Controlled drug delivery from chitosan-coated heparin-loaded nanopores anodically grown on nitinol shape-memory alloy.

Nitinol (NiTi shape-memory alloy) is an interesting candidate in various medical applications like dental, orthopedic, and cardiovascular devices, owing to its unique mechanical behaviors and proper biocompatibility. The aim of this work is the local controlled delivery of a cardiovascular drug, heparin, loaded onto nitinol treated by electrochemical anodizing and chitosan coating. In this regard, the structure, wettability, drug release kinetics, and cell cytocompatibility of the specimens were analyzed in vitro.

Exploring the dynamics of DNA nucleotides in graphene/h-BN nanopores: insights from molecular dynamics.

Nanopore devices based on graphene and h-BN heterostructures show outstanding electrical and physical characteristics for high throughput label-free DNA sequencing. On top of their suitability for DNA sequencing with the ionic current method, G/h-BN nanostructures are promising for DNA sequencing by employing the in-plane electronic current. The influence of the nucleotide/device interaction on the in-plane current has been widely explored for static-optimized geometries.

The [Formula: see text] channel of proton-proton scattering in new chiral effective field theory power counting.

In this paper, the chiral effective field theory is used to investigate the spin singlet channel [Formula: see text], of proton-proton (pp) scattering according to the new suggested power counting. For this purpose, the pp zero scattering amplitude is reproduced by inserting one pion exchange at leading order (LO) and the Coulomb interaction between protons at next-to-leading order (NLO). This leads to a systematic improvement up to NLO compared to the result obtained from Nijm93 potential model.

A combined treatment system of O/UV oxidation and activated carbon adsorption: emerging contaminants in hospital wastewater.

Researchers have recently focused their attention on emerging contaminants (ECs) in wastewater because they pose serious health and environmental risks. Because ECs are persistent in the environment and have the ability to disrupt the physiology of target receptors, they have been labeled as contaminants of recent environmental concern. For removing various ECs, a variety of treatment technologies have been developed, including biological, chemical, and physical methods.

Lattice thermal conductivity and Young's modulus of XN (X = Be, Mg and Pt) 2D materials using machine learning interatomic potentials.

The newly synthesized BeN monolayer has introduced a novel group of 2D materials called nitrogen-rich 2D materials. In the present study, the anisotropic mechanical and thermal properties of three members of this group, BeN, MgN, and PtN, are investigated. To this end, a machine learning-based interatomic potential (MLIP) is developed and utilized in classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Investigating heavy-metal soil contamination state on the rate of stomach cancer using remote sensing spectral features.

Heavy metal (HM) contamination in agricultural soils has been a serious environmental and health problem in the past decades. High concentration of HM threatens human health and can be a risk factor for many diseases such as stomach cancer. In order to investigate the relationship between HM content and stomach cancer, the under-study area should be adequately large so that the possible relationship between soil contamination and the patients' distribution can be studied.

Quantifying and improving flood resilience of urban drainage systems based on socio-ecological criteria.

In this paper, a new framework is developed for evaluating the resilience of urban drainage systems (UDSs) under floods by proposing and quantifying some technical and socio-ecological (SE) criteria. The proposed criteria are used to quantify the seven principles of building resilience in socio-ecological systems. The criteria mainly focus on preserving diversity and multiplicity in a UDS, managing variables that gradually change over time (slow variables), improving structural and functional connectivity, maintaining system adaptability, encouraging learning, broadening participation, and promoting polycentric governance systems.

Disentangling the impacts of climate and land cover changes on habitat suitability of common pheasant Phasianus colchicus along elevational gradients in Iran.

Climate and land cover change are critical drivers of avian species range shift. Thus, predicting avian species' response to the land and climate changes and identifying their future suitable habitats can help their conservation planning. The common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) is a species of conservation concern in Iran and is included in the list of Iran's protected avian species.

