MEDIUM-TERM PERFLUORO-N-OCTANE AS RESCUE POSTOPERATIVE TAMPONADE FOR VERY COMPLEX RETINAL DETACHMENTS: ANATOMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES.

Purpose: To report the anatomical and functional outcomes of medium-term perfluoro-n-octane (PFO) tamponade as a rescue procedure in very complex retinal detachments (RDs).

Methods: We reviewed the case records of 35 consecutive patients who underwent vitrectomy for very complex RDs due to diverse etiologies. The surgical complexity was so graded because of the intraoperative failure to ascertain complete retinal reattachment; perfluoro-n-octane was used as rescue tamponade for 2 to 4 weeks.

Evolution and successful management of a large postvitrectomy macular hole.

We report the successful closure of a large postvitrectomy macular hole by temporal extension of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. A 25-year-old man underwent pars plana vitrectomy, ILM peeling, and perfluoropropane gas tamponade for optic pit with chronic macular schisis and outer lamellar hole. The macular schisis deroofed into a large, full-thickness macular hole postoperatively.

Phosphorylation of Thr9 Affects the Folding Landscape of the N-Terminal Segment of Human AGT Enhancing Protein Aggregation of Disease-Causing Mutants.

The mutations G170R and I244T are the most common disease cause in primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1). These mutations cause the misfolding of the AGT protein in the minor allele AGT-LM that contains the P11L polymorphism, which may affect the folding of the N-terminal segment (NTT-AGT). The NTT-AGT is phosphorylated at T9, although the role of this event in PH1 is unknown.

Effect of nanoparticle based intra-canal medicaments on root dentin micro-hardness.

Complete eradication of bacterial infection from the root canal with minimum or no effect on the microhardness of the dentin is desirable for the success of endodontic treatment. The effect of nanoparticle based intracanal medicaments on the root dentine microhardness was assessed. The medicaments used were combination of calcium hydroxide - silver nanoparticles, Combination of graphene oxide - silver nanoparticles, Calcium hydroxide and a control group.

Impact of Radiation on Male Fertility.

In today's time, environmental aspects, lifestyle changes, and person's health coalesce to form stupendous impact on the fertility. All of us are knowingly or unknowingly exposed to several types of radiation. These can lead to collection of early and delayed adverse effects of which infertility is one.

Three-dimensional printing in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Advanced imaging techniques and modalities coupled with computer-assisted surgical planning and simulation has been in use in the field of medicine. However, it is worth noting that it is now being frequently used for the evaluation and exploration of the craniofacial structures. It had gained ingress in the planning as well as forecasting of the surgical outcomes of oral and maxillofacial surgical interventions.

Reduction of kinesin I heavy chain decreases tau hyperphosphorylation, aggregation, and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathy models.

Many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, are characterized by tau pathology. Numerous motor proteins, many of which are involved in synaptic transmission, mediate transport in neurons. Dysfunction in motor protein-mediated neuronal transport mechanisms occurs in several neurodegenerative disorders but remains understudied in AD.

Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) remains the most common complication of surgery around the world. WHO does not make recommendations for changing gloves and instruments before wound closure owing to a lack of evidence. This study aimed to test whether a routine change of gloves and instruments before wound closure reduced abdominal SSI.

Unravelling the Differential Host Immuno-Inflammatory Responses to and Infections in Sepsis.

Previous reports from our lab have documented dysregulated host inflammatory reactions in response to bacterial infections in sepsis. Both Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) play a significant role in the development and progression of sepsis by releasing several virulence factors. During sepsis, host cells produce a range of inflammatory responses including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, nitrite generation, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release, and pro-inflammatory cytokines production.

In silico evaluation of the impact of Omicron variant of concern sublineage BA.4 and BA.5 on the sensitivity of RT-qPCR assays for SARS-CoV-2 detection using whole genome sequencing.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant of concern (VoC) Omicron (B.1.1.

To Drill or not to Drill: A Turnabout in Endodontic Practices during Corona Virus Disease -2019- A South India Based Study.

Introduction: The emergence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses an immense global health challenge. It also had a profound impact on dentistry with all elective treatment grinding to half initially and a slow phased return to normal services. The aim of the article is to provide an insight into the effect of COVID-19 on endodontic treatment.

MoCA in five Indian languages: A brief screening tool to diagnose dementia and MCI in a linguistically diverse setting.

Introduction And Objectives: Early dementia diagnosis in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) is challenging due to limited availability of brief, culturally appropriate, and psychometrically validated tests. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is one of the most widely used cognitive screening tests in primary and secondary care globally. In the current study, we adapted and validated MoCA in five Indian languages (Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam) and determined the optimal cut-off points that correspond to screening for clinical diagnosis of dementia and MCI.

Prevalence, severity, and risk factor of breakthrough infection after vaccination with either the Covaxin or the Covishield among healthcare workers: A nationwide cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has grappled the entire globe since the beginning of 2020. In India, two vaccines were released in January 2021, the Covaxin® and the Covishield™. However, despite vaccination, many breakthrough infections were reported during the second wave in India.

Continuous local anaesthetic wound infusion of bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in neonates: a randomised control trial (CANWIN Study).

Objective: To determine the effect of continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic drug (bupivacaine) on total amount of systemic opioid use in the first 72 hours in newborn infants undergoing laparotomy.

Design: A two-arm parallel, open-label randomised controlled trial.

Setting: A quaternary newborn intensive care unit.

Immune Checkpoint Blockade Outcome in Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Its Relationship With Retinoblastoma Mutation Status and Function.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in conjunction with chemotherapy is approved for the treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Although specific genomic abnormalities such as and gene mutations are associated with resistance to ICB in non-SCLC, no genomic abnormality has been found in association with resistance to ICB in SCLC.

Materials And Methods: We first analyzed a retrospective cohort of 42 patients with SCLC treated with single-agent ICB or ICB combination (data set A).

Delay in accessing definitive care for patients with microbial keratitis in Nepal.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the health-seeking journey for patients with microbial keratitis (MK) in Nepal and identify factors associated with delay.

Methods: Prospective cohort study where MK patients attending a large, tertiary-referral eye hospital in south-eastern Nepal between June 2019 and November 2020 were recruited. We collected demographic details, clinical history, and examination findings.

Drug repurposing: re-inventing therapies for cancer without re-entering the development pipeline-a review.

While majority of the current treatment approaches for cancer remain expensive and are associated with several side effects, development of new treatment modalities takes a significant period of research, time, and expenditure. An alternative novel approach is drug repurposing that focuses on finding new applications for the previously clinically approved drugs. The process of drug repurposing has also been facilitated by current advances in the field of proteomics, genomics, and information computational biology.

Comparison of Punch Biopsy and Loop Biopsy for the Management of Severe Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN).

Objective: The study was undertaken for comparing the colposcopy directed punch versus loop excision biopsy technique in order to get the most précised sample for study as well as comparing the complications associated with them

Materials And Methods: The prospective clinical study was conducted on 50 women of age group 20-80 years. Women who were found to have a Reid colposcopic index of high grade disease, low grade disease or invasive disease recognized as the patients needed biopsy. They were randomly divided into either the punch biopsy forceps group (PB group) or the round loop electrode group (LE group).

Globe and Adnexal Trauma Terminology Survey.

Importance: Ocular trauma terminology should be periodically updated to enable comprehensive capturing and monitoring of ocular trauma in clinical and research settings.

Objective: To update terminology for globe and adnexal trauma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A 2-round modified Delphi survey was conducted from January 1 to July 31, 2021, using an expert panel, including 69 ophthalmologists identified through their membership in ophthalmology (globe and adnexal trauma) societies.