D-penicillamine Induced Myasthenia Gravis in Wilson's Disease: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular junction disorder characterised by fluctuating muscle weakness, improved by using anti-cholinesterase drugs. In addition to the autoimmune aetiology, various factors such as infections, surgery, and drugs are known to precipitate the condition. We report a case of a 15-year-old boy with D-penicillamine-induced myasthenia gravis who presented with facial diplegia, dysphagia, and drooling of saliva, 6 years after the initiation of treatment for Wilson's disease.

Lissencephaly with Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Lissencephaly is a malformation of cortical development associated with deficient neuronal migration and abnormal formation of cerebral convolutions or gyri. The lissencephaly spectrum consists of agyria, pachygyria, and subcortical band heterotopia. At least 19 genes have been identified in the causation of lissencephaly and related syndrome.

Diet, Sleep and Exercise: The Keystones of Healthy Lifestyle for Medical Students.

The journey of five to six years of medical school is a mixture of different emotions ranging from happiness to stress, anxiety and even mental breakdowns. Diet, sleep and exercise are considered to be three integral components of a healthy life which are often neglected by us, as medical students mostly as a result of such emotional changes in their life. We need a good anount of nutrition to maintain the energy levels for our day-to-day chores, adequate sleep for proper functioning of body and mind and exercise to keep us energized throughout the day.

Irregular Antenatal Care Attendance among Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has made access to antenatal care services difficult, which could lead to serious implications for the health of mothers and fetus. There is limited study regarding its impact on pregnant women. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of irregular antenatal care attendance among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care centre.

Intracranial Calcification and Seizure with Down Syndrome: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome number 21. New onset of seizure in adults with Down syndrome is rare. The exact pathogenesis of intracranial calcification and seizure in Down syndrome is unknown, however, a possible association between hypocalcemia and vitamin D deficiency in Down syndrome was reported.

Iron-deficiency anemia following herpetic esophagitis in a previously healthy female.

Introduction: Herpetic Esophagitis is caused by the Herpes Simplex virus, which generally affects immunocompromised individuals and is rarely seen in healthy individuals. Symptoms are usually self-limiting.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 68-year-old female who presented with odynophagia, dysphagia, and epigastric pain with no other underlying disease.

Status of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in a Tertiary Care Center.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are diseases of serious public health concern in low- and middle-income countries, including Nepal. Such infections can cause growth retardation and increased susceptibility to other parasitic infections. Hence, this study aims to assess the prevalence of IPIs among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital in central Nepal.

Significance of Hematological Biomarkers in Association to Syphilitic Patients.

Background: Venereal syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease, involving pathological activities mediating tissue destruction by extensive tissue necrosis. As such, the goal amongst researchers has been set to the identification of effective laboratory biomarkers that can reflect the broad spectrum of disease and ultimately aid in timely diagnosis and effective treatment of syphilis. This research aimed to study the applications of hematological biomarkers associated with syphilitic patients visiting a tertiary care hospital.

A Review of 177Lutetium-PSMA and 225Actinium-PSMA as Emerging Theranostic Agents in Prostate Cancer.

The development of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands labeled with radionuclides is a ground-breaking achievement in the management of prostate cancer. With the increasing use of Gallium-PSMA and F-DCFPyL (Pylarify) and their approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), other PSMA agents and their unique characteristics are also being studied. Two other PSMA agents, namely Lutetium-PSMA (Lu-PSMA) and Actinium-PSMA (Ac-PSMA), are currently drawing the researcher's attention mainly due to their theranostic importance.

Diagnostic value of pleural cholesterol in differentiating exudative and transudative pleural effusion.

Background: Pleural effusions are most commonly classified as transudative or exudative based on Light's criteria which has shown misclassification in 10%-20% of cases. Studies have demonstrated lesser misclassification with pleural fluid cholesterol criteria. Thus, this study aimed to find the diagnostic properties of pleural fluid cholesterol in differentiating the type of effusion.

Undergraduate Medical Students' and Interns' Knowledge and Perception of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in healthcare and health professions education. This study explored medical students' and interns' knowledge of artificial intelligence (AI), perceptions of the role of AI in medicine, and preferences around the teaching of AI competencies.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the authors used a previously validated Canadian questionnaire and gathered responses from students and interns at KIST Medical College, Nepal.

Assessment of Condylar Shape through Digital Panoramic Radiograph among Nepalese Population: A Proposal for Classification.