Investigation of the effects of porosity and volume fraction on the atomic behavior of cancer cells and microvascular cells of 3DN5 and 5OTF macromolecular structures during hematogenous metastasis using the molecular dynamics method.

Background And Objective: The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a powerful tool for researching how cancer patients are treated. The efficiency of many factors may be predicted using this approach in great detail and with atomic accuracy.

Methods: The MD simulation method was used to investigate the impact of porosity and the number of cancer cells on the atomic behavior of cancer cells during the hematogenous spread.

Magnetic carboxymethyl cellulose-silk fibroin hydrogel: A ternary nanobiocomposite exhibiting excellent biological activity and in vitro hyperthermia of cancer therapy.

In this work, a magnetic nanobiocomposite scaffold based on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) hydrogel, silk fibroin (SF), and magnetite nanoparticles was fabricated. The structural properties of this new magnetic nanobiocomposite were characterized by various analyses such as FT-IR, XRD, EDX, FE-SEM, TGA and VSM. According to the particle size histogram, most of the particles were between 55 and 77 nm and the value of saturation magnetization of this nanobiocomposite was reported 41.

Techno-Economic Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization of Cross-Flow Wind Turbines for Smart Building Energy Systems.

This work reports a technical, economic, and environmental investigation of the possibility of using a recently developed smallscale crossflow wind turbine (CFWT) to supply the energy demand of buildings for different integration scenarios. For this purpose, three CFWT-assisted building energy system configurations with heat pumps, with and without batteries, and two-way interaction with the local grid in two residential building models in Iran and Germany are investigated. Triobjective optimization with a Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) is performed for finding the optimal configuration of the energy system in different configurations.

Scale-up single chamber of microbial fuel cell using agitator and sponge biocarriers.

Despite the high efficiency of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), MFCs cannot be a suitable alternative for treatment plants because of insufficient power generation and tiny reactors. Additionally, the increased reactor size and MFC stack result in a reduction in production power and reverse voltage. In this study, a larger MFC with a volume of 1.

Additively manufactured MAX- and MXene-composite scaffolds for bone regeneration- recent advances and future perspectives.

Human bones can suffer from various injuries, such as fractures, bone cancer, among others, which has initiated research activities towards bone replacement using advanced bio-materials. However, it is still challenging to design bio-scaffolds with bone-inducing agents to regenerate bone defects. In this regard, MAX-phases and MXenes (early transition metal carbides and/or nitrides) have gained notable attention due to their unique hydrophilicity, bio-compatibility, chemical stability, and photothermal properties.

The sensitivity enhancement of TiO-based VOCs sensor decorated by gold at room temperature.

Detection of hazardous toxic gases for air pollution monitoring and medical diagnosis has attracted the attention of researchers in order to realize sufficiently sensitive gas sensors. In this paper, we fabricated and characterized a Titanium dioxide (TiO)-based gas sensor enhanced using the gold nanoparticles. Thermal oxidation and sputter deposition methods were used to synthesize fabricated gas sensor.

Chemical Wastes in the Peptide Synthesis Process and Ways to Reduce Them.

In recent decades, a growing interest has been observed among pharmaceutical companies in producing and selling 80 FDA-approved therapeutic peptides. However, there are many drawbacks to peptide synthesis at the academic and industrial scales, involving the use of large amounts of highly hazardous coupling reagents and solvents. This review focuses on hideous and observant wastes produced before, during, and after peptide synthesis and proposes some solutions to reduce them.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Anti-leukemia Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras in Degradating Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase.

Background: Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) is a bifunctional molecule comprising a ligand to recognize the targeted protein to be degraded.

Objectives: To use the advantages of the PROTAC technique, we have synthesized novel compounds to degrade inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) by the proteasome system.

Methods: We describe the synthesis of new PROTACs based on a combination of mycophenolic acid (MPA) as the potent IMPDH inhibitor and pomalidomide as a ligand of E3 ubiquitin ligase via linkers formed from Cu(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction.

