The role of Histidine buffer in the iron-catalyzed formation of oxidizing species in pharmaceutical formulations: mechanistic studies.

Iron-catalyzed oxidation reactions are common degradation pathways in pharmaceutical formulations. Buffers can influence oxidation reactions promoted by iron (Fe) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). However, mechanistically, the specific role of buffers in such reactions is not well understood.

ALA photodynamic therapy combined with dual 980nm/1470nm diode laser for classic Kaposi's sarcoma.

A 84-year old man who has a history of refractory Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was treated with ALA-PDT combined with the dual 980-nm/1470-nm diode laser for 6 times every other week. Satisfactory result was noted without any unbearable adverse effects. The combination of the dual 980nm/1470nm diode laser and ALA-PDT may be an ideal strategy in treating local KS with good tolerance, especially in elder patients who can not tolerate radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Prolonged immune response to tick-borne Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection using a genetically modified live vaccine.

Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick transmitted rickettsial bacterium, causes monocytic ehrlichiosis in humans and dogs. Earlier, we demonstrated that dogs immunized with a mutant strain of E. chaffeensis having a functional disruption in the gene encoding the phage head-to-tail connector protein serves as a modified live vaccine (MLAV) capable of inducing immunity against intravenous and tick-transmitted infection challenges within one month of vaccination.

Association of clinical knowledge with patient care ownership among resident physicians: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Japan.

Purpose: Both clinical knowledge and patient care ownership (PCO) are crucial to the provision of quality patient care and should be acquired during training. However, the association between these two concepts is under-examined. Here, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study to investigate the association between clinical knowledge and PCO among resident physicians in Japan.

Tucatinib and trastuzumab in HER2-mutated metastatic breast cancer: a phase 2 basket trial.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, also known as ERBB2) signaling promotes cell growth and differentiation, and is overexpressed in several tumor types, including breast, gastric and colorectal cancer. HER2-targeted therapies have shown clinical activity against these tumor types, resulting in regulatory approvals. However, the efficacy of HER2 therapies in tumors with HER2 mutations has not been widely investigated.

Energy feature extraction and visualization of voltage sags using wavelet packet analysis for enhanced power quality monitoring.

Power quality (PQ) disturbances, such as voltage sags, are significant issues that can lead to damage in electrical equipment and system downtime. Detecting and classifying these disturbances accurately is essential for maintaining reliable power systems. This paper introduces a novel approach to voltage sag analysis by employing wavelet packet analysis combined with energy-based feature extraction to enhance PQ monitoring.

The 2021 American Hand Therapy Foundation research priorities survey.

Background: In 1998, the American Hand Therapy Foundation (AHTF) surveyed Certified Hand Therapists and active Charter Members of the American Society of Hand Therapists to identify hand rehabilitation research priorities, guide grant awards, and confirm alignment with the foundation's mission.

Purpose: The American Hand Therapy Foundation repeated the survey in 2021 to confirm that its award funding was consistent with hand therapists' research priorities.

Study Design: Convergent parallel mixed method study design.

Characterizing Oxidative Stress induced by Aβ Oligomers and the Protective Role of Carnosine in Primary Mixed Glia Cultures.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. A critical aspect of AD pathology is represented by oxidative stress, which significantly contributes to neuronal damage and death. Microglia and astrocytes, the primary glial cells in the brain, are crucial for managing oxidative stress and supporting neuronal function.

Microplastic migration and transformation pathways and exposure health risks.

Plastics play a crucial role in modern life, but improper use and disposal have resulted in microplastics becoming widespread in the environment, raising significant concerns about both the environment and human health. Extensive research has explored the transformation mechanisms, bioaccumulation, ecological impacts, and health risks associated with microplastics. The present review first analyzes the migration, transformation, and degradation pathways of microplastics on a global scale, and then synthesizes current knowledge on the types, sources, and migration pathways of microplastics in soil, atmosphere, and aquatic environments, emphasizing transformation mechanisms like photo-aging and microbial degradation, and detailing their ecological and human health impacts.

Immunogenicity and safety of a monovalent omicron XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccine as a heterologous booster dose in US adults: interim analysis of a single-arm phase 2/3 study.

Background: Authorities globally recommended a monovalent omicron XBB.1.5-based COVID-19 vaccine for the 2023-24 season.

Artificial intelligence in molecular biology.

In recent years, computational methods and artificial intelligence approaches have proven uniquely suited for studying patterns in molecular biology. In this focus issue, we spoke with researchers about using these tools to address various biological questions and explore both current implications and future possibilities.

