A novel ternary magnetic nanobiocomposite based on tragacanth-silk fibroin hydrogel for hyperthermia and biological properties.

This study involves the development of a new nanocomposite material for use in biological applications. The nanocomposite was based on tragacanth hydrogel (TG), which was formed through cross-linking of Ca ions with TG polymer chains. The utilization of TG hydrogel and silk fibroin as natural compounds has enhanced the biocompatibility, biodegradability, adhesion, and cell growth properties of the nanobiocomposite.

Localized radiotherapy of solid tumors using radiopharmaceutical loaded implantable system: insights from a mathematical model.

Introduction: Computational models yield valuable insights into biological interactions not fully elucidated by experimental approaches. This study investigates an innovative spatiotemporal model for simulating the controlled release and dispersion of radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) using Lu-PSMA, a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted radiopharmaceutical, within solid tumors via a dual-release implantable delivery system. Local delivery of anticancer agents presents a strategic approach to mitigate adverse effects while optimizing therapeutic outcomes.

The impact of input node placement in the controllability of structural brain networks.

Network controllability refers to the ability to steer the state of a network towards a target state by driving certain nodes, known as input nodes. This concept can be applied to brain networks for studying brain function and its relation to the structure, which has numerous practical applications. Brain network controllability involves using external signals such as electrical stimulation to drive specific brain regions and navigate the neurophysiological activity level of the brain around the state space.

Model validation and Robust State Feedback control for nonlinear subway traffic networks.

This paper develops a nonlinear Discrete-Event (DE) model for Intersecting Lines (ILs) of a Subway Network (SN). A class of Monte Carlo (MC) methods based on repeated random values is employed to validate the model. Model validation is performed by generating random values for delay rates and external disturbances.

Fabrication of pore-filling cation-exchange membrane from waste polystyrene and Spunbond Meltblown Spunbond (SMS) non-woven polypropylene fabric as the substrate.

Commercial ion-exchange membranes are typically thick, possessing limited mechanical strength, and have relatively high fabrication costs. In this study, we utilize a three-layer polypropylene fabric known as Spunbond Meltblown Spunbond (SMS) as the substrate. This choice ensures that the resulting membrane exhibits high strength and low thickness.

An update on Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterases; From Bacteria to Human.

The hydrolysis of deacylated glycerophospholipids into sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and alcohol is facilitated by evolutionarily conserved proteins known as glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases (GDPDs). These proteins are crucial for the pathogenicity of bacteria and for bioremediation processes aimed at degrading organophosphorus esters that pose a hazard to both humans and the environment. Additionally, GDPDs are enzymes that respond to multiple nutrients and could potentially serve as candidate genes for addressing deficiencies in zinc, iron, potassium, and especially phosphate in important plants like rice.

Wetting Behavior of Kerogen Surfaces: Insights from Molecular Dynamics.

In this study, the wettability of a kerogen surface, a key component of shale reservoirs, is investigated by using molecular dynamics simulations. Specifically, we examined the impact of droplet size and morphology as well as surface roughness on the water contact angles. The findings highlighted that the contact angle dependency on the droplet size intensifies with increased rigidity of the surface.

Temporal dynamics of urban gas pipeline risks.

Urban gas pipelines pose significant risks to public safety and infrastructure integrity, necessitating thorough risk assessment methodologies to mitigate potential hazards. This study investigates the dynamics of population distribution, demographic characteristics, and building structures to assess the risk associated with gas pipelines. Using geospatial analysis techniques, we analyze population distribution patterns during both day and night periods.

Spatiotemporal modeling of nano-delivered chemotherapeutics for synergistic microwave ablation cancer therapy.

Background And Objective: The effectiveness of current microwave ablation (MWA) therapies is limited. Administration of thermosensitive liposomes (TSLs) which release drugs in response to heat has presented a significant potential for enhancing the efficacy of thermal ablation treatment, and the benefits of targeted drug delivery. However, a complete knowledge of the mechanobiological processes underlying the drug release process, especially the intravascular drug release mechanism and its distribution in response to MWA needs to be improved.

