All about ketamine premedication for children undergoing ophtalmic surgery.

Ketamine is a non-barbiturate cyclohexamine derivative which produces a state of sedation, immobility, analgesia, amnesia, and dissociation from the environment. One of the most important advantages of ketamine premedication is production of balanced sedation with less respiratory depression and less changes in blood pressure or heart rate. As its effects on intracranial pressure, the possible effect of ketamine on intraocular pressure has been controversial overtime.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules: cytologic and histopathologic correlation of 1096 patients.

Via routinely used thyroid function tests, scintigraphy and ultrasonography (USG), important information is obtained in the clinical and diagnostic practice for thyroid nodules. However, the distinction between benign and malignant lesions cannot precisely be performed with these tests. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is considered the most reliable diagnostic method in the differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Does aggressive and expectant management of severe preeclampsia affect the neurologic development of the infant?

Objective: To compare and evaluate the influences of expectant and aggressive management of severe preeclampsia on the first year neurologic development of the infants in pregnancies between 27 and 34 weeks of pregnancy.

Methods: Seventy women with severe preeclampsia between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation were included in the study. 37 patients were managed aggressively (Group 1) and 33 patients were managed expectantly (Group 2).

The setting mechanism of mineral trioxide aggregate.

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a powder containing calcium silicate composed of hydrophilic particles which harden at the presence of moisture. MTA was initially introduced as a root end filling material. Due its practical advantages that include superior biocompatility, effective sealing capability, and the ability to improve regeneration of the pulp and peripheral root tissues, it is used in different clinical applications such as pulp capping, apexification, pulpotomy and perforation.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw and dental implants.

Bisphosphonate (BP) is one of the possible riskfactors in the osteonecrosis of the jaw (ON J). Surgical interventions during or after the course of treatment by using BPs may expose the patient under this risk. Animal studies, human studies, case reports, and systematic reviews are used to show the relationship between the use of bisphosphonates and dental implants.

Arteriovenous malformations in the differential diagnosis of palatal swellings.

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is composed of abnormal communications between arteries and veins without the normal intervening capillary bed. AVM of the head and neck is a rare vascular anomaly. We present here an unusual case of AVM with the size of 4x3 cm at the left posterior palatal area.

Tooth extraction from a patient with cavernous hemangioma in maxillofacial region: case report.

Hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors which represent a rapid growth pattern followed by the involution phase. Generally, they are located in the soft tissues and are usually diagnosed in the first decade of life. Hemangiomas are mostly asymptomatic and rarely affect jaw bones.

Direct usage of miniscrew anchorage to intrude overerupted maxillary posterior teeth before prosthodontic preparation: a case report.

Overeruption of maxillary molars due loss of opposing teeth creates occlusal and functional interferences. Before reconstruction can be initiated, intrusion of overerupted molars becomes essential. This report illustrates treatment of overerupted maxillary premolar and molar via direct use of miniscrew anchorage.

Effects of different suture materials on tissue healing.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the healing differences in between four different widely used suture materials in the oral surgery practice, including silk (Perma- Hand; Ethicon, INC., Somerville, NJ, USA), polypropylene (Prolene; Ethicon, INC., Somerville, NJ, USA), coated polyglactin 910 (Ethicon, INC.

Paranasal sinus pathoses on cone beam computed tomography.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate paranasal sinus pathoses detected on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in an adult population.

Patients And Methods: Three observers retrospectively inspected 353 consecutive CBCT scans obtained in a dentomaxillofacial radiology department for paranasal sinus pathoses. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to determine the prevalence of categorical parameters.

Dental patients' knowledge and awareness about transmission ways of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the patients' attitude, knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS. And secondary aim was to assess the need for further education about HIV/AIDS.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire of 39 items was used to evaluate the patients' knowledge.

Mortal quintet of sickle cell diseases.

Background: Sickle cell diseases (SCDs) are chronic inflammatory processes on capillary level. We tried to understand some possible correlations between stroke and severity of SCDs.

Methods: All patients with SCDs were taken into the study.

Retinal detachment after vitrectomy performed for dropped nucleus following cataract surgery: a retrospective case series.

