Extracellular vesicle-packaged PIAT from cancer-associated fibroblasts drives neural remodeling by mediating m5C modification in pancreatic cancer mouse models.

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a biological characteristic commonly observed in pancreatic cancer. Although PNI plays a key role in pancreatic cancer metastasis, recurrence, and poor postoperative survival, its mechanism is largely unclarified. Clinical sample analysis and endoscopic ultrasonographic elasticity scoring indicated that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were closely related to the occurrence of PNI.

β-lactam resistant phenotypes reported by VITEK®2 advanced expert system (AES) compared to whole genome sequencing in Enterobacterales from North and Latin America.

The VITEK®2 AES β-lactam phenotypes of 488 Enterobacterales from North and Latin America generated by the VITEK®2 were compared to the resistance genotypes provided by whole genome sequencing (WGS). The AES provided phenotypic reports for 447 (91.6 %) isolates, including isolates harbouring carbapenemases (195; 43.

Advancing Clinical Trial Design for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: Despite recent drug development for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), few therapies have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and there remains an unmet clinical need. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) supply issues underscore the importance of developing safe and effective drugs for NMIBC.

Objective: On November 18-19, 2021, the FDA held a public virtual workshop to discuss NMIBC research needs and potential trial designs for future development of effective therapies.

CRISPR-Cas3 and type I restriction-modification team up against bla-IncF plasmid transfer in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objective: We explored whether the Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas and restriction-modification (R-M) systems are compatible and act together to resist plasmid attacks.

Methods: 932 global whole-genome sequences from GenBank, and 459 K. pneumoniae isolates from six provinces of China, were collected to investigate the co-distribution of CRISPR-Cas, R-M systems, and bla plasmid.

Pancreatic STAT5 activation promotes Kras-induced and inflammation-induced acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and pancreatic cancer.

Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy because it is often diagnosed at a late-stage. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) is a transcription factor implicated in the progression of various cancer types. However, its role in KRAS-driven pancreatic tumourigenesis remains unclear.

Evolution of Under the Pressure of Carbapenems and Ceftazidime/Avibactam in a Patient With Persistent Bacteremia Caused by .

A 30-year-old Korean man with myelodysplastic syndrome admitted hospital due to undifferentiated fever and recurrent skin lesions. He received combination therapy with high doses of meropenem, tigecycline and amikacin, yielding carbapenem resistant (CRKP) harboring carbapenemase (KPC)-2 from blood cultures on hospital day (HD) 23. Ceftazidime/avibactam was started at HD 37 and CRKP was eradicated from blood cultures after 5 days.

Improvement of knowledge following diabetes self-management education with respect to socioeconomic status: A retrospective cohort study among type 2 diabetes in Eastern India.

Introduction: We assessed the baseline knowledge and the improvement and retention of knowledge after attending diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs with respect to different socioeconomic status (SES). We also looked into the change in body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and glycemic parameters after attending the DSME sessions.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective, cohort study carried out via chart review based on data collected from manual or electronic medical records (EMR) and questionnaire responses of 160 adult patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who attended two DSME sessions with a gap of at least six months.

Study of the Epidemiological and Mechanistic Differences Between Carbapenem-Resistant Infections in Children and Adults.

Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) has garnered international concern due to its significant antibiotic resistance. Notably, children exhibit distinct resistance mechanisms compared to adults, necessitating a differential approach to antibiotic selection. A thorough analysis of CRKP's epidemiology and drug resistance mechanisms is essential for establishing a robust foundation for clinical anti-infection strategies and precise prevention and control measures.

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL 2244 secreted metabolites display killing and antibiotic synergistic activity against multi-drug resistant pathogens.

A growing increase in the number of serious infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR) is challenging our society. Despite efforts to discover novel therapeutic options, few antibiotics targeting MDR have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Lactic acid bacteria have emerged as a promising therapeutic alternative due to their demonstrated ability to combat MDR pathogens in vitro.

Nursing Personnel Workload and Staffing Need for Rural Hospitals of Darjeeling District, India: Assessment by Application of Workload Indicators of Staffing Need Tool (World Health Organization).