Joint downlink user association and interference avoidance with a load balancing approach in backhaul-constrained HetNets.

In heterogeneous networks (HetNets), different lower-power base stations are added in a typically unplanned manner to the well-planned macro-only network, bringing new challenges to the network functions. Small cells experience limited backhaul capacity since cost-effective backhaul is not easily accessible to them. This study focuses on the issue of user association in backhaul-constrained HetNets.

Jewelry rock discrimination as interpretable data using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and a convolutional LSTM deep learning algorithm.

In this study, the deep learning algorithm of Convolutional Neural Network long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) is used to classify various jewelry rocks such as agate, turquoise, calcites, and azure from various historical periods and styles related to Shahr-e Sokhteh. Here, the CNN-LSTM architecture includes utilizing CNN layers for the extraction of features from input data mixed with LSTMs for supporting sequence forecasting. It should be mentioned that interpretable deep learning-assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy helped achieve excellent performance.

Programmable intratumoral drug delivery to breast cancer using wireless bioelectronic device with electrochemical actuation.

Objective: Breast cancer is a global health concern that demands attention. In our contribution to addressing this disease, our study focuses on investigating a wireless micro-device for intratumoral drug delivery, utilizing electrochemical actuation. Microdevices have emerged as a promising approach in this field due to their ability to enable controlled injections in various applications.

Lysine ε-aminolysis and incorporation of sulfhydryl groups into human brain tau 4R/1N and VQIVYK enhances the formation of beta structures and toxicity.

In the present study, we investigated the effects of N-homocysteine thiolactone (tHcy) modification on expressed and purified tau protein and the synthesized VQIVYK target peptide. The modified constructs were subjected to comprehensive validation using various methodologies, including mass spectrometry. Subsequently, in vivo, in vitro, and in silico characterizations were performed under both reducing and non-reducing conditions, as well as in the presence and absence of heparin as a cofactor.

Utilizing the derivative of unwrapped phase in ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of elastic properties of polymer filaments.

Polymer filaments represent the fundamental materials employed in fused filament fabrication additive manufacturing. This paper uses an innovative nondestructive evaluation technique for gauging the elastic properties of these polymer filaments. The method hinges on acoustic wave scattering theory, wherein a polymer filament is immersed in water and exposed to an incident acoustic wave.

Transition-metal-free intramolecular double hydrofunctionalization of alkyne to access 6/7/5-fused heterocyclic skeletons.

We describe a novel intramolecular double hydrofunctionalization cyclization of alkyne with nitrogen and oxygen nucleophilic groups to construct valuable 6/7/5-fused heterocyclic products. This post-Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé (GBB) reaction introduces a new class of functionalized isocyanides. Transition-metal-free cyclization, broad substrate scope, and high atom economy were some features of the present protocol.

Analyzing socio-environmental determinants of bone and soft tissue cancer in Indonesia.

Background: This study is designed to explore the potential impact of individual and environmental residential factors as risk determinants for bone and soft tissue cancers, with a particular focus on the Indonesian context. While it is widely recognized that our living environment can significantly influence cancer development, there has been a notable scarcity of research into how specific living environment characteristics relate to the risk of bone and soft tissue cancers.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the medical records of oncology patients treated at Prof.

Neutron pumping of active medium formed by gadolinium isotopes Gd and Gd pair: A feasibility study.

The possibility of creating technical means for controlling the processes of accumulation and conversion of the energies of thermal and epithermal neutrons into the energy of monoenergetic photons due to neutron pumping of an active medium consisting of nuclei with long-lived isomeric states was studied in this work. The system under study consisted of an external pulse-periodic source of deuterium-tritium neutrons (PSN) and a subcritical blanket, which included a variable neutron-collimation beam-shaping assembly (vBSA) and an active medium. The vBSA was composed of moderating blocks and selective plates designed to trap and shape a pulsed neutron flux with subsequent conversion of a millisecond signature into monoenergetic photon emission.

