Perspectives on NO Emissions and Impacts from Ammonia Combustion Processes.

Climate change and global warming necessitate the shift toward low-emission, carbon-free fuels. Although hydrogen boasts zero carbon content and high performance, its utilization is impeded by the complexities and costs involved in liquefaction, preservation, and transportation. Ammonia has emerged as a viable alternative that offers potential as a renewable energy storage medium and supports the global economy's decarbonization.

Medical staff monitoring in interventional cardiology: over apron dosemeter placement based on measurements and simulations.

Interventional cardiology is characterized by high radiation exposure for both the patient and the operator. Adequate shielding and monitoring of the operator are fundamental to comply with radiation protection principles. In a previous work, the effect on the dose of the dosemeter position on the chest was studied.

The European intercomparison of in-vivo monitoring laboratories: the EIVIC-2020 project.

The EIVIC project was launched in 2020, and the main goal was the organisation of a European intercomparison of in-vivo monitoring laboratories dealing with direct measurements of gamma-emitting radionuclides incorporated into the body of exposed workers. This project was organised jointly by members of EURADOS Working Group 7 on internal dosimetry (WG7), the Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS, Germany) and the Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety Institute (IRSN, France). The objective was to assess the implementation of individual-monitoring requirements in EU Member States on the basis of in-vivo measurements and to gain insight into the performance of in-vivo measurements using whole-body counters.

Model-Driven Dementia Prevention and Intervention Platform.

Most types of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, are not curable. However, there are risk factors, such as obesity or hypertension, that can promote the development of dementia. Holistic treatment of these risk factors can prevent the onset of dementia or delay it in its early stages.

Correction: Thermally stable mesoporous tetragonal zirconia through surfactant-controlled synthesis and Si-stabilization.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D2RA01459A.].

Thermally stable mesoporous tetragonal zirconia through surfactant-controlled synthesis and Si-stabilization.

Thermally stable, highly mesoporous Si-stabilized ZrO was prepared by sol-gel-synthesis. By utilizing the surfactant dodecylamine (DDA), large mesopores with a pore width of ∼9.4 nm are formed.

Digital Health Apps in the Context of Dementia: Questionnaire Study to Assess the Likelihood of Use Among Physicians.

Background: Age-related diseases such as dementia are playing an increasingly important role in global population development. Thus, prevention, diagnostics, and interventions require more accessibility, which can be realized through digital health apps. With the app on prescription, Germany made history by being the first country worldwide to offer physicians the possibility to prescribe and reimburse digital health apps as of the end of the year 2020.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Ambulatory Digital Dementia Screenings.

Recently, digital apps have entered the market to enable the early diagnosis of dementia by offering digital dementia screenings. Some of these apps use Machine Learning (ML) to predict cognitive impairment. The aim of this work is to find explanations for the predictions of such a mobile application called DemPredict using methods from the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI).

Controlled Adhesion of HUVEC on Polyelectrolyte Multilayers by Regulation of Coating Conditions.

Adhesion of host cells on the surface of implants is necessary for a healthy ingrowth of the implanted material. One possibility of surface modification is the coating of the implant with a second material with advantageous physical-chemical surface properties for the biological system. The coverage with blood proteins takes place immediately after implantation.

Detailed Analysis of the Ice Surface after Binding of an Insect Antifreeze Protein and Correlation with the Gibbs-Thomson Equation.

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are able to influence the ice crystal growth and the recrystallization process due to the Gibbs-Thomson effect. The binding of the AFP leads to the formation of a curved ice surface and it is generally assumed that there is a critical radius between the proteins on the ice surface that determines the maximal thermal hysteresis. Up to now, this critical radius has not yet been proven beyond doubt or only in poor agreement with the Gibbs-Thomson equation.

The Influence of Halide Substituents on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of FeDy Rings.

We report the synthesis and magnetic properties of three new nine-membered Fe(III)-Dy(III) cyclic coordination clusters (CCCs), with a core motif of [FeDy(μ-OMe)(vanox)(X-benz)] where the benzoate ligands are substituted in the para-position with X = F (), Cl (), Br (). Single crystal X-ray diffraction structure analyses show that for the smaller fluorine or chlorine substituents the resulting structures exhibit an isostructural FeDy core, whilst the 4-bromobenzoate ligand leads to structural distortions which affect the dynamic magnetic behavior. The magnetic susceptibility and magnetization of - were investigated and show similar behavior in the dc (direct current) magnetic data.

Exploring flow-biofilm-sediment interactions: Assessment of current status and future challenges.

Biofilm activities and their interactions with physical, chemical and biological processes are of great importance for a variety of ecosystem functions, impacting hydrogeomorphology, water quality and aquatic ecosystem health. Effective management of water bodies requires advancing our understanding of how flow influences biofilm-bound sediment and ecosystem processes and vice-versa. However, research on this triangle of flow-biofilm-sediment is still at its infancy.

Values in University-Industry Collaborations: The Case of Academics Working at Universities of Technology.

In the applied sciences and in engineering there is often a significant overlap between work at universities and in industry. For the individual scholar, this may lead to serious conflicts when working on joint university-industry projects. Differences in goals, such as the university's aim to disseminate knowledge while industry aims to appropriate knowledge, might lead to complicated situations and conflicts of interest.

Syngas-aided anaerobic fermentation for medium-chain carboxylate and alcohol production: the case for microbial communities.