Background: The Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) human resource planning and management tool developed by Shipp (1998) and popularized by the World Health Organization gives health managers a way to analyze and calculate correct staffing levels in health facilities.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the current workload and staffing need of staff nurses for rural hospitals in Darjeeling district, West Bengal.

Materials And Methods: Primary data were collected by interviews with nursing personnel using a semi-structured interview schedule.

Characteristic of KPC-12, a KPC Variant Conferring Resistance to Ceftazidime-Avibactam in the Carbapenem-Resistant ST11-KL47 Clone Background.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) infections are a great threat to public health worldwide. Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is an effective -lactam/-lactamase inhibitors against CRKP. However, reports of resistance to CZA, mainly caused by carbapenemase (KPC) variants, have increased in recent years.

Exploring the Antibacterial Potential of Compounds Targeting the Hydrolase/Antibiotic Protein in : In Vitro and In Silico Investigations.

Carbapenem antibiotic resistance is an emerging medical concern. Bacteria that possess the carbapenemase (KPC) protein, an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of carbapenem antibiotics, have exhibited remarkable resistance to traditional and even modern therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to identify potential natural drug candidates sourced from the leaves of ().

Auranofin enhances the antibacterial effects of ertapenem against carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli.

The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) is increasing worldwide, and infections caused by CREC are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates. It is within this context that combination therapy has been reported as an effective strategy for treating resistant bacteria. Auranofin was approved by the FDA for treating rheumatoid arthritis.

Distribution and molecular characterization of carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria in Henan, China.

This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trends over time of carbapenemase-producing (e.g., KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, and OXA-48) Gram-negative bacteria (CPGNB).

Molecular epidemiology and risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections during 2020-2021 in Northwest China.

Objectives: Severe infection caused by Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a challenge for clinical anti-infective therapy, and clinical intervention to improve control of CRE is of great significance. The study aims to determine the molecular epidemiology and risk factors of CRE infections to provide evidence for effective control of nosocomial infection in patients with CRE.

Methods: A total of 192 non-repetitive CRE strains were collected from January 2020 to December 2021 in Northwest China.

Computational exploration of compounds as CviR-mediated quorum sensing inhibitors against .

an opportunistic human pathogenic bacterium, exhibits resistance to conventional antibiotics by exploiting its quorum sensing mechanism to regulate virulence factor expression. In light of this, disrupting the quorum sensing mechanism presents a promising avenue for treating infections caused by this pathogen. The study focused on using the cytoplasmic quorum sensing receptor CviR from as a model target to identify novel quorum sensing inhibitors from through computational approaches.

Emergence of an Extensive Drug Resistant Clinical Strain Harboring , , and .

Background: To explore the plasmid characteristics and transfer mechanisms of an extensive drug resistant (XDR) clinical isolate, L2724hy, co-producing , , and .

Methods: Species confirmation of L2724hy was achieved through 16S rRNA sequencing and Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) employed the agar dilution and micro broth dilution methods.

Comparative study of phenotypic-based detection assays for carbapenemases in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a serious health concern worldwide, causing high mortality rates and limited medical therapy options. Carbapenem resistance is a significant problem in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. The synthesis of acquired carbapenemases, such as oxacillinases, IMP, NDM, VIM, and KPC enzymes, causes carbapenem resistance.

ZDHHC20-mediated S-palmitoylation of YTHDF3 stabilizes MYC mRNA to promote pancreatic cancer progression.

Post-translational modifications of proteins in malignant transformation and tumor maintenance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in the context of KRAS signaling remain poorly understood. Here, we use the KPC mouse model to examine the effect of palmitoylation on pancreatic cancer progression. ZDHHC20, upregulated by KRAS, is abnormally overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Comparative Analysis of Tenecteplase versus Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicentric Observational Study from Eastern India.

Background: Tenecteplase is used as an alternative to alteplase and is considered noninferior for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of tenecteplase and alteplase in the real-world management of acute ischemic stroke.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we collected data from acute ischemic stroke patients admitted in six hospitals in West Bengal, India, and were thrombolysed with tenecteplase or alteplase between July 2021 and June 2022.