A Singular Case Analysis: Lamotrigine-Associated Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is an immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction linked as an adverse side effect to many drugs. There have been case reports of similar incidences in Nepal related to various medications. Here, we present a case of a 29-year-old lady who developed a generalized erythematous rash over her body and erosion of the oral mucous membrane.

Biofilm Formation and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes at Varying Quinolone Inhibitory Concentrations in Quinolone-Resistant Bacteria Superinfecting COVID-19 Inpatients.

The likelihood of antimicrobial failure in COVID-19 patients with bacterial superinfection arises from both phenotypic (biofilms) and genotypic mechanisms. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the inhibitory concentrations of quinolones-nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin-in biofilm formers (minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration [MBIC]) and nonformers (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC]) and correlate inhibitory concentrations with plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in quinolone-resistant bacteria isolated from COVID-19 inpatients. Quinolone-resistant bacteria (n = 193), verified through disc diffusion, were tested for quinolone inhibitory concentrations using broth microdilution and biofilm formation using microtiter plate methods.

Factors associated with severity and anatomical distribution of diabetic foot ulcer in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Diabetic foot ulcers are characterized by disturbances in the epidermis and/or a portion of the dermis in patients with the disease. With over a million amputations performed annually, it has also emerged as one of the primary causes of lower limb amputation globally. To better understand the severity and anatomical distribution of ulcerated areas in patients with type II diabetes mellitus, this study aimed to identify the factors associated with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

A case of postpartum dermatomyositis with onset at three months: expanding the clinical spectrum.

Introduction And Importance: Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disorder affecting all age groups, with a higher prevalence in women. Diagnosis typically occurs around age 40. Manifestation can be acute or chronic.

"Unraveling a rare encounter: Gorham's disease in an 88-year-old female".

Introduction And Importance: Gorham syndrome, or Gorham-Stout disease, is a rare disorder characterized by spontaneous and persistent bone resorption without any known cause, leading to severe complications [2]. The clinical presentation of this condition varies widely, complicating efforts in diagnosis and treatment. In our case report, we present the story of an 88-year-old woman who bravely and gracefully faced the challenges caused by Gorham syndrome.

Perceived Prevalence, Awareness and Attitude towards Counterfeit Medicines among Community Pharmacists of Kathmandu Valley: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Counterfeit medicines are a significant problem globally. In a developing country like Nepal, community pharmacists play an important role in dispensing medicines. The study was done to assess community pharmacists' perceived prevalence, awareness and attitude towards counterfeit medicines in Kathmandu valley.

Attitude of Medical and Dental Undergraduate Students Towards Learning of Communication Skills at a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Proper physician-patient communication has shown to impact patients' satisfaction, and better health outcomes. On the contrary, negative impacts of poor communication have been attributed as one of the causes of increasing workplace violence. It is imperative to identify the attitude of the students towards communication skill learning.

Takayasu arteritis and interstitial lung disease: a case report and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Although pulmonary artery involvement is well recognized, the incidence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with Takayasu arteritis is very rare. The pathophysiology of ILD in Takayasu is still incompletely understood, in contrast to several studies establishing the relationship between ANCA-associated vasculitis and ILD. The management of this patient involved a multidisciplinary approach with long-term follow-up.

Idiopathic unilateral complete oculomotor nerve palsy: a case report of diagnostic quandary.

Introduction And Importance: When compared to other cranial nerve palsies idiopathic unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy with pupillary sparing is one of the least noted neurological conditions. Moreover, there lies a series of diagnostic dilemmas to come into a final diagnosis resulting in several array of clinical investigations. Hence, there is a delay in prompt management.

High Risk Pregnancy and its Outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: High-risk pregnancy is defined as one which is complicated by factors or factors that adversely affect the pregnancy outcome (maternal, perinatal or both). Early detection and effectivemanagement of high risk pregnancy helps in achieving favorable maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to find the prevalence of high risk pregnancy and its outcome among pregnant women admitted for delivery in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care hospital Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital among high risk pregnant women admitted for delivery using structured proforma, from April 2023 to September 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee.

Assessing Drug Utilization in the Emergency Medicine Department at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital Using WHO Drug Use Indicators.

Background Patients might need urgent care in critical cases. Limited resources and limited manpower are limitations seen in developing countries. Very few studies have been conducted on drug utilization in the emergency department in Nepal.

Assessment of Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease among Postgraduate Medical Students of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital using an Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire.

