Urinary bladder augmentation with acellular biologic scaffold-A preclinical study in a large animal model.

Current strategies in urinary bladder augmentation include use of gastrointestinal segments, however, the technique is associated with inevitable complications. An acellular biologic scaffold seems to be a promising option for urinary bladder augmentation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of bladder acellular matrix (BAM) for reconstruction of clinically significant large urinary bladder wall defects in a long-term porcine model.

Occurrence and Severity of Pain in Patients with Venous Leg Ulcers: A 12-Week Longitudinal Study.

Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of pain severity and its predictors in a group of patients with chronic venous leg ulcers.

Methods: A 12-week longitudinal study included 754 patients with chronic venous leg ulcers. Subjective severity of pain was measured at weekly intervals with an 11-point visual analogue scale (VAS).

Modeling of the irradiation effect on some physicochemical properties of metoprolol tartrate for safe medical uses.

The effect of gamma-irradiation and ionizing radiation (high-energy electrons beam) on the physicochemical properties of metoprolol tartrate at the solid phase and aqueous solution, has been investigated in the present study to model some properties affected by absorbed doses and to reveal some interesting mutual causal correlation. The proposed some interesting models can be adapted to other experimental conditions, and the newly obtained values of the adjustable parameters could be an excellent criterion of the state quality of the metoprolol tartrate or for other additional interpretations. The peculiar behaviour of variation of physicochemical properties against dose leads us to confirm the suggested optimized doses mentioned in previous work, for sterilization and safe medical uses.

Assessment of cartilage invasion in case of laryngeal cancer by means of longitudinal sectioning for histopathology - Clinical implications.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of radiological diagnosis of laryngeal cartilage infiltration by histopathological examination of laryngeal specimen after total laryngectomy.

Background: Despite the development of new medical technologies and significant clinical advances allowing early diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal cancer, mortality is still on the rise. Neoplastic infiltration of the laryngeal cartilages is the most common source of error in the assessment of cancer staging.

Scanning electron microscopic examination of absorption potency of various fibrous dressings.

Objective: There is a lack of literature on the characteristics and properties of fibre dressings available on the market. This study analysed the structure and absorption properties of different fibrous dressings used in wound treatment.

Method: This in vitro experiment was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and absorption test.

Assessment of biomechanical parameters of the shoulder joint at the operated side versus non-operated side in patients treated surgically for breast cancer.

Aim: Isokinetic assessment of biomechanical parameters of the shoulder joint at the operated side versus non-operated side in patients treated surgically for breast cancer according to the type of surgery performed.

Background: Despite significant progress in medicine, comprehensive cancer therapy may still cause a number of undesired structural and functional effects. The most frequent complications include long-term weakening of muscles within the shoulder and upper extremity at the operated side.

Assessment of Peritoneal Membrane Arteriolar Structure in Conjunction with Traditional Cardiovascular System Evaluation in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Stage 5 Patients.

Background/aims: Cardiovascular complications are responsible for increased mortality and morbidity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Functional and structural changes of peritoneal membrane are reported in CKD patients both on conservative treatment and on renal replacement therapy (RRT). The aim of the study was to assess the structure of peritoneal membrane small arteries (precapillary arterioles) in diabetic and non-diabetic CKD stage 5 patients before initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and evaluate its relationship with heart and large arteries abnormalities and with selected biochemical parameters.

Characteristic profiles of DNA epigenetic modifications in colon cancer and its predisposing conditions-benign adenomas and inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Active demethylation of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC) in DNA occurs by oxidation to 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine (5-hmdC) and further oxidation to 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-fdC) and 5-carboxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5-cadC), and is carried out by enzymes of the ten-eleven translocation family (TETs 1, 2, 3). Decreased level of epigenetic DNA modifications in cancer tissue may be a consequence of reduced activity/expression of TET proteins. To determine the role of epigenetic DNA modifications in colon cancer development, we analyzed their levels in normal colon and various colonic pathologies.

Determination of BRAF V600E (VE1) protein expression and BRAF gene mutation status in codon 600 in borderline and low-grade ovarian cancers.

Epithelial ovarian tumors are a group of morphologically and genetically heterogeneous neoplasms. Based on differences in clinical phenotype and genetic background, ovarian neoplasms are classified as low-grade and high-grade tumor. Borderline ovarian tumors represent approximately 10%-20% of all epithelial ovarian masses.

Recurrent epigenetic silencing of the PTPRD tumor suppressor in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Cellular processes like differentiation, mitotic cycle, and cell growth are regulated by tyrosine kinases with known oncogenic potential and tyrosine phosphatases that downmodulate the first. Therefore, tyrosine phosphatases are recurrent targets of gene alterations in human carcinomas. We and others suggested recently a tumor suppressor function of the PTPRD tyrosine phosphatase and reported homozygous deletions of the PTPRD locus in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Genetic signature and profiling of head and neck cancer: where do we stand?

Purpose Of Review: To focus on two novel aspects of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) genetics of special interest: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, an initial step in tumor progression that finally leads to metastasis formation, by explaining how genes as well as epigenetic factors control this process, and the new diagnostic options based on the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) that could revolutionize diagnosis in the coming years.

Recent Findings: We present an intriguing recently described group of factors, namely miRNAs, deregulated during EMT. MiRNAs could serve as novel markers of EMT and metastasis formation and are also a potential therapeutic target.

Assessment of BRAF V600E (VE1) protein expression and BRAF gene mutation status in codon 600 in benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms.