Embedding Universal Language Promotion in Pediatric Primary Care to Optimize Early Child Development and Reduce Long-Term Health Disparities.

Objective: To report on the feasibility and outcomes of universal language promotion intervention (Talk With Me Baby [TWMB]) embedded within routine well-child care for children from birth to 3-years old.

Methods: Across 2 primary care clinics, 29 health care team members participated in a 12-month trial to deliver TWMB within well-child care visits. Feasibility was based on clinician feedback during the trial, clinician knowledge assessments, and clinic data.

Separation and recycling of hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant mixtures with fluoropolymer-coated hollow fiber membranes.

Many hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants used in air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment are being phased out based on international restrictions to reduce global warming. Over 1 billion kilograms of hydrofluorocarbons are in use, and recycling is imperative to preventing the release of these greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. We report on composite hollow fiber membranes that can efficiently separate a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane that is used worldwide in air conditioners.

Isolated hypoglossia: Oromandibular Limb Hypogenesis Syndrome Type 1 A - A Rare Case Report.

Hypoglossia is a rare developmental anomaly of tongue. It is usually associated with various syndromes and other anomalies. Most common association of hypoglossia is with limb deformity and these disorders are collectively grouped as Oro Mandibular Limb Hypogenesis (OLHS) Syndrome.

Resuscitation of a case of allergy, infarction, and ventricular fibrillation: Kounis syndrome type II and literature review.

To study a case of Kounis syndrome (KS) type II, characterized by allergy, myocardial infarction, and ventricular fibrillation. A patient diagnosed with KS type II was admitted to Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University in 2021. After systemic treatment, routine investigations, including blood tests, electrocardiography (ECG), and biochemical and coagulation analyses, were performed.

An Interventional Health Education Study to Transition the General Population's Opinion on Organ Donation From Reluctance to Acceptance.

Introduction: Organ donation refers to the collection of a human organ from a living or deceased donor and its transplantation into a recipient. An organ transplant recipient is a patient with organ failure who will not survive unless he receives a new organ. Although the benefits of organ transplantation are undeniable, there is a significant gap between the number of donors and recipients, as the demand for organs greatly surpasses the available supply.

Dependability of Procalcitonin as an Early Predictor of Infection in Open Fractures: An Observational Study.

Introduction Open extremity fractures are complex injuries involving soft tissue disruption and bone discontinuity, often associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to complications such as infection. Infection remains a primary concern, exacerbating patient outcomes and increasing healthcare costs. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker with potential utility for early detection of infection in these cases.

The Effect of Sensory Reweighting on Postural Control and Cortical Activity in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sensory reweighting on postural control and cortical activity in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) compared to age-matched controls using a virtual reality sensory organization test (VR-SOT).

Design: Cross-sectional pilot study.

Setting: University research laboratory.

Organic Spacers Modulated Low Dose X-Ray Detection in Hybrid Halide 2D Perovskites: Unveiling Exciton Dynamics.

In this study, we investigate how modulating organic spacers in perovskites influences their X-ray detection performance and reveal the mechanism of low-dose detection with high sensitivity using femtosecond-transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS). Particularly, we employ N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediammonium (TMPDA) and N,N-dimethylphenylene-p-diammonium (DPDA) as organic spacers to synthesize 2D perovskite single crystals (SCs). We find that DPDA-based SCs exhibit reduced interplanar spacing between inorganic layers, leading to increased lattice packing.

Distinct molecular and clinical features of specific variants of KRAS codon 12 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

PURPOSE Oncogenic mutations in KRAS have been identified in > 85% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases. G12D, G12V, and G12R are the most frequent variants. Using large clinical and genomic databases, this study characterizes prognostic and molecular differences between KRAS variants, focusing on KRAS G12D and G12R.

Models for Studying Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Progression.

An estimated 55,720 new cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) will be diagnosed in 2023 in the USA alone because of the increased use of screening mammography. The treatment goal in DCIS is early detection and treatment with the hope of preventing progression into invasive disease. Previous studies show progression into invasive cancer as well as reduction in mortality from treatment is not as high as previously thought.

Sequential Double-Lung Transplantation In Kartagener Syndrome: A Case Report.

Kartagener syndrome (KS) is a rare congenital disorder, characterized by sinusitis, bronchiectasis and situs inversus. Lung transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage lung failure, but dextrocardia and differences between hilar structures and pulmonary lobes require adjustments to conventional surgical technique. We present a case of a double-lung transplant without extracorporeal oxygenation in a 48-year-old male patient with KS.