Background Symptomatic dry eye disease is a growing public health challenge especially among those who are visual display unit users and other long-time near activity workers. Increased screen time, prolonged use of face mask and shortage of sleep among resident doctors increases the risk of developing dry eye disease that can affect their learning and social abilities. Data is insufficient on the prevalence of dry eye disease among postgraduate medical students in Nepal.

Acute myocardial infarction or Takotsubo syndrome in a patient with stunned myocardium due to myocardial bridging? A case report of diagnostic dilemma clarified after serial workup.

Background: Myocardial bridging is a cardiac anomaly where a segment of epicardial coronary arteries runs through the myocardium and can rarely cause MI. Takotsubo syndrome is a stress-induced cardiomyopathy that can mimic MI. Catecholamine surge during stress can contribute to Takotsubo syndrome, but whether this surge can trigger an inconspicuous myocardial bridging to manifest symptomatically remains unclear, and alternately, whether a myocardial bridge might cause worsening of Takotsubo syndrome is also a matter that needs further research.

COVID-19: vaccination, therapeutics and a review of the science and public health.

COVID-19, stemming from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has initiated a worldwide respiratory pandemic. Remarkable headway has been made in the realm of vaccination, as nearly every nation has initiated COVID-19 vaccine deployment. However, a mere 32.

A rare case of pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) presenting as short stature in an 8-year-old female.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome is a rare, congenital abnormality. Early identification and treatment can improve patient prognosis and quality of life and prevent adverse effect on growth and development. The patient described is an 8-year-old child with a history of short stature.

Panton-Valentine leucocidin gene in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) expresses the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) virulence gene, which is associated with community and hospital-acquired severe MRSA infections. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profile with a focus on the presence of the PVL gene among MRSA isolates in healthcare settings.

Methodology: A total of 1,207 clinical specimens and 304 hospital environment swabs were collected in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal, and investigated following basic microbiological techniques.

Socio-economic determinants influencing adherence to secondary prophylaxis in patients with rheumatic heart disease: a systematic review.

Introduction: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) poses a substantial global health challenge, especially impacting resource-limited nations, with over 40.5 million cases reported in 2019. The crucial role of Benzathine penicillin G in both primary and secondary prevention, particularly the latter, emphasizes its significance.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome: A rare case report from Nepal.

Introduction: Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare condition caused by the compression of the celiac trunk by the median arcuate ligament, leading to a typical symptom triad: postprandial abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting.

Case Presentation: A 41-year-old female patient presented to our center with mild postprandial abdominal pain over the epigastric region, and bloating sensation. Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed multiple stones in the gall bladder lumen, and the computed tomography scan showed median arcuate ligament impingement along the proximal aspect of the celiac trunk causing moderate narrowing with post-stenotic dilation.

Stakeholders' Perspectives on the "Helping Babies Breathe" Program Situation in Nepal Following the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted healthcare systems, including resuscitation training programs such as Helping Babies Breathe (HBB). Nepal, a country with limited healthcare resources, faces challenges in delivering effective HBB training, managing deliveries, and providing neonatal care, particularly in remote areas.

Aims: This study assessed HBB skills and knowledge postpandemic through interviews with key stakeholders in Nepal.

Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Nepalese patients at a tuberculosis referral center.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), characterized by isoniazid and rifampicin resistance, is caused by chromosomal mutations that restrict treatment options and complicate tuberculosis management. This study sought to investigate the prevalence of pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis, as well as mutation pattern, in Nepalese patients with MDR/rifampicin-resistant (RR)-TB strains.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on MDR/RR-TB patients at the German Nepal Tuberculosis Project from June 2017 to June 2018.

Herpes zoster vaccination and the risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Previous studies have reported a decreased risk of dementia with herpes zoster vaccination. Given this background, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between herpes zoster vaccination and the risk of dementia.

Methods: We searched five databases until November 2023 for case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort studies investigating the association of herpes zoster vaccination and dementia.

Contiguous diastematomyelia with tethered cord, intradural extramedullary dermoid tumor, and lipomyelomeningocele: A unique case of spinal dysraphism.

Diastematomyelia, tethered cord, intradural extramedullary dermoid tumor and lipomyelomeningocele such disease entities themselves are rare in their own form and concurrent presentation of all those pathological states in a single individual can be considered one of the rarest forms of spinal dysraphism globally. Moreover for prompt management with optimal prognosis needs refined neurosurgical intervention guided by intraoperative neuromonitoring so as to bring about the best quality of life in the patient.