15,347 results match your criteria: "Justus-Liebig- University[Affiliation]"

Chronic activation of the adaptive immune system is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. As PI3Kδ is a key regulator of T and B cell differentiation and function, we hypothesized that alleviation of adaptive immunity by PI3Kδ inactivation may represent an attractive strategy counteracting atherogenesis. As expected, lack of hematopoietic PI3Kδ in atherosclerosis-prone Ldlr-/- mice resulted in lowered T and B cell numbers, CD4+ effector T cells, Th1 response, and immunoglobulin levels.

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While highly effective at killing Gram-positive bacteria, auranofin lacks significant activity against Gram-negative species for reasons that largely remain unclear. Here, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the low susceptibility of the Gram-negative model organism to auranofin when compared to the Gram-positive model organism . The proteome response of exposed to auranofin suggests a combination of inactivation of thiol-containing enzymes and the induction of systemic oxidative stress.

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Oxygen saturation measurement in cyanotic heart disease with the Apple watch.

Cardiol Young

October 2024

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Congenital Heart Disease, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, HE, 35390, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • The study assessed the effectiveness of the Apple Watch® in measuring transcutaneous oxygen saturation in children with cyanotic heart disease during a six-minute walk test.
  • Results showed that the Apple Watch® successfully measured saturation in most children, but was only reliable for those with higher saturation levels (above 85%).
  • The findings suggest using the Apple Watch® for monitoring oxygen saturation in children with mild cyanosis, but it is not recommended for those with moderate or severe cyanosis due to unreliable results.
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  • Flavivirus infections, such as Zika and West Nile, significantly impact the host's lipid metabolism, leading to changes in specific lipid levels early in the infection.
  • Increased levels of certain lipids, like ceramides, and alterations in glycerophospholipid and fatty acid metabolism are observed, especially in viruses causing cell damage.
  • Disrupting specific lipid-related enzymes can reduce virus replication and effects on cells, indicating that lipid remodeling is crucial for the infection and replication of orthoflaviviruses.
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Successful therapy of a newborn with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia nosocomial pneumonia with cefiderocol.

Infection

October 2024

Department of Medicine V - Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases & Infection Control, Justus- Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • - Cefiderocol is a new type of antibiotic designed to treat severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as sepsis and certain types of pneumonia in adults.
  • - Its use in newborns is limited, with only a few documented cases so far.
  • - The text highlights a successful treatment case where cefiderocol was used to treat a newborn with pneumonia-related sepsis caused by the bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
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Effects of different husbandry systems and attitudes of cattle farmers on the behavior and welfare of cattle in Germany.

J Appl Anim Welf Sci

October 2024

Working Group for Applied Ethology and Animal Behaviour Therapy, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • * An online survey of 1,242 German cattle farmers found that factors such as husbandry systems, number of cattle, grazing practices, and human-animal relationships impact abnormal behaviors (like tongue play) and diseases (particularly musculoskeletal disorders).
  • * The research highlights two main attitudes among farmers—emotional and utilitarian—and suggests that positive attitudes and good husbandry practices can improve cattle welfare, reducing pain, disease, and abnormal behaviors.
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Article Synopsis
  • Emotional disorders like depression and anxiety have similar causes and treatment approaches, prompting researchers to explore their shared characteristics.
  • The study plans to monitor at least 200 patients undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy across two clinics in Germany, assessing various transdiagnostic markers.
  • Findings aim to identify key markers that predict treatment outcomes and to understand patient groups that may struggle to benefit from therapy.
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A review of bites by non-front-fanged snakes (NFFS) of Europe.

Toxicon

November 2024

Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany; Animal Venomics Lab, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany; LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Non-front-fanged snakes (NFFS) have been largely neglected in snake venom research, leading to unclear assessments of their medical significance for human bites.
  • The review focuses on European NFFS, highlighting that while most bites cause mild symptoms, the genus Malpolon can result in more severe local and systemic effects.
  • It emphasizes the importance of professional medical evaluation for any bite from these snakes to ensure safety and aid in understanding their potential risks.
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Microbial inoculants using spent mushroom substrates as carriers improve soil multifunctionality and plant growth by changing soil microbial community structure.

