Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the maxilla: A rarest of rare case report.

Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous systemic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The oral lesions found in tuberculosis are relatively rare and may present as ulcers, erythematous patches, indurated lesions, nodules or as bony jaw lesions. Oral tubercular lesions sometimes present a confusing clinical presentation and can be overlooked.

Prevalence of periodontal disease and characterization of its extent and severity in an adult population - an observational study.

Introduction: Present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease in an adult population and to further characterize the extent and severity of the disease.

Materials And Methods: The study population consisted of 700 randomly selected individuals reporting to out patient department of dental college and hospital. Demographic details and lifestyle characteristics of the all the subjects were recorded and a thorough oral examination was performed.

Comparision of Immunohistochemical Expression of CD10 in Odontogenic Cysts.

Background: Expression of CD10 has been documented in various tumors like nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, odontogenic tumors.

Aim: To evaluate and compare CD10 expression in odontogenic cysts like radicular cyst, dentigerous cyst and odontogenic keratocyst (OKC).

Materials And Methods: Total 60 cases were included in the study, comprising 20 cases each of radicular, dentigerous and odontogenic keratocyst.

Radiographic evaluation of mandible to predict the gender and age.

Purpose: This study is been conducted using digital panoramic radiographs for predicting age in various age groups and the accuracy of the parameters were accessed as age advances.

Materials And Methods: The selected 300 panoramic images were divided into 3 age group of Group A (25-34 years), Group B (35-44 years), and Group C (45 -54 years). Each group comprised of 100 subjects in which 50 were males & 50 females.

The antipsoriatic agent monomethylfumarate has antiproliferative, prodifferentiative, and anti-inflammatory effects on keratinocytes.

Monomethylfumarate (MMF) is thought to be the bioactive ingredient of the drug Fumaderm (Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA), licensed in Germany since 1994 for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Psoriasis is a common inflammatory hyperproliferative skin disorder that involves cross-talk between different cell types, including immune cells and keratinocytes. Psoriatic lesions are characterized by hyperproliferation, aberrant differentiation, and inflammation, with the psoriatic cytokine network maintained by communication between immune cells and keratinocytes.

Management of pediatric mandibular fracture: a case series.

A pediatric mandibular fracture can cause a child severe pain and the parent or caregiver extreme worry. While the pattern of fractures and associated injuries in children is similar to adults, the incidence is low. Due to a number of factors, including the anatomical complexity of the developing mandible in a child, management of such fractures differs from that of adults and can greatly challenge the pediatric dentist.

Comparative Study of Genotoxicity in Different Tobacco Related Habits using Micronucleus Assay in Exfoliated Buccal Epithelial Cells.

Background: Oral cancer is one of the most debilitating diseases afflicting mankind. Consumption of tobacco in various forms constitutes one of the most important etiological factors in initiation of oral cancer. When the focus of today's research is to determine early genotoxic changes in human cells, micronucleus (MN) assay provides a simple, yet reliable indicator of genotoxic damage.

Prevalence of dental caries among school children of Bharatpur city, India.

Background: Healthy teeth and oral tissues and the need for oral health care are important for any section of society. Dental caries is an infectious microbial disease of multifactorial origin in which diet, host, and microbial flora interacts over a period of time in such a way so as to encourage demineralization of the tooth enamel with resultant caries formation. Dental caries, the product of man's progress towards civilization, has a very high morbidity potential and thus, is coming into focus of the mankind.

Evaluation of awareness regarding orthodontic procedures among a group of preadolescents in a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study was carried out to know the level of awareness regarding orthodontic procedures among preadolescents as there is very high prevalence of malocclusion.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 1010 subjects with a mean age of (in years) was 13.02 ± 2.

Preliminary antiplaque efficacy of aloe vera mouthwash on 4 day plaque re-growth model: randomized control trial.

Background: Due to increasing resistance to antibiotics and rising incidence of oral diseases, there is a need for alternative treatment modalities to combat oral diseases. The aim of the present study was to access the effect of Aloe vera mouthwash on the dental plaque in the experimental period of 4 days and to compare it with the bench mark control chlorhexidine and placebo (saline water).

Material And Methods: A total of 300 systemically healthy subjects were randomly allocated into 3 groups: Aloe vera mouthwash group (n=100), control group (=100)-chlorhexidene group and saline water-Placebo (n=100).

Establishment of soft tissue norms for the north Indian population based on laymen perception.

In this study we aimed to determine the soft tissue norms for the North Indian population based on the laymen perception of facial esthetics and to test the hypothesis that there are racial differences in cephalometric measurement between North Indians and White Americans norms. Two sets (Facial frontal and profile photographs) of 170 standardized facial photographs (76 males and 94 females in the age group of 18-28 years) were taken. A panel of judges which consisted of 20 laymen evaluated the photographs on the visual analogue scale to select a sample of 120 subjects (60 males and 60 females), which included individuals with esthetically pleasing appearance.

