Safe Pediatric Surgery: Turkish Adaptation of the Road to My Surgery Preoperative Checklist.

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the Turkish adaptation of the Road to My Surgery Preoperative Checklist.

Design: A methodological, correlational, and comparative study.

Methods: This study was conducted with 125 children between July 2022 and December 2023.

Study protocol for a hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial of Game Changers for Cervical Cancer Prevention in Uganda.

Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among Uganda women, yet rates of CC screening are very low. Training women who have recently screened to engage in advocacy for screening among women in their social network is a network-based strategy for promoting information dissemination and CC screening uptake.

Methods: Drawing on the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) framework for implementation science, this hybrid type 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a peer-led, group advocacy training intervention, Game Changers for Cervical Cancer Prevention (GC-CCP), will examine efficacy for increasing CC screening uptake as well as how it can be implemented and sustained in diverse clinic settings.

Assessing a bundle of peer counseling, mobile phone messages, and mama kits in promoting timely initiation of and exclusive breastfeeding in Uganda: A cluster randomized controlled study.

Background: Timely initiation of and exclusive breastfeeding have been recommended as key interventions to enable countries to attain the sustainable development target of reducing neonatal mortality to no more than 12 deaths per 1000 live births and to reduce mortality of children under 5 years to no more than 25 deaths per 1000 live births.

Methods: We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial with the main objective to assess the effect of an integrated package consisting of: peer counseling, mobile phone messages, and mama kits on promoting health facility births between January 2018 and February 2019, in Lira district, Northern Uganda. In this article, we assessed the effect of the intervention on our two secondary objectives: timely initiation of and exclusivity of breastfeeding.

Machine-learning versus traditional methods for prediction of all-cause mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Accurate mortality prediction following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is essential for mitigating risk, shared decision-making and periprocedural planning. Surgical risk models have demonstrated modest discriminative value for patients undergoing TAVI and are typically poorly calibrated, with incremental improvements seen in TAVI-specific models. Machine learning (ML) models offer an alternative risk stratification that may offer improved predictive accuracy.

Influence of DOAC Levels and Thrombin Generation on Postoperative Bleeding [SONAR]: A Nested Case-Control Study.

A DOAC concentration threshold above which an impact on surgical hemostasis starts to occur is unknown. Thrombin generation assays (TGAs) provide a measure of the coagulation phenotype. This study aimed to determine whether preoperative TGA parameters are associated with postoperative bleeding, and whether this is partly due to residual DOAC levels.

Nursing students' pain beliefs and attitudes toward pain assessment: A descriptive study.

Objectives: This study investigated nursing students' pain beliefs and attitudes toward pain assessment.

Methods: The sample consisted of 365 nursing students from a state university in the Central Black Sea Region of Türkiye. The research was conducted between May 5th and June 9th, 2023.

Machine Learning in Optimising Nursing Care Delivery Models: An Empirical Analysis of Hospital Wards.

Objective: This study aims to assess the performance of machine learning (ML) techniques in optimising nurse staffing and evaluating the appropriateness of nursing care delivery models in hospital wards. The primary outcome measures include the adequacy of nurse staffing and the appropriateness of the nursing care delivery system.

Background: Historical and current healthcare challenges, such as nurse shortages and increasing patient acuity, necessitate innovative approaches to nursing care delivery.

Determining the Mental Health Literacy Level of University Students and Examining Their Attitudes Towards Seeking Psychological Help.

This descriptive study examined the mental health literacy levels and attitudes towards seeking psychological help among university students. The study was conducted with 317 students from a university in Türkiye. Data were collected via an online platform using a Personal Information Form, the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) and the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPHS-SF).

The effect of using Kahoot in pediatric emergency nursing lessons on students' success and motivation levels: A randomized controlled study.

Aim: This study was planned to determine the effect of using Kahoot in pediatric emergency nursing lessons on students' lesson success and motivation levels.

Background: Pediatric emergency nursing lessons is considered to be an intensive and rich lesson that includes information about child health and development in addition to the learning outcomes of emergency nursing lessons, blending emergency and pediatric nursing.

Methods: It was found to be conducted as a randomized controlled study with a total of 60 nursing students, 30 for the experimental group and 30 for the control group, who took pediatric emergency nursing lessons and had never experienced Kahoot before.

The effect of Reiki on anxiety level in mothers of hospitalized children: A randomized-controlled study.

Context: Reiki is considered an effective, side-effect-free, and non-invasive method to alleviate anxiety.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Reiki on the anxiety levels of mothers with hospitalized children.

Method: This three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial included 120 mothers with hospitalized children who were divided into 3 equal-sized groups.

Breastfeeding Attitudes and Milk Production of Mothers Staying in Single and Double Rooms after Birth: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.

There is limited evidence on whether the interaction of mothers staying in double rooms (DRs) in the hospital after birth affects breastfeeding attitudes and milk production. To compare the breastfeeding attitudes and milk production of mothers staying in a DR in the hospital after birth with mothers staying in a single room (SR). In the study, 181 mothers who gave birth at term were included.

Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Skeletal Muscle and Liver Glucose Metabolism in Male Rodents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Aerobic exercise (AE) is associated with a significant hypoglycemia risk in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the mechanisms in the liver and skeletal muscle governing exercise-induced hypoglycemia in T1DM are poorly understood. This study examined the effects of a 60-minute bout of AE on hepatic and muscle glucose metabolism in T1DM rats.

HIF1α Plays a Crucial Role in the Development of TFE3-Rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma by Orchestrating a Metabolic Shift Toward Fatty Acid Synthesis.

Tumor development often requires cellular adaptation to a unique, high metabolic state; however, the molecular mechanisms that drive such metabolic changes in TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) remain poorly understood. TFE3-RCC, a rare subtype of RCC, is defined by the formation of chimeric proteins involving the transcription factor TFE3. In this study, we analyzed cell lines and genetically engineered mice, demonstrating that the expression of the chimeric protein PRCC-TFE3 induced a hypoxia-related signature by transcriptionally upregulating HIF1α and HIF2α.

Head Circumference for Growth Curves and Percentiles for 0-2-Year-Old Children in Ankara: Comparison with GAMLSS and Quantile Regression Methods.

Objective: Growth curves are important tools for assessing the growth and development of children in the target population by age. Measuring head circumference (HC) in infants is an important tool in monitoring infant health and brain development. The aims of this study are to construct current 0-2-year-old HC growth curves and percentiles and compare the methods used in the construction of growth curves for HC measurements by gender.

Effect of Sertraline and Vortioxetine on Stress-Induced Brain Injury in Rats: Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluations.

Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the comparative effects of sertraline and vortioxetine against stress-induced brain injury in rats.

Methods: The rats were assigned to a nonstress group (NSG), stress-treated control (StC), sertraline + stress (SSt), and vortioxetine + stress (VSt) groups. Sertraline and vortioxetine (10 mg/kg) were given orally by gavage to the SSt and VSt groups.

Widespread use of ChatGPT and other Artificial Intelligence tools among medical students in Uganda: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a 175-billion-parameter natural language processing model that uses deep learning algorithms trained on vast amounts of data to generate human-like texts such as essays. Consequently, it has introduced new challenges and threats to medical education. We assessed the use of ChatGPT and other AI tools among medical students in Uganda.

Human organoids for rapid validation of gene variants linked to cochlear malformations.

Developmental anomalies of the hearing organ, the cochlea, are diagnosed in approximately one-fourth of individuals with congenital. The majority of patients with cochlear malformations remain etiologically undiagnosed due to insufficient knowledge about underlying genes or the inability to make conclusive interpretations of identified genetic variants. We used exome sequencing for the genetic evaluation of hearing loss associated with cochlear malformations in three probands from unrelated families deafness.

Helping people with psychosis with a low-cost intervention DIALOG+: protocol for the economic evaluation in a randomised control trial in India and Pakistan.

Background: Approximately 69%-89% of people with severe mental illnesses, particularly psychosis, experience a treatment gap in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to factors such as low public spending on health and weak healthcare systems. The PIECEs project aims to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a solution-focused resource-oriented approach (DIALOG+) for improving the quality of life and mental well-being of people with psychosis in India and Pakistan.

Methods: The research design of this analysis is an economic evaluation piggybacked on the PIECEs randomised control trial to test the feasibility of DIALOG+ in India and Pakistan.

Association between recorded physical activity and cancer progression or mortality in individuals diagnosed with cancer in South Africa.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between progression and mortality in individuals with stage 1 cancer and their recorded physical activity before the diagnosis of the cancer.

Methods: We included 28 248 members with stage 1 cancers enrolled in an oncology programme in South Africa. Physical activity was recorded using fitness devices, logged gym sessions and participation in organised fitness events.

Impact and copying mechanisms towards retakes: A case study of five health training institutions in Sub Saharan Africa.

Background: Academic examination retakes are significant challenges in health professions education. With rigorous clinical assessments and high-stakes examinations, many students struggle to meet academic requirements, resulting in retakes. The voices and experiences of such students have often been absent within the broader discussion of health professions education.

How are the Attitudes Towards Aging and Aging and Death Anxiety in Individuals Over 65 Years of Age With Chronic Diseases?: A Cross-Sectional and Analytical Study.

This study examined the relationship between attitudes toward aging and death anxiety in individuals aged 65 and older with chronic diseases. The study involved 169 participants. Data were collected using Personal Information Form, Turkish Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS), and Attitudes toward Ageing and Elderliness Scale (ATAES).

Musical pitch and timbre perception in stuttering children.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate musical pitch and timbre perception in children who stutter and compare the results with typically developing children.

Methods: A total of 50 participants were included in the study, consisting of 25 children with stuttering (mean age = 10.06 years; range 6-17 years) and 25 typically developing children (mean age = 10.