Observation of h_{c} Radiative Decay h_{c}→γη^{'} and Evidence for h_{c}→γη.

A search for radiative decays of the P-wave spin singlet charmonium resonance h_{c} is performed based on 4.48×10^{8} ψ^{'} events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Events of the reaction channels h_{c}→γη^{'} and γη are observed with a statistical significance of 8.

FGF10 promotes regional foetal cardiomyocyte proliferation and adult cardiomyocyte cell-cycle re-entry.

Aims: Cardiomyocyte proliferation gradually declines during embryogenesis resulting in severely limited regenerative capacities in the adult heart. Understanding the developmental processes controlling cardiomyocyte proliferation may thus identify new therapeutic targets to modulate the cell-cycle activity of cardiomyocytes in the adult heart. This study aims to determine the mechanism by which fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) controls foetal cardiomyocyte proliferation and to test the hypothesis that FGF10 promotes the proliferative capacity of adult cardiomyocytes.

The representation of material categories in the brain.

Using textures mapped onto virtual nonsense objects, it has recently been shown that early visual cortex plays an important role in processing material properties. Here, we examined brain activation to photographs of materials, consisting of wood, stone, metal and fabric surfaces. These photographs were close-ups in the sense that the materials filled the image.

Dietary patterns and nutritional health of women: the nutrition transition in rural Tanzania.

Background: Many developing countries are experiencing a rapid nutrition transition in urban areas.

Objective: To investigate whether a nutrition transition was occurring in a rural area by examining the dietary patterns of women in rural Tanzania.

Methods: A total of 252 women aged 16 to 45 years from three districts of northeastern and central Tanzania participated.

B7-H1 and B7-DC receptors of oral squamous carcinoma cells are upregulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis.

The up-regulation of the B7-H1 receptors in host cells might influence the chronicity of inflammatory disorders that frequently precede the development of human cancers. B7-H1 expression has been detected in the majority of human cancers, leading to anergy and apoptosis of activated T cells, and enabling tumor cells to overcome host response. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.

HybHyp--hybridizing the host: the long reach of parasite genes. A new hypothesis to explain host-parasite interrelationships in plant hybrid complexes.

Ever since existence of sexuality in plants was accepted in around 1700, questions centred about the role and maintenance of sexual reproduction in general, leading to a number of hypotheses like the Vicar of Bray, the Ratchet or the Hitch-hiker theory. Bell (The masterpiece of nature. The evolution and genetics of sexuality.

Fatal cowpox virus infection in captive banded mongooses (Mungos mungo).

Cowpox virus infections have been described in various domestic and exotic animal species. This report is the first on an outbreak of fatal generalized cowpox virus infection among captive banded mongooses (Mungos mungo, suborder Feliformia). All animals of a colony of 8 mongooses showed a fulminant course of disease.

High prevalence of non-productive FeLV infection in necropsied cats and significant association with pathological findings.

Applying a combination of semi-nested PCR and immunohistology (IHC), the presence of exogenous feline leukemia virus infection was studied in 302 necropsied cats with various disorders. 9% showed the classical outcome of persistent productive FeLV infection which was represented by FeLV antigen expression in different organs. 152 cats (50%) harboured exogenous FeLV-specific proviral sequences in the bone marrow but did not express viral antigen.

Multiple granulomas in three squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) caused by Mycobacterium microti.

Mycobacterium microti, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causes tuberculosis in small rodents and occasionally in other mammals including man. Three adult male squirrel monkeys, two with a history of lethargy, weakness and stridor and one with paralysis of the hind legs, were presented for necropsy. One of the two lethargic animals showed multiple granulomas in the mesentery, mesenteric lymph nodes, lung, liver, kidneys and spleen, while the other showed granulomas only in the lung.

Gongylonema pulchrum infection and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a vari (Lemur macaco variegata; Kehr 1792).

This report describes the morphologic and histologic features of a case of esophageal Gongylonema pulchrum infection and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a 17-yr-old, female vari (Lemur macaco variegates). The lemur had lived in a German zoo and had a clinical history of dyspnea, vomiting, and anorexia. At necropsy, a whitish, soft, nodular, centrally necrotic mass was found in the caudal third of the esophagus.

Glutamine signalling in bacteria.

Glutamine is a metabolite of central importance in bacterial physiology. In addition to its function as one of the 20 standard amino acids in protein synthesis, glutamine is required for the biosynthesis of a variety of nitrogen-containing compounds. Of particular importance is glutamine synthesis as primary reaction of ammonium assimilation.

Clear cell trichoblastomas in two dogs.

Two cases of clear cell trichoblastomas were diagnosed in young dogs. The tumour had ribbons of basaloid cells as seen in ribbon trichoblastomas, as well as differentiation to external root sheath of the hair follicle and few cells with sebaceous differentiation. This is the first report of clear cell trichoblastoma in dogs.

