May the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) play a role in predicting age-related macular degeneration?

Aim: It is known that a healthy and balanced diet plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The aim of this study is to show the possible relationship between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and AMD.

Methods: This observational longitudinal study included 50 patients who were diagnosed with AMD and 100 participants as control group in the Ophthalmology Polyclinic of Kırşehir Ahi Evran Training and Research Hospital between December 2022 and February 2023.

Erythroferrone and hepcidin levels in children with iron deficiency anemia.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia remains a significant public health issue in developing countries. The regulation of iron metabolism is primarily controlled by hepcidin, a key regulatory protein. During erythropoiesis, erythroferrone (ERFE), a hormone produced by erythroblasts in response to erythropoietin (EPO) synthesis, mediates the suppression of hepcidin.

The relationship between dry eye disease and anticholinergic burden.

Purpose: Anticholinergic drugs are widely prescribed for many medical conditions. However, data on the association of anticholinergic burden with dry eye disease (DED) are limited. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between anticholinergic burden and DED.

Choroidal vascularity index after a single dose of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in patients with refractory diabetic macular oedema.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal vascularity index (CVI) after a single dose of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in refractory diabetic macular oedema (DME).

Methods: Total choroidal area, luminal area, and CVI were measured at baseline, 1st month, and at 3rd month after dexamethasone implant using binarization of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images.

Results: A total of 25 eyes of 25 patients (mean age: 61.

The correlation between pseudoexfoliation syndrome and the Triglyceride-Glucose index.

Purpose: Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome is an age-related disease characterized by the accumulation of extracellular material in many ocular structures, skin and internal organs. Recent studies have shown that the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index has clinical importance for the evaluation of vascular damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between PEX syndrome and TyG index, and to detect the risk in terms of vascular diseases.

Analysis of choroidal vascularity index in multiple sclerosis patients without optic neuritis attack.

Background: To evaluate the choroidal structural changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients without previous optic neuritis (ON) attacks.

Methods: Forty eyes of 20 MS patients without a history of ON and 40 eyes of 20 age-matched healthy volunteers were included in this study. The choroidal thickness (CT) was measured at three points; subfoveal, 1500 µm nasal to the fovea, and 1500 µm temporal to the fovea.

Structural alterations of the choroid evaluated using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in patients with coronavirus disease.

Purpose: To assess choroidal changes using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Methods: Thirty-two patients with moderate COVID-19 and 34 healthy subjects were included in the study. Choroidal thickness was measured at 3 points as follows: at the subfovea, 1500 mm nasal to the fovea, and 1500 mm temporal to the fovea.

Factors effecting the choroidal vascularity index in children with mild to moderate myopia.

Purpose: To measure the choroidal structural parameters in a population of myopic children and determine the factors effecting the choroidal vascularity index (CVI).

Methods: In total, 200 eyes of 200 children (100 females, 100 males) with a mean age of 11.5 ± 1.

Short-term effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor on retinal vessel diameter in patients with systemic hypertension.

Purpose: To determine the retinal vessel diameter changes after angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor treatment in a group of hypertensive patients.

Methods: This study included 60 treatment-naive hypertensive patients who were treated with ACE inhibitor. Sixty healthy volunteers served as control group.

Normative data assessment of age-related changes in macular and optic nerve head vessel density using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Objective: To investigate macular and optic nerve head vessel density in healthy individuals using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and determine their relationship with age.

Method: This retrospective study included 153 eyes of 153 individuals aged between 20 and 80 years, who had no systemic diseases, optic disk, or retinal pathologies. The retinal (6 × 6 mm) and optic disk (4.

Short-term effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on choroidal vascularity.

Purpose: To determine the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on choroidal vascularity using the binarization method in a group of treatment-naïve hypertensive patients.

Methods: There were 48 treatment-naive hypertensive patients who were diagnosed according to the "2013 European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology" guideline and started angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril (Coversyl) in the study. As a control group, 48 healthy volunteers were randomly selected among people who attended the outpatient clinic for routine ophthalmological examination.

Vascular and structural alterations of the choroid evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography and enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography in eyes with reticular pseudodrusen and soft drusen.

Background: To assess the vascularity of choriocapillaris and structural choroidal differences in eyes with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and soft drusen.

Methods: 21 eyes with RPD (group 1), 17 eyes with soft drusen (group 2), and 19 eyes as a control group (group 3) were included in this study. Choriocapillaris vascular density and flow area were measured by optical coherence tomography angiography.

Choroidal vascularity index and retinal nerve fiber layer reflectivity in newly diagnosed migraine patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the choroidal structural parameters, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and optic density index (ODI) and their correlations in patients with migraine.

Methods: Twenty-eight newly diagnosed migraine patients and 28 age-matched healthy controls were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. The enhanced depth-optical coherence tomography images were evaluated.

Macular ganglion cell complex changes in eyes treated with aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal aflibercept injection on macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: In total, 36 eyes of 36 treatment-naïve patients with nAMD (18 female and 18 male) and 36 eyes of 36 healthy subjects (20 female and 16 male) as controls were included in this retrospective study. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images were evaluated after each injection for 3 months and at 12 months.

Comparison of the effects of intravitreal ranibizumab and aflibercept on retinal vessel diameters in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the effects of intravitreal ranibizumab and aflibercept treatment on retinal vessel diameters in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: Thirty initial-treatment naïve patients with DME who received three loading doses at monthly intervals of intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept were retrospectively reviewed. The diameters of the central retinal artery and vein sections at a distance of 1500 microns from the optical disc boundary were measured and evaluated at baseline and after the first, second, and third month of the treatment, using infrared images from optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany).

Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal and Conjunctival Swab Samples of Hospitalised Patients with Confirmed COVID-19.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of conjunctival and nasopharyngeal swab tests in patients with confirmed COVID-19.

Methods: This prospective study included 45 patients who were hospitalized for confirmed COVID-19. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were obtained from the patients before hospitalization.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings of patients with pars planitis and risk factors affecting visual acuity.

Purpose: To evaluate spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of 42 eyes with pars planitis and to identify risk factors affecting visual acuity.

Methods: Medical records and SD-OCT findings were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.

Optical coherence tomography angiography findings of diabetic patients with and without retinopathy.

Purpose: To emphasize the importance of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in the diagnosis and follow-up of diabetic individuals with and without retinopathy.

Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study of healthy persons and diabetic individuals with and without retinopathy. Area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) (mm²), non-perfused areas in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), mean vessel density (VD) in the SCP, and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were calculated.

Retinal Vessel Diameter Changes in COVID-19 Infected Patients.

: To evaluate the longitudinal changes in retinal vessel diameters in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).: This study included 25 patients with COVID-19 (Group 1) and 25 healthy subjects (Group 2). The diameters of peripapillary temporal and nasal retinal arteries and veins were measured at baseline and at 4 months after remission.

Evaluation of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index during pregnancy.

Objective: To assess the choroidal structural characteristics in the first and third trimesters in pregnant women using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography and binarization method.

Design: Prospective study.

Participants: Twenty-five eyes of 25 pregnant women in the first trimester (group 1) and 25 eyes of 25 pregnant women in the third trimester (group 2) were examined.