Prognostic indicators of early and late death in children admitted to district hospital in Kenya: cohort study.

Objectives: To identify clinical indicators of immediate, early, and late mortality in children at admission to a sub-Saharan district hospital and to develop prognostic scores.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: One district hospital in Kenya.

Electroencephalographic and clinical features of cerebral malaria.

Background: Seizures are a prominent feature of childhood cerebral malaria, and are associated with an increased risk of death and neurological sequelae. We present the electroencephalographic (EEG) findings from a detailed clinical and electrophysiological study.

Methods: Children with cerebral malaria had EEGs recorded within six hours of admission, and at 12 hourly intervals until recovery of consciousness.

Chloroquine is not a risk factor for seizures in childhood cerebral malaria.

Objectives: There are a number of case reports in the medical literature suggesting an association between the ingestion of chloroquine and subsequent seizure activity. Our study was designed to investigate the relationship between blood levels of chloroquine (CQ), its metabolite desethylchloroquine (DCQ), and seizures in children admitted to hospital with cerebral malaria.

Methods: Serial blood levels of CQ and DCQ were measured over the first 24 h of hospital admission in children with cerebral malaria.

Malaria transmission and morbidity.

Stable malaria endemicity is maintained over a wide range of transmission intensities in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper considers variations in the clinical manifestations and their consequences with differences in transmission intensity. Epidemiological approaches to malarial disease have concentrated on two clinical syndromes, severe malarial anaemia and cerebral malaria.