Syngas fermentation has been successfully implemented in commercial-scale plants and can enable the biochemical conversion of the driest fractions of biomass through synthesis gas (H, CO, and CO). The process relies on optimized acetogenic strains able to reach and maintain high productivity of ethanol and acetate. In parallel, microbial communities have shown to be the best choice for the production of valuable medium-chain carboxylates through anaerobic fermentation of biomass, demanding low technical complexity and being able to realize simultaneous hydrolysis of the substrate.

Controlled Charging of Ferroelastic Domain Walls in Oxide Ferroelectrics.

Conductive domain walls (DWs) in ferroic oxides as device elements are a highly attractive research topic because of their robust and agile response to electric field. Charged DWs possessing metallic-type conductivity hold the highest promises in this aspect. However, their intricate creation, low stability, and interference with nonconductive DWs hinder their investigation and the progress toward future applications.

Pressure reduction affects growth and morphology of .

Cellular perception of pressure is a largely unknown field in microalgae research although it should be addressed for optimization of a photobioreactor design regarding typically occurring pressure cycles. Also for the purpose of using microalgae as basic modules for material cycles in controlled ecological life support systems, the absence of pressure in outer space or the low absolute pressures on other planets is an abiotic factor that needs to be considered for design of integrated microalgae-based modules. The aim of this work is to study the effects of lowered pressure and pressure changes on photosynthesis as well as morphology.

Macroscopic Hexagonal Tubes of 3 d-4 f Metallocycles.

The self-assembly of three giant hexagonal 3d-4f metallocycles with inner diameters of 16.4, 16.5, and 16.

Since 2015 the SinoGerman research project SIGN supports water quality improvement in the Taihu region, China.

The Taihu (Tai lake) region is one of the most economically prospering areas of China. Due to its location within this district of high anthropogenic activities, Taihu represents a drastic example of water pollution with nutrients (nitrogen, phosphate), organic contaminants and heavy metals. High nutrient levels combined with very shallow water create large eutrophication problems, threatening the drinking water supply of the surrounding cities.

Controlled creation and displacement of charged domain walls in ferroelectric thin films.

Charged domain walls in ferroelectric materials are of high interest due to their potential use in nanoelectronic devices. While previous approaches have utilized complex scanning probe techniques or frustrative poling here we show the creation of charged domain walls in ferroelectric thin films during simple polarization switching using either a conductive probe tip or patterned top electrodes. We demonstrate that ferroelectric switching is accompanied - without exception - by the appearance of charged domain walls and that these walls can be displaced and erased reliably.

Constructing (un-)certainty: An exploration of journalistic decision-making in the reporting of neuroscience.

Based on 21 individual case studies, this article inventories the ways journalism deals with scientific uncertainty. The study identifies the decisions that impact a journalist's perception of a truth claim as unambiguous or ambiguous and the strategies to deal with uncertainty that arise from this perception. Key for understanding journalistic action is the outcome of three evaluations: What is the story about? How shall the story be told? What type of story is it? We reconstructed the strategies to overcome journalistic decision-making uncertainty in those cases in which they perceived scientific contingency as a problem.

In vivo and in situ synchrotron radiation-based μ-XRF reveals elemental distributions during the early attachment phase of barnacle larvae and juvenile barnacles.

Barnacles are able to establish stable surface contacts and adhere underwater. While the composition of adult barnacle cement has been intensively studied, far less is known about the composition of the cement of the settlement-stage cypris larva. The main challenge in studying the adhesives used by these larvae is the small quantity of material available for analysis, being on the order of nanograms.

Nine members of a family of nine-membered cyclic coordination clusters; Fe6Ln3 wheels (Ln = Gd to Lu and Y).

We report a family of isostructural nonanuclear Fe(III)-Ln(III) cyclic coordination clusters [Fe(III)(6)Ln(III)(3)(μ-OMe)9(vanox)6(benz)6]. (Ln = Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3), Er (4), Tm (5), Yb (6), Lu (7), Y (8) and Gd (9)), containing an odd number of metal ions. The planar cyclic coordination cluster cores are built up from three [Fe2Ln] subunits.

Classical conditioning in borderline personality disorder: an fMRI study.

Previous research suggests disturbed emotional learning and memory in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Studies investigating the neural correlates of aversive differential delay conditioning in BPD are currently lacking. We aimed to investigate acquisition, within-session extinction, between-session extinction recall, and reacquisition.

Enhancement of convective drying by application of airborne ultrasound - a response surface approach.

Drying is one of the oldest and most commonly used processes in the food manufacturing industry. The conventional way of drying is by forced convection at elevated temperatures. However, this process step often requires a very long treatment time, is highly energy consuming and detrimental to the product quality.

Contribution of priority PAHs and POPs to Ah receptor-mediated activities in sediment samples from the River Elbe Estuary, Germany.

The estuary of the River Elbe between Hamburg and the North Sea (Germany) is a sink for contaminated sediment and suspended particulate matter (SPM). One major concern is the effect of human activities on the hydrodynamics, particularly the intensive dredging activities in this area that may result in remobilization of sediment-bound pollutants. The aim of this study was to identify pollutants contributing to the toxicological risk associated with re-suspension of sediments in the Elbe Estuary by use of an effect-directed analysis that combines chemical and biological analyses in with specific fractionation techniques.