Human β-defensin HBD3 binds to immobilized Bla g2 from the German cockroach (Blattella germanica).

Human β-defensin 3 (HBD3) is a small, well-characterized peptide in mucosal secretions with broad antimicrobial activities and diverse innate immune functions. Among these functions is the ability of HBD3 to bind to antigens. In this study, we hypothesize that HBD3 binds to the allergen Bla g2 from the German cockroach (Blattella germanica).

Sterilizing Endodontic Files by four different sterilization methods to prevent cross-infection - An In-vitro Study.

Background: Aim of the study was to compare 4 different methods of sterilizing endodontic files in dental practice.

Materials & Methods: The present study was performed on 100 K-files, 21 mm long and of size 25. Of these, 20 files were taken as control group, and the remaining 80 files were divided into 4 groups of 20 files each and they were tested for the efficacy of sterilization with different methods: Autoclave, glass bead, glutaraldehyde and CO2 laser.

Fracture strength of endodontically treated premolars: An In-vitro evaluation.

Background: The aim of this study is to measure the invitro fracture strength of endodontically treated maxillary premolars restored with silver amalgam, composite resins and bonded amalgam.

Materials & Methods: Sixty mature maxillary premolars free of caries, restoration or fracture extracted for orthodontic purpose or periodontal reasons were selected. The teeth were randomly divided into six groups of 10 teeth each.

Comparative evaluation of bone in mandibular implant retained overdentures using delayed and immediate loading protocol: an in-vivo study.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in periimplant bone quality, crestal bone level and the implant stability (periotest) for mandibular implant retained overdentures with ball attachments using delayed and immediate loading protocols. Ten completely edentulous patients had two alpha bio dental implants placed in the anterior part of the mandible. The loading protocols for the patients was chosen randomly by drawing lots.

Impacted Inverted Teeth with their Possible Treatment Protocols.

Introduction: Inversion of the impacted tooth is a rare condition. The purpose of this article is to review this rare condition in detail on the basis of available literature. In addition, this article also explores the various multidisciplinary approaches varying from space creation to prosthodontic rehabilitation and reimplantation to endodontic treatment for inverted impacted teeth.

Langerhans cells and their role in oral mucosal diseases.

Dendritic cells are arguably the most potent antigen-presenting cells and may be the only cells capable of initiating the adaptive immune response. The epithelial residents of dendritic cells are Langerhans cells, which serve as the "sentinels" of the mucosa, altering the immune system not only to pathogen entry but also of tolerance to self antigen and commensal microbes. Oral mucosal Langerhans cells are capable of engaging and internalizing a wide variety of pathogens and have been found responsive to nickel in patients with nickel allergies, oral Candida species, oral lichen planus, lichenoid drug eruptions, graft versus host diseases, periodontal diseases median rhomboid glossitis, human immunodeficiency virus infection, hairy leukoplakia of the tongue, and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The oral health status of patients with renal disease in central India: a preliminary study.

Aim: To compare prevalence of caries and periodontal disease amongst patients on renal dialysis with healthy individuals.

Materials And Methods: A case-control study was conducted amongst 30 cases and 30 controls. Patients who were diagnosed with renal disease were included as cases and systemically healthy individuals as controls.

Simultaneous quantification of nucleoproteins and comparison of methyl green-pyronin Y and Feulgen staining in sections of oral squamous cell carcinoma, dysplastic lesions and normal mucosa.

A fundamental difference between normal cells and tumor cells is the proliferative activity of the nucleus and nucleolus, which increases progressively from normal to oral dysplastic mucosa to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This activity is evaluated routinely using hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining, but in some cases, inter-observer variability occurs among pathologists. We evaluated cellular proliferation by staining sections with the methyl green-pyronin Y procedure and the Feulgen reaction.

Shear bond strength of acidic primer, light-cure glass ionomer, light-cure and self cure composite adhesive systems - an in vitro study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine shear bond strength and the effect on the bracket/ adhesive failure mode when an acidic primer and other etchants were used to condition the enamel surface before bonding.

Materials & Methods: Group I: Brackets bonded with Ultimate cure-on-light Light-cure composite adhesive system. Group II: Brackets bonded with Ortho-one no-mix.

Stem cells-the hidden treasure: A strategic review.

In today's scenario, medical and dental professionals face a mammoth task while treating perplexing medical situations like organ failure or tissue loss. Though, different strategies exist to replace them, but ideal one is the same natural tissue or organ. In this aspect, stem cells have emerged in a promising way to provide an ideal replacement.

Using spiral computed tomography for endodontic management of a mandibular first molar with a middle mesial canal: a case report.

The root canal anatomy of a permanent mandibular first molar has been traditionally described as 2 roots--1 mesial and 1 distal--with 2 canals in the mesial root and 1 or 2 canals in the distal root. Nonetheless, other possibilities exist. The presence of a third canal in the mesial root has been reported to have an incidence of 0%-17%.