Simultaneous confidence intervals for quantile differences of several heterogeneous normal populations: With application to vitamin D supplement treatment on colorectal cancer patients.

In many applications, comparing the q-quantiles of several normal populations are more advantageous than comparing their means. In this paper, we consider the problem of constructing simultaneous confidence intervals (SCIs) for quantile differences of several heterogeneous normal distributions. To the best of our knowledge, this problem remains unsolved.

Magnetized chitosan hydrogel and silk fibroin, reinforced with PVA: a novel nanobiocomposite for biomedical and hyperthermia applications.

Herein, a multifunctional nanobiocomposite was designed for biological application, amongst which hyperthermia cancer therapy application was specifically investigated. This nanobiocomposite was fabricated based on chitosan hydrogel (CS), silk fibroin (SF), water-soluble polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (FeO MNPs). CS and SF as natural compounds were used to improve the biocompatibility, biodegradability, adhesion and cell growth properties of the nanobiocomposite that can prepare this nanocomposite for the other biological applications such as wound healing and tissue engineering.

LFP polarity changes across cortical and eccentricity in primary visual cortex.

Local field potentials (LFPs) can evaluate neural population activity in the cortex and their interaction with other cortical areas. Analyzing current source density (CSD) rather than LFPs is very significant due to the reduction of volume conduction effects. Current sinks are construed as net inward transmembrane currents, while current sources are net outward ones.

Wavelet-artificial neural network to predict the acetone sensing by indium oxide/iron oxide nanocomposites.

This study applies a hybridized wavelet transform-artificial neural network (WT-ANN) model to simulate the acetone detecting ability of the Indium oxide/Iron oxide (InO/FeO) nanocomposite sensors. The WT-ANN has been constructed to extract the sensor resistance ratio (SRR) in the air with respect to the acetone from the nanocomposite chemistry, operating temperature, and acetone concentration. The performed sensitivity analyses demonstrate that a single hidden layer WT-ANN with nine nodes is the highest accurate model for automating the acetone-detecting ability of the InO/FeO sensors.

A Decision-Aware Ambient Assisted Living System with IoT Embedded Device for In-Home Monitoring of Older Adults.

Older adults' independent life is compromised due to various problems, such as memory impairments and decision-making difficulties. This work initially proposes an integrated conceptual model for assisted living systems capable of providing helping means for older adults with mild memory impairments and their caregivers. The proposed model has four main components: (1) an indoor location and heading measurement unit in the local fog layer, (2) an augmented reality (AR) application to make interactions with the user, (3) an IoT-based fuzzy decision-making system to handle the direct and environmental interactions with the user, and (4) a user interface for caregivers to monitor the situation in real time and send reminders once required.

Investigation of the evolution of tumor-induced microvascular network under the inhibitory effect of anti-angiogenic factor, angiostatin: A mathematical study.

Anti-angiogenesis as a treatment strategy for normalizing the microvascular network of tumors is of great interest among researchers, especially in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. According to the vital role that angiogenesis plays in tumor growth and in exposing the tumor to therapeutic agents, this work develops a mathematical framework to study the influence of angiostatin, a plasminogen fragment that shows the anti-angiogenic function, in the evolutionary behavior of tumor-induced angiogenesis. Angiostatin-induced microvascular network reformation is investigated in a two-dimensional space by considering two parent vessels around a circular tumor by a modified discrete angiogenesis model in different tumor sizes.

Modeling of dielectric resonator antenna array for retina photoreceptors.

The retina encompasses several cone and rod photoreceptors at fovea region i.e., 90 million cells of rod photoreceptors and 4.

Stimuli-sensitive nano-drug delivery with programmable size changes to enhance accumulation of therapeutic agents in tumors.

Nano-based drug delivery systems hold significant promise for cancer therapies. Presently, the poor accumulation of drug-carrying nanoparticles in tumors has limited their success. In this study, based on a combination of the paradigms of intravascular and extravascular drug release, an efficient nanosized drug delivery system with programmable size changes is introduced.