Background: Panoramic radiograph is the first and most commonly advised radiograph for screening of temporomandibular joints/condyles. Different shapes of the mandible have been discussed by various authors with no consensus for a definite classification for condyle shape. This study was conducted with the objective to observe various shapes of condyles, symmetry of bilateral condyles, and variations of condyle shapes among males and females.

Adverse Events Following the First Dose of Immunization of COVID-19 Vaccine.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the entire globe and the need for a vaccine is supreme. Since many vaccines along with Covishield have been granted emergency use authorization, the evaluation and monitoring of safety are crucial. Covishield was rolled out in Nepal on January 27, 2021.

Potential role of biochemical markers in the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.

The global pandemic due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed an overall threat to modern medicine. The course of the disease is uncertain with varying forms of presentation that cannot be managed solely with clinical skills and vigor. Since its inception, laboratory medicine forms a backbone for the proper diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and prediction of the severity of the disease.

Finding and Maintaining Motivation in Medical School.

Unlabelled: Medicine is a line of work in which expectations run high, having a competitive spirit is considered a virtue and relentless hard work is deemed a reward in itself. Yet, in a strenuous environment such as this, communication about the struggles medical students face is found to be almost non-existent. This leads to medical students feeling burnt out, lost and inadequate, bringing about a drop in performance quality and/or quantity, which breeds further insecurity.

Optic neuropathy induced by ethambutol: A rare case from Nepal.

Introduction: Ethambutol is a drug used against tuberculosis and causes side effects like problems with vision, which may lead to optic neuropathy. It has a low prevalence of 1% and typically develops after 4-12 months of its medications.

Case Presentation: Here, we report a case of a 42-year-old male with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy after six weeks of initiations of ethambutol.

Co-infection of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Simultaneous infection of antibiotic-resistant uropathogens in patients with COVID-19 has necessitated the revision of the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics on the grounds of evidence-based studies and antimicrobial stewardship principles. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli co-infection among hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients of a tertiary care centre.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in urinary tract infection suspected COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital, from 25th June to 24th December 2021 after ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee with registration number 207707860.

An Experience of Being a Patient as a Medical Student.

Unlabelled: "Walk a mile in someone else's shoes" is a reminder to practice empathy. Reading about the diseases in a textbook but encountering that disease is a nightmare. This article highlights the feeling of a medical student being a patient and learning from the experience.

Coping up with Stress as a Medical Student.

Unlabelled: Psychological stress is one of the most common problems faced by medical students in their day to day life. There are a variety of manifestations of stress and these manifestations can directly or indirectly hamper the performance of a medical student. Knowing proper measures to manage stress as well as time can help medical students live their life in a more practical way.

Perception Regarding Tooth Carving Using wax Block among the Dental Practitioners.

Background: The various pedagogical methods applied for teaching dental anatomy to dental students includes lectures, analysis of extracted natural teeth and carving of wax blocks to accurately replicate the morphology of teeth. The thorough knowledge of dental morphology is indispensable for a successful dental practice. This study was thus aimed to assess the perceived relevance of tooth carving using wax block among the dental practitioners.

Prioritizing intervention measures to prevent inappropriate self-medication practices using the Analytical Hierarchy Process.

Background: United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 outlines the target of reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by one third through prevention and treatment by 2030. In low and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nepal, a significant number of people do not have accessible and affordable healthcare services available to them, leading to self-medication practices (SMP). Limited numbers of health professionals, ineffective regulation and easy availability of prescription medicines encourage the use of inappropriate SMP, which could result in health risks.

Congenital granular cell tumor: Report of a case with literature review and differential diagnosis.

Congenital granular cell tumor (CGCT) is a rare benign lesion and presents as a fibrous mass arising from the alveolus in the newborn. The prenatal screening of lesions can help in parent counseling, determining the complications, as larger size lesions may interfere with normal delivery and require a cesarean section.

Manual Anesthesia Record Keeping at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Intraoperative record form is one of the cardinal parts of anesthesia practices. Ideally, it should contain complete information about patients under anesthesia and intraoperative events. It serves as valuable information for subsequent patient management, research, or during medicolegal conditions.

Meropenem Resistance among Acinetobacter Positive Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Antimicrobial-resistant Acinetobacter species are implicated in a variety of infections including nosocomial bacteraemia, secondary meningitis, and urinary tract infections. Carbapenem including meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter is recognized as one of the most difficult antimicrobial resistant gram-negative bacilli to control and treat. It was classified as an urgent threat by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2019 Antibiotic Resistance Threats Report.