The present retrospective study aimed to investigate the frequency, risk factors, and anatomical and visual outcomes of retinal detachment (RD) after vitrectomy performed for dropped nucleus. Medical records of the patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) due to the development of dropped nucleus after cataract surgery by phacoemulsification between 2003 and 2014 in three different centers were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic characteristics of the patients, intraocular pressure before PPV, data regarding PPV, and development of RD during follow-up period were recorded.

Tonsilectomy in sickle cell diseases.

Background: We tried to understand whether or not there are lowered prevalences of terminal consequences of sickle cell diseases (SCDs) with tonsilectomy.

Methods: All cases with SCDs were taken into the study.

Results: The study included 334 patients (164 females).

An implementation on the social cost of hospital acquired infections.

Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) are defined as infections developing in relation to health services at inpatient treatment facilities in general. Although health services improve, HAIs continue to be seen both in underdeveloped and developed countries. HAIs result in a range of negative externalities.

Evaluation of left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in bipolar patients during lithium therapy.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness that is associated with substantial functional impairment, morbidity and mortality. Lithium is still considered as a first-line therapy in BD. In this study, systolic and diastolic function parameters were measured with echocardiography in BD during lithium therapy and compared to those of a control group.

Relationship between Achievement Goals and Students' Self-Reported Personal and Social Responsibility Behaviors.

This study utilized the 2x2 achievement goal model (mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, performance-avoidance goals) to explore the relationships between achievement goals and self-reported personal and social responsibility behaviors in high school physical education settings. Two hundred and twenty one Turkish students completed questionnaires assessing their achievement goals, personal and social responsibility behaviors. Results of the one-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant differences among the four achievement goals, F(3, 660) = 137.

Comparison of the tooth brushing habits of primary school age children and their parents.

Purpose: As they grow, children develop their attitude and behavior related to tooth brushing by taking their parents' oral-dental health behavior as an example. The purpose of this study was to assess whether there was a similarity in tooth brushing between primary school-age children and their parents presenting to the Department of Oral, Dental and Jaw Diseases and Surgery and the Department of Pedodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Istanbul University.

Patients And Methods: The study included 126 children and their parents, as totally 252 subjects.

Polymerization efficiency of two dual-cure cements through dental ceramics.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thickness of zirconia on curing efficiency of resin cements.

Materials And Methods: Four discs with 4.0 mm in diameter were prepared from non-HIP translucent zirconia blocks using a CAD/CAM system and feldspathic ceramic was layered onto discs.

The comparison of the precision of different dental radiographic methods in mandibular peri-implantary measurements: an in vitro study.

Purpose: The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate and compare the precisions of several radiodiagnostic methods used in dentistry for the measurement of peri-implantary sites.

Materials And Methods: Six dental implants were placed in a human cadaver mandible. Periapical radiographs obtained with the parallel as well as the bisecting angle technique, digital and conventional panoramic radiographs were used for implant and peri-implant bone measurements.

Higher hdl levels are a preventive factor for metabolic syndrome in obese Turkish children.

Aim: The definition of childhood metabolic syndrome has not been described clearly. Childhood obesity is increasing gradually, and the incidence of childhood metabolic syndrome is also rising. We aimed to show metabolic syndrome components and preventive factors for metabolic syndrome in obese children Methods: In the present study, 187 obese children and adolescents 5-18 years old were investigated retrospectively.

The effect of epidermal growth factor applied locally for pelviureteral anastomoses.

Objective: To investigate the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on fibrous tissue formation and wound healing in experimental pelviureteral anastomosis (PUA).

Materials And Methods: Twelve rabbits were divided equally into 2 groups: control (C) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). A 1-cm length of the ureteropelvic segment was resected through a laparotomy incision and then anastomosis was performed.

Effect of pre-operative red blood cell distribution on cancer stage and morbidity rate in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Background: The red blood cell distribution (RDW) is a test measure of erythrocyte variation and the volume level which shows the heterogeneity and it is a proven test in literature for the determination of survival on cardiovascular diseases. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the RDW level and postoperative morbidity as well as its stages in diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients.

Methods: In this study we covered 104 diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients who have been operated in 2011-2014.

Sickle cell diseases and ileus.

Background: We tried to understand whether or not there is an increased incidence of ileus in patients with sickle cell diseases (SCDs).

Methods: All cases with SCDs were taken into the study.

Results: The study included 325 patients (160 females).