Investigation into the two-way interaction of coronary flow and heart function in coronary artery disease predicted by a computational model of autoregulation of coronary flow.

This study presents a closed-loop computational model to investigate the interplay between heart function, coronary flow, and systemic circulation during exercise, with a specific focus on the impact of coronary artery stenosis. The model incorporates a lumped representation of the heart, main arteries, and coronary arteries, establishing a closed circulatory system. The simulation investigates the autoregulation of coronary flow in response to myocardial oxygen demands during physical exercise by incorporating sympathetic and parasympathetic functions.

Hemodynamic Study of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation: Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Blood Flow.

Objective: Arteriovenous malformation is a disease of the vascular system that occurs mainly in the cerebral arteries and spine. Numerical simulation as a powerful method is used to investigate the Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation hemodynamic after occlusion of the abnormality step by step by embolization.

Methods: The computed tomography (CT) Angiographic imaging data of 2 patients are used and a geometric model is extracted by the Mimics software.

A Highly Efficient Strategy for One-Pot and Pseudo-Six-Component Synthesis of Hexahydroquinolines.

In this study, a homogeneous acid-catalyzed reaction of a series of benzaldehydes, benzylamines, and Meldrum's acid was presented, allowing the novel one-pot and multicomponent synthesis of hexahydroquinolines with high stereoselectivity. The current strategy has advantages including high regioselectivity, good efficiency, reasonable diversity, utilization of an inexpensive and safe catalyst, and easy purification of products by simple recrystallization. The current reaction utilizes 2 equiv of Meldrum's acid, 3 equiv of benzaldehyde derivatives, and one equiv of amine derivatives to yield (4'S,5'S,7'S)-1'-benzyl-2,2-dimethyl-4',5',7'-triphenyl-3',4',7',8'-tetrahydro-1'-spiro[[1,3]dioxane-5,6'-quinoline]-2',4,6(5')-trione derivatives.

Effect of tumor heterogeneity on enhancing drug delivery to vascularized tumors using thermo-sensitive liposomes triggered by hyperthermia: A multi-scale and multi-physics computational model.

In this study, a novel multi-scale and multi-physics image-based computational model is introduced to assess the delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) loaded temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSLs) in the presence of hyperthermia. Unlike previous methodologies, this approach incorporates capillary network geometry extracted from images, resulting in a more realistic physiological tumor model. This model holds significant promise in advancing personalized medicine by integrating patient-specific tumor properties.

Evaluation of driver drowsiness based on respiratory metrics.

Background: The transition from alertness to drowsiness can cause considerable changes in the respiratory system, providing an opportunity to detect driver drowsiness.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine which respiratory features indicate driver drowsiness and then use these features to classify the level of drowsiness and alertness.

Methods: Twenty male students (mean age 25.

Optimal linear filter design for process state and packet loss estimation in networked control systems.

Considering the effect of packet losses on the behavior of networked systems, this work is concerned with estimation of the packet loss occurrences in the input channels possibly together with the system state. For this purpose, the commonly used Markov chain model of the successive packet loss occurrences is transformed to a linear recursive model in which the packet loss occurrence variables appear as new state variables. Two methods are proposed for combining the recursive packet loss model with the plant model to obtain an overall model for the whole networked control system (NCS).

Mesoporous organosilicas with highly-content tyrosine framework as extractive phases for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in aquatic media.

Background: Attentions regarding ordered mesoporous silica materials (OMSs), with large specific surface areas and narrow pore size distribution, which are prepared via self-assembly techniques, have been raised in sorption, separation, and sample preparation. However, in order to extend and improve their applications, a functionalization step is required. Organic units can be anchored on the inner or outer surface as well as in the silica wall framework by co-condensation-, grafting-, and periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) preparation approaches.