Group, Belgium. Electronic address:

Persistent breast cancer treatment-related pain affects up to 40% of patients, decreasing their quality of life (QoL). While current research typically utilizes correlation and regression analysis to identify biopsychosocial phenotypes contributing to this pain, this study employs cluster analysis to identify qualitatively different phenotypes based on somatosensory and psychosocial characteristics both before and one week post-breast cancer surgery. Further, it investigates how these phenotypes are related to pain intensity one year post-surgery and examines the evolution of phenotype membership from pre- to post-surgery.

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Despite the increasing inclusion of communication skills in accreditation standards and an increase in time dedicated to teaching these skills, communication is often regarded as a separate skill and is therefore, not consistently represented in overall systems of assessment in Health Professions Education (HPE). The ascendence of competency-based medical education, programmatic assessment, artificial intelligence, and widespread use of telehealth, alongside changing patient expectations warrant an update in thinking about the assessment of communication skills in health professions education. This consensus statement draws on existing literature, expert pinion, and emerging challenges to situate the assessment of communication skills in the contemporary health professions education context.

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