Antibiofilm activity of ultrasonic and diode laser activated sodium hypochlorite, chitosan, and chlorhexidine: A confocal laser scanning microscopic study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the effect of ultrasonic and diode laser-activated sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chitosan, and chlorhexidine (CHX) on the removal of biofilm adherent to the root canal using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

Materials And Methods: Root canals in 112 single-rooted teeth were instrumented using a rotary Ni-Ti system. Biofilms of were generated based on an established protocol.

Effectiveness of mouthrinses in prevention and treatment of radiation induced mucositis: A systematic review.

Mucositis is a frequent, severe consequence of radiation therapy among patients undergoing radiotherapy for the head-and-neck cancer, often requiring hospitalization and even breaks or discontinuity in treatment. Mouth rinsing with various agents has demonstrated effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced mucositis (OM), but evidence for the same is lacking. This systematic review is therefore conducted with the aim of assessing the evidence for the effectiveness of mouthrinses in prevention and treatment of OM.

Missing teeth after maxillofacial trauma: a case report and management protocol.

Management of maxillofacial trauma includes primary care, in which diagnosis and management of dentoalveolar injury play a vital role. Due to the impact sustained during a maxillofacial injury (whether direct or indirect), dentoalveolar injuries can occur, leading to fracture and displacement of teeth and associated alveolar bone into the surrounding soft tissues and associated structures, such as the maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, upper respiratory tract, tracheobronchial tree, or gastrointestinal tract. Undiagnosed displaced teeth may cause complications such as airway obstruction.

Variations in the retromandibular approach to the condyle-transparotid versus anteroparotid transmasseteric - a prospective clinical comparative study.

Background: The management of mandibular condylar fracture remains controversial many surgeons still favour the open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) which provides good result and immediate functioning as compared to closed reduction. With proven consensus for ORIF, dilemma remains in choosing the surgical approach to condyle due to proximity of complex and important anatomic structure. Various extra-oral surgical approaches are available for ORIF including preauricular, submandibular, retromandibular, transmasseteric anteroparotid etc.

Clinical evaluation of submental intubation as an alternative airway management technique in midface osteotomy.

Background: The conventional endonasal intubation would not allow precise intra-operative assessment of the changes to the nasolabial soft tissue complex. Submental intubation allows accurate measurement of nasolabial soft tissue complex with no interference with the occlusion.

Methodology: A clinical prospective study was carried on 20 patients visiting the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department diagnosed of dentofacial deformity requiring orthognathic surgery.

Flapless closure of oro-antral communication with PRF membrane and composite of PRF and collagen - a technical note.

The incidence of oro-antral communication during removal of maxillary posterior teeth, especially the molars is quite common in general dental practice. The diagnosis and surgical management of oro-antral communication requires the surgical skills including the flap techniques. Here we present the novel technique of immediate closure of oro-antral communication using the PRF in the form of membrane and mixture of PRF and collagen, which is, sandwiched between the PRF membranes for effective management of oro-antral communications which does not require higher surgical skills.

Orofacial injuries and use of protective wear among field hockey players of Coorg District, Karnataka, India - A KAP Study.

Introduction: Traumatic orofacial injuries are frequent among hockey players, often causing aesthetic, functional, psychological, and economic problems. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and distribution of orofacial injuries and to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices toward the use of protective wear as perceived among hockey players of Coorg district.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 281 field hockey players of Coorg district, Karnataka, India.

Comparison of efficacy of three chemotherapeutic agents on count in plaque and saliva: A randomized controlled triple blind study.

Background: There is a need for exploration of the role of chemotherapeutic agents and its role in the prevention of early childhood caries (ECC) and its recurrence.

Aim: The aim of this study was two-fold: (1) To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of three commonly used chemotherapeutic agents in the prevention of ECC in comparison with a control and (2) To ascertain the role of chemotherapeutic agents in the prevention of ECC.

Materials And Methods: Sixty children with ECC in the age group 3-6 years were randomly allocated into four groups.

A new approach to exfoliative cytology: A comparative cytomorphometric study.

Context: Early detection of oral premalignancy and malignancy using simple screening aids play a promising role in curbing the disease.

Aim: The primary aim of this study is to evaluate and the secondary aim of this study is to compare the cytomorphometry and cellular atypia in keratinocytes obtained from oral rinse and conventional exfoliative cytology in normal oral mucosa and clinically diagnosed oral leukoplakia.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised of 55 clinically diagnosed cases of leukoplakia and 55 age and sex matched normal controls.

Assessment of oral health status among endosulfan victims in endosulfan relief and remediation cell - A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Endosulfan is a highly toxic agrichemical used in the cashew plantations. The Stockholm Convention held in April 2011 recommended a global ban on the manufacture and use of endosulfan because of its adverse effects on human health and the environment. Its impact on the quality of food, water, and beverages; and its ability to cause neurobehavioral disorders, congenital malformations in female subjects, and abnormalities related to the male reproductive system are studied, but however information regarding the oral health of endosulfan victims is scant.

Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) of dental root canal system - An ex-vivo study.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of photo activated disinfection (PAD) in reducing colony-forming unit (CFU) counts of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in infected dental root canals. The study compared the efficacy of PAD with conventional endodontic treatment (CET) and also a combination of CET along with PAD.

Prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in fisherman from Kutch coast, Gujarat, India.

Background: In health terms, consuming fluoride is well recognised to be a double-edged sword. Consumption of optimal amounts is beneficial to health, however an excess constitutes a health hazard.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in fishermen from the Kutch coast, Gujarat, India.

Interforaminal hemorrhage during anterior mandibular implant placement: An overview.

Implant surgery in mandibular anterior region may turn from an easy minor surgery into a complicated one for the surgeon, due to inadequate knowledge of the anatomy of the surgical area and/or ignorance toward the required surgical protocol. Hence, the purpose of this article is to present an overview on the: (a) Incidence of massive bleeding and its consequences after implant placement in mandibular anterior region. (b) Its etiology, the precautionary measures to be taken to avoid such an incidence in clinical practice and management of such a hemorrhage if at all happens.

A Simple Technique to Fabricate a Facial Moulage with a Prefabricated Acrylic Stock Tray: A Clinical Innovation.

An accurate facial moulage helps in understanding the orientation and proper position of the facial prosthesis relative to other facial landmarks even in the absence of the patient. To make impression for fabricating facial moulage previously described techniques in literature made use of elastomeric impression material, alginate, and dental plaster directly over the patient's face to obtain the moulage which have their own disadvantages. Taking these into consideration a novel clinical technique is described herein to fabricate an acrylic stock tray for making accurate impression and to support the impression material while setting and pouring.

Antimicrobial effects of citrus sinensis peel extracts against periodontopathic bacteria: an in vitro study.

Background: Use of plant extracts and phytochemicals with known antimicrobial properties may have great significance in therapeutic treatments.

Objective: To assess the in vitro antimicrobial potential and also determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Citrus sinensis peel extracts with a view of searching a novel extract as a remedy for periodontal pathogens.

Materials And Methods: Aqueous and ethanol (cold and hot) extracts prepared from peel of Citrus sinensis were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, using agar well diffusion method.

Oral rinse-based cytology and conventional exfoliative cytology: a comparative study.

Context: Simple screening test for resource-challenged areas.

Aims: To compare specimen adequacy and diagnostic agreement between oral rinse-based smears and conventional smears in oral cancer, oral leukoplakia, and normal controls.

Settings And Design: Twenty-five histologically confirmed cases of oral cancer, 29 clinically diagnosed cases of oral leukoplakia, and 54 normal controls were subjected to the oral rub-and-rinse technique and the conventional exfoliative cytology.

Comparative evaluation of oxygen saturation during periodontal surgery with or without oral conscious sedation in anxious patients.

Context: Stress and anxiety during dental procedure can alter respiratory rate and thereby alter oxygen saturation in the blood, leading to emergencies like syncope. It can be prevented by preoperative intravenous sedation. However, it can lead to respiratory depression.

Assessment of periodontal health status among prison inmates: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: The prison population is a challenging one with many health problems, including oral health. In a country like India the information regarding the status of periodontal health in prisoners is scant.

Aim: To assess the periodontal status of the jail inmates at Mangalore District Jail.

Rehabilitation of an Infected Eye with an Acrylic Ball Implant and a Custom made Scleral Ocular Prosthesis.

This clinical report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with corneal abscess with endophthalmitis of the left eye. Infection with a history of trauma resulted in loss of vision but with intact eye ball movements. Cornea excising evisceration was carried out following placement of poly(methyl methacrylate) ocular ball implant.

The Self-Reported Knowledge, Attitude and the Practices Regarding the Early Detection of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions among the Practising Dentists of Dakshina Kannada-A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the leading causes of mortality in India. The screening and the early detection of the premalignant and malignant lesions are the only means for controlling the disease. General dental practitioners can play a great role in this direction.

Correlation between "ABO" blood group phenotypes and periodontal disease: Prevalence in south Kanara district, Karnataka state, India.

Background: The correlation between certain systemic diseases and ABO blood group is a well-documented fact. The association between periodontal disease and ABO blood group is not studied in relation to a specific geographic location. Here is a study conducted on a group of patients belonging to South Kanara district of Karnataka state.

Liquid supported denture-management of flabby ridges.

The ideal properties of a denture are adequate rigidity on polished surface to bear masticatory forces and at the same time, flexibility and softness on the tissue surface for proper and even distribution of masticatory forces. The problem with conventional denture is rigidity of tissue surface; leads to uneven distribution of load. This drawback even worsens in the case of flabby, atrophic and unemployed ridges with excessive bone resorption.

"Tetracycline hydrochloride chemical burn" as self-inflicted mucogingival injury: A rare case report.

Injuries to oral soft tissue can be accidental, iatrogenic, and factitious trauma. Chemical, thermal, and physical agents are the main causative agents for oral soft-tissue burns. The present case describes the chemical burn of oral mucosa caused by tetracycline hydrochloride and its management.