J Environ Manage

November 2024

Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China. Electronic address:

Peat is typically used as a carrier for microbial inoculants; however, due to its non-renewable nature alternatives need to be identified as reliable and renewable carriers for mineral-solubilizing inoculants. In pot experiments, solid microbial inoculants were comprised of peat (P), biochar (BC), and spent mushroom substrates (SMS) using Medicago sativa L. as experimental materials, and the purpose of this study is to assess the effect of solid microbial inoculants on soil multifunctionality and plant growth.

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Altering posture relative to the direction of gravity, or exposure to microgravity has been shown to affect many aspects of perception, including size perception. Our aims in this study were to investigate whether changes in posture and long-term exposure to microgravity bias the visual perception of object height and to test whether any such biases are accompanied by changes in precision. We also explored the possibility of sex/gender differences.

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Understanding nuclear mRNA export: Survival under stress.

Mol Cell

October 2024

Institute of Biochemistry, FB08, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, 35392 Giessen, Germany. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Nuclear messenger RNA (mRNA) export is really important for cells to stay alive, especially when they're facing stress.
  • When cells are stressed, they stop sending out a lot of mRNA and focus on sending out just the ones that help deal with stress.
  • This review talks about how mRNA is exported from the nucleus, how cells adapt to stress by selecting specific mRNAs, and mentions that there’s still more to learn about these processes.
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  • Integrated approaches to mapping skin Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) may optimize resource allocation, but extensive data covering multiple endemic countries was previously lacking.
  • Between March 2021 and March 2023, integrated case searches were conducted in Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, and Ghana, screening over 61,000 individuals for various skin conditions including yaws and other NTDs.
  • The findings revealed that 18.6% of those screened had skin lesions, with the majority being children; yaws was confirmed in a varying proportion of cases across the three countries, while scabies and fungal infections were the most commonly diagnosed conditions.
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Mitigating ongoing losses of insects and their key functions (e.g. pollination) requires tracking large-scale and long-term community changes.

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Harnessing RNA interference for the control of Fusarium species: A critical review.

Mol Plant Pathol

October 2024

Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

Fusarium fungi are a pervasive threat to global agricultural productivity. They cause a spectrum of plant diseases that result in significant yield losses and threaten food safety by producing mycotoxins that are harmful to human and animal health. In recent years, the exploitation of the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism has emerged as a promising avenue for the control of Fusarium-induced diseases, providing both a mechanistic understanding of Fusarium gene function and a potential strategy for environmentally sustainable disease management.

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Golden Gate Cloning of Expression Plasmids for Synthetic Small RNAs in Bacteria.

Methods Mol Biol

October 2024

Institute for Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression after transcription and have a simple design suitable for synthetic biology.
  • The chapter introduces a series of plasmids for E. coli and outlines protocols for quickly creating synthetic sRNA expression plasmids using Golden Gate assembly.
  • The authors also present the G-GArden tool, which helps design oligonucleotides for efficient and seamless assembly, suggesting these methods could be applied to various bacteria beyond E. coli.
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Relevance of charged and polar amino acids for functionality of membrane toxin TisB.

Sci Rep

October 2024

Institute for Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.

Bacterial dormancy is marked by reduced cellular activity and the suspension of growth. It represents a valuable strategy to survive stressful conditions, as exemplified by the long-term tolerance towards antibiotics that is attributable to a fraction of dormant cells, so-called persisters. Here, we investigate the membrane toxin TisB (29 amino acids) from the chromosomal toxin-antitoxin system tisB/istR-1 in Escherichia coli.