CTCF binding and higher order chromatin structure of the H19 locus are maintained in mitotic chromatin.

Most of the transcription factors, RNA polymerases and enhancer binding factors are absent from condensed mitotic chromosomes. In contrast, epigenetic marks of active and inactive genes somehow survive mitosis, since the activity status from one cell generation to the next is maintained. For the zinc-finger protein CTCF, a role in interpreting and propagating epigenetic states and in separating expression domains has been documented.

Directed binding: a novel physical mechanism that describes the directional motion of two-headed kinesin motor proteins.

We propose a novel physical mechanism to describe the mode of processive propagation of two-headed kinesin motor proteins along microtubule (MT) filaments. Binding and unbinding of the kinesin heads to and from the MT filament play a crucial role in producing movement. The chemical energy of adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis is used in large part for the unbinding process of kinesin from the MT filament.

Dynamic association of the mammalian insulator protein CTCF with centrosomes and the midbody.

CTCF is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed DNA-binding protein that has widespread capabilities in gene regulation. CTCF plays important roles in cell growth regulatory processes and epigenetic functions. Ectopic expression of CTCF results in severe cell growth inhibition at multiple points within the cell cycle, indicating that CTCF levels must be stringently monitored.

Extensive abdominal splenosis: imaging features.

We present the case of a 22-year-old patient who had splenectomy in childhood after trauma and had a known chronic active infection with hepatitis C. Imaging procedures in different radiologic modalities diagnosed diffuse intraabdominal splenosis. Splenosis is a rare, severe complication of splenic trauma or surgery, but the pathogenesis is not clear.

Thyroid hormone-regulated enhancer blocking: cooperation of CTCF and thyroid hormone receptor.

The highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, zinc finger protein CTCF is involved in enhancer blocking, a mechanism crucial for shielding genes from illegitimate enhancer effects. Interestingly, CTCF-binding sites are often flanked by thyroid hormone response elements (TREs), as at the chicken lysozyme upstream silencer. Here we identify a similar composite site positioned upstream of the human c-myc gene.

The thyroid hormone receptor and the insulator protein CTCF: two different factors with overlapping functions.

Thyroid hormones and thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) confer a fundamental regulation of critical genes involved in metabolism, differentiation, and development. A similar role is attributed to the highly conserved zinc-finger factor CTCF. Furthermore, a potential role in tumour suppression has been attributed to CTCF.

Cardiovascular responses of perimenopausal women to hormonal replacement therapy.

Objective: This study was undertake to test the hypothesis that hormone replacement therapy alters cardiovascular function during the first several months of therapy.

Study Design: Serial estimates of blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, and venous capacitance were obtained before and at 1, 5, 9, and 21 weeks after the beginning of hormone replacement therapy with daily estradiol and intermittent norethindrone. Measurements were performed by means of electrocardiography, automated blood pressure measurement (Dynamap; Critikon Company LLC, Tampa, Fla), echocardiography, and plethysmography.

The value of renal scintigraphy during controlled diuresis in children with hydronephrosis.

Dynamic renal scintigraphy (DRS) during controlled diuresis is the method of choice to diagnose the functional relevance of urinary tract obstruction in children with sonographically demonstrated hydronephrosis. However, there are no commonly accepted scintigraphic criteria for surgical intervention. On the basis of our findings, we propose four stages of washout (WO) of tracer following diuresis: in stage I, WO>50%, neither further diagnosis nor intervention is necessary; in stage II, 50%>/=WO>/=12%, repetition of DRS is advised within 3-4 months; and in stage III, 12%>WO>/=5%, DRS should be repeated within 1-2 months.

Large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels in the soma of rat motoneurones.

Properties of large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels were studied in the soma of motoneurones visually identified in thin slices of neonatal rat spinal cord. The channels had a conductance of 82 +/- 5 pS in external Ringer solution (5.6 mM Ko+/(/)155 mM Ki+) and 231 +/- 4 pS in external high-Ko solution (155 mM Ko+/(/)155 mM Ki+).

Pronounced differences in the frequency of TaqI beta A-inhibin alleles between sheep breeds with different reproductive performance.

A total of 419 individuals of four breeds with differing fecundity (Rhoenschaf, Merinolandschaf, East Friesian Milksheep, Romanov) and several wild sheep of the Ovis musimon, O. orientalis, O. vignei and O.

Effects of alpha-amanitin on nuclear maturation of porcine oocytes in vitro.

The effects of alpha-amanitin on cumulus enclosed and denuded porcine oocytes exposed to this heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) synthesis inhibitor at different times (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 20 h) after the start of culture was investigated. A further objective was to determine the sequence of nuclear progression after removing the inhibitor.

Mexiletine in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.

Objective: To prove the efficacy of mexiletine in painful diabetic neuropathy.

Research Design And Methods: Treatment was provided in three dosages. For pain measurements, a VAS and McGill's verbal rating scale were chosen.