Background: The role of BRAF mutations in cancerogenesis has been demonstrated in several solid tumor types. However, in salivary gland tumors, this genetic alteration is very uncommon, and its role still remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze BRAF V600E (VE1) protein expression with BRAF mutation status in codon 600, in malignant and benign salivary gland tumors.

Bilateral Synchronous Stress Fracture of the Tibia in a Young Female Basketball Player.

We present a case of a bilateral synchronous stress fracture of the tibia in a young female basketball player. The patient was initially referred for ultrasound and radiographs of the knees to exclude Osgood-Schlatter disease. Radiographs and subsequent MRI revealed bilateral stress fractures of the proximal tibia.

Moving towards personalised therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through analysis of next generation sequencing data.

Personalised medicine tumour boards, which leverage genomic data to improve clinical management, are becoming standard for the treatment of many cancers. This paper is designed as a primer to assist clinicians treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients with an understanding of the discovery and functional impact of recurrent genetic lesions that are likely to influence the management of this disease in the near future. This manuscript integrates genetic data from publicly available array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) and next-generation sequencing genetics databases to identify the most common molecular alterations in HNSCC.

AbobotulinumtoxinA for Equinus Foot Deformity in Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Although botulinum toxin is a well-established treatment of focal spasticity in cerebral palsy, most trials have been small, and few have simultaneously assessed measures of muscle tone and clinical benefit.

Methods: Global, randomized, controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of abobotulinumtoxinA versus placebo in cerebral palsy children with dynamic equinus foot deformity. Patients were randomized (1:1:1) to abobotulinumtoxinA 10 U/kg/leg, 15 U/kg/leg, or placebo injections into the gastrocnemius-soleus complex (1 or both legs injected).

Global miRNA Expression Profiling Identifies miR-1290 as Novel Potential oncomiR in Laryngeal Carcinoma.

Background: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most common group among head and neck cancers. LSCC is characterized by a high incidence in Europe. With the aim of better understanding its genetic background we performed global miRNA expression profiling of LSCC cell lines and primary specimens.

Recurrent fetal complex ovarian cysts with rupture followed by simple cyst in the neonatal period with no adverse sequelae.

Fetal ovarian cysts are the most frequent type of abdominal tumors in female fetuses with prenatal detection rate of more than 30%. The etiology of fetal ovarian cysts is unclear, but hormonal stimulation as well as presence of maternal diabetes, hypothyroidism, Rh iso-immune hemolytic disease and toxemia has been generally considered responsible for the disease. Complications of fetal ovarian cysts include compression of other viscera, cyst rupture, hemorrhage and, most frequently, ovarian torsion with consequent loss of the ovary.

Frequent chromosomal aberrations and candidate genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The knowledge of the biology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has had relatively little impact on the improvement in oncologic outcome up to date. However, the identification of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) involved in cancer progression contributes to the understanding of the molecular pathways involved in oncogenesis and could contribute to individual risk assessment and provide tools for improvement of treatment and targets for therapy based on the alterations in these pathways. The aim of this article is to review the chromosomal aberrations commonly found in HNSCC, to identify the genes in these chromosomal regions suggested to act as (candidate) oncogenes or TSGs, and to discuss the molecular mechanisms modulating their expression.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gliclazide from immediate and modified release formulation tablets in rats.

The objective of the study was to compare pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of gliclazide after administration of immediate (IR) and modified release (MR) tablets. The experiment included rats with both normoglycemia and streptozocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia. Several MR formulations were designed and in-vitro drug release profile was assessed by a dissolution test.

An influence of immunomodulation on Th1 and Th2 immune response in endometriosis in an animal model.

Aim: To assess the role of the Th1 and Th2 cellular response in the etiology of endometriosis observed in a rat model, with the use of the RESAN immunomodulator.

Materials And Methods: A comparative analysis of cytokines in blood serum typical of Th1 (TNF-α and INF-γ ) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) cell response in groups of rats, in which RESAN preparation was used as prophylaxis (Gr. I) or treatment (Gr.

Comparative analysis of selected beta-blockers.

The suitability and effectiveness of a few spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods (UV, FT-IR, MS, TLC) for differentiating analysis of 6 beta-blockers: acebutolol, alprenolol, atenolol, metoprolol, pindolol and propranolol have been tested.

Stereoselective CZE method for analysis of verapamil and norverapamil in human plasma.

A stereospecific capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method was developed for the determination of verapamil (VER) and its main metabolite norverapamil (NOR) in human plasma. Optimal temperature, cyclodextrin selectors (CDs), pH of background electrolyte (BGE) and voltage were established to obtain complete separation of the chiral analytes and clopidogrel internal standard (I.S.

Stricture of ileo-anal J pouch anastomosis increased the intensity of pouchitis in an experimental rat model.

Background: Pouchitis appears to be the most common complication after restorative proctocolectomy.

Material/methods: In experimental models we investigated the correlation between the width of anastomosis and the frequency of pouchitis. Twenty-three Wistar rats underwent restorative proctocolectomy under pentobarbital anesthesia.

The influence of age on a clinical presentation of Toxocara spp. infection in children.

Unlabelled: Toxocariasis is a helminthozoonosis due to the infestation of humans by roundworms, Toxocara spp. Actual informations indicate it the most common worm infection in many countries, typically connected with rural areas. The authors analyzed the documentation of 84 children with positive serology to this worm.