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To gain a deeper understanding of skeletal muscle function in younger age and aging in elderly, identification of molecular signatures regulating these functions under physiological conditions is needed. Although molecular studies of healthy muscle have been conducted on adults and older subjects, there is a lack of research on infant muscle in terms of combined morphological, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles. To address this gap of knowledge, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), morphometric analysis and assays for mitochondrial maintenance in skeletal muscle biopsies from both, infants aged 4-28 months and adults aged 19-65 years.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to compare the constraint levels of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) liners from different implant systems, focusing on how design affects stability.
  • Using 3D planning software, measurements of jump height, stability ratio, and angle of coverage were conducted for various liner sizes to evaluate differences among implant systems.
  • Results indicated significant variability in stability ratios and jump heights between different rTSA systems, with some systems maintaining consistency in stability across sizes while others showed considerable inconsistencies.
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Serum selenium concentrations in neonatal calves: Influence of postnatal selenium injection and health status.

Can Vet J

October 2024

Veterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 106, 35392 Giessen, Germany (Stahl, Krohn, Wehrend); Clinic for Ruminants and Herd Health Management, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 104, 35392 Giessen, Germany (Stahl); Unit for Biomathematics and Data Processing, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 95, 35392 Giessen, Germany (Büttner).

Background: Selenium supply plays a major role in calf rearing, as a deficiency can lead to health problems, economic loss, and even death. Therefore, postnatal selenium injections are often administered as a preventive measure.

Objective: In this study, we examined the serum selenium concentrations of healthy and sick calves within the first days of life.

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In everyday tasks, the choices we make incorporate complex trade-offs between conflicting factors that affect how we will achieve our goals. Previous experimental research has used dual-target visual search to determine how people flexibly adjust their behaviour and make choices that optimise their decisions. In this experiment, we leveraged a visual search task that incorporates complex trade-offs, and electroencephalography (EEG), to understand how neural mechanisms of selective attention contribute to choice behaviour in these tasks.

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Background: Compared to intensive care unit patients with SARS-CoV-2 negative acute respiratory tract infections, patients with SARS-CoV-2 are supposed to develop more frequently and more severely neurologic sequelae. Delirium and subsequent neurocognitive deficits (NCD) have implications for patients' morbidity and mortality. However, the extent of brain injury during acute COVID-19 and subsequent NCD still remain largely unexplored.

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Predictors of symptom improvement in patients with chronic coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Clin Res Cardiol

December 2024

University Heart Centre Regensburg, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Decreases in symptom severity and enhancements in quality of life are key objectives for treating patients with symptomatic chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) using invasive methods like PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention).
  • A study involving 145 patients showed significant improvements in quality of life, physical limitation, and angina frequency six months post-PCI, with the most significant improvements seen in those with worse baseline health status.
  • Engaging in physical activity after the procedure further boosted quality of life improvements, indicating that patient health before treatment is crucial for outcomes, while demographic factors and psychological traits had minimal impact.
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The state of nitrogen in rivers and streams across sub-Saharan Africa.

Sci Total Environ

December 2024

Centre for International Development and Environmental Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Senckenbergstr. 3, 35390 Giessen, Germany; Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany.

The nutrient status of rivers and streams is less researched in sub-Saharan Africa than in many other inhabited regions of the world. Given the expected population growth, intensification of agriculture, increased pressure on natural ecosystems and projected climate change in sub-Saharan Africa, it is crucial to quantify and understand drivers behind spatiotemporal patterns of nitrogen concentrations and loads in rivers and streams. Such knowledge can support sustainable management of water resources with the goal to provide clean water, create and maintain healthy ecosystems and prevent excessive pollution of water resources with nitrogen compounds, as is found in large parts of North America, Europe and Asia.

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Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing for Biologic Classification and Individualized Risk Stratification in Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma.

J Clin Oncol

December 2024

Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Current challenges in treating Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) include relapsed/refractory cases and long-term treatment toxicities, and genetic and TME analysis could improve risk assessment.
  • This study used circulating tumor DNA sequencing from 243 patients to identify and validate three distinct HL subtypes: inflammatory immune escape, virally-driven, and oncogene-driven HL, each with unique characteristics.
  • The findings suggest a noninvasive approach for personalized risk stratification and monitoring of minimal residual disease, which may help identify patients at high risk of relapse.*
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