Treatment of an Insertional High Grade Partial Patellar Tendon Tear Utilizing a Bio-Inductive Implant.

The management of recalcitrant patellar tendinopathies in the athletic population can be vexing to both the surgeon and patient. To date the majority of treatments for this disease pathology are non-surgical in nature. When surgical intervention is required, open debridement and/or tendon take-down with repair has been necessary.

Long jumpers with and without a transtibial amputation have different three-dimensional centre of mass and joint take-off step kinematics.

Long jumpers with below the knee amputation (BKA) have achieved remarkable performances, yet the underlying biomechanics resulting in these jump distances are unknown. We measured three-dimensional motion and used multi-segment modelling to quantify and compare the centre of mass (COM) and joint kinematics of three long jumpers with BKA and seven non-amputee long jumpers during the take-off step of the long jump. Despite having the same jump distances, athletes with BKA, who used their affected leg for the take-off step, had lower sagittal plane hip and knee joint range of motion and positioned their affected leg more laterally relative to the COM compared to non-amputee athletes.

Quadriceps tendinopathy: a review-part 1: epidemiology and diagnosis.

Overuse injuries of the extensor mechanism of the knee are common in both athletes and non-athletes and usually occur during activities associated with repetitive loading, stress, and knee extension. Historically, they have been labeled as Jumper's knee due to the high prevalence seen in the athletic community. In many published reports, the name "patellar tendinopathy" is used to describe this disorder of the quadriceps tendon at the patellar insertion, and the names are often used interchangeably.

Patellar tendon structure responds to load over a 7-week preseason in elite male volleyball players.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between external and internal load and the response of the patellar tendon structure assessed with ultrasound tissue characterization (UTC) in elite male volleyball players during preseason. Eighteen players were followed over 7 weeks, measuring four load parameters during every training and match: volume (minutes played), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) (ranging from 6 to 20), weekly load (RPE*volume), and jump frequency (number of jumps). Patellar tendon structure was measured biweekly using UTC, which quantifies tendon matrix stability resulting in four different echo types (I-IV).

Bilateral changes in tendon structure of patients diagnosed with unilateral insertional or midportion achilles tendinopathy or patellar tendinopathy.

Purpose: Changes in tendon structure are commonly seen in patients with unilateral achilles (AT) or patellar (PT) tendinopathy but might also be present on the asymptomatic side, indicating a higher risk for developing symptoms. The aim of this study is to compare tendon structure of the symptomatic side with the asymptomatic side in AT and PT patients and control subjects.

Methods: A total of 46 patients with unilateral AT (16 insertional and 30 midportion) and 38 with unilateral PT were included.

Blobbing injury patterns.

Introduction: "Blobbing" is a modern outdoor activity where a participant sits on the end of a partially inflated air bag ("blobber") and is launched into the water when another participant jumps onto the air bag from a platform on the opposite side ("jumper"). This is the first study to evaluate the injury patterns associated with blobbing.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted based on 86 patients who sustained blobbing injuries between January 2011 and December 2016.

Vertical stiffness during one-legged hopping with and without using a running-specific prosthesis.

Although athletes with unilateral below-the-knee amputations (BKAs) generally use their affected leg, including their prosthesis, as their take-off leg for the long jump, little is known about the spring-like leg behavior and stiffness regulation of the affected leg. The purpose of this study was to investigate vertical stiffness during one-legged hopping in an elite-level long jump athlete with a unilateral BKA. We used the spring-mass model to calculate vertical stiffness, which equals the ratio of maximum vertical ground reaction force to maximum center of mass displacement, while the athlete with a BKA hopped on one leg at a range of frequencies.

Evaluation of Intrinsic Biomechanical Risk Factors in Patellar Tendinopathy: A Retrospective Radiographic Case-Control Series.

Background: Patellar tendinopathy is an overuse condition often affecting athletes. It has been postulated that patellar tendinopathy is associated with patella alta; however, this and any other anatomic risk factors have not been identified.

Purpose: To explore whether lever arm differences from radiographic measurements exist between patients with and without tendinopathy.

Jumper's knee mechanical consequences in professional basketball players: the "Camel's Back curve".

Purpose: Jumper's knee is characterized by an anterior knee pain during tendon palpation and can be classified in overuse pathologies, secondary to repetitive jumps. The prevalence is high in professional basketball players. It is responsible for an alteration of the motor control inducing a strength deficit of the quadriceps.

Tendinosis-like changes in denervated rat Achilles tendon.

Background: Tendon disorders are common and lead to significant disability and pain. Our knowledge of the 'tennis elbow', the 'jumpers knee', and Achilles tendinosis has increased over the years, but changes in denervated tendons is yet to be described in detail. The aim of the present study was to investigate the morphological and biochemical changes in tendon tissue following two weeks of denervation using a unilateral sciatic nerve transection model in rat Achilles tendons.

Three-Dimensional Takeoff Step Kinetics of Long Jumpers with and without a Transtibial Amputation.

Purpose: The loads applied on the musculoskeletal system during the long jump takeoff step are not well established for nonamputee athletes or athletes with a lower extremity amputation. Information on joint loading and potential injury mechanisms is important for improving training or rehabilitation protocols, prosthetic design, and the general understanding of the long jump.

Methods: Three-dimensional takeoff step kinematics and kinetics were used for inverse dynamic model calculations on three male athletes with and seven male athletes without a below the knee amputation (BKA).

Confirmatory factor analysis of VISA-P scale and measurement invariance across sexes in athletes with patellar tendinopathy.

Background: The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Patella (VISA-P) scale is the most condition-specific patient-reported outcome measure used to assess symptom severity in athletes with patellar tendinopathy. Previous exploratory factor analyses have been conducted to evaluate the scale's dimensionality, with inconsistent results, and the factor structure of the scale remains unclear. The aims of the present study were to determine the factorial structure of the VISA-P scale using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and test measurement invariance across sexes.

Jumper's Knee: A Prospective Evaluation of Risk Factors in Volleyball Players Using a Novel Measure of Injury.

Objectives: To examine potential intrinsic risk factors that may contribute to the onset of jumper's knee in elite level-male volleyball players.

Design: Prospective Cohort Study.

Setting: Varsity and National team volleyball gymnasiums.

Hip Abductors and Lumbar Lateral Flexors act as Energy Generators in Running Single-leg Jumps.

In humans, hip abductor and lumbar lateral flexor muscles are well-developed as side-to-side lumbopelvic stabilizers. We hypothesized that the hip abductors and lumbar lateral flexors act as energy generators during a running single-leg jump, although they are generally recognized as stabilizers. We collected kinematics and ground reaction force data in running single-leg jumps by 13 male high jumpers and calculated three-dimensional kinetic variables.

Stress Relaxation and Targeted Nutrition to Treat Patellar Tendinopathy.

Patellar tendinopathy is one of the most common afflictions in jumping sports. This case study outlines the rehabilitation of a professional basketball player diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a central core patellar tendinopathy within the proximal enthesis. The player undertook a nutrition and strength-based rehabilitation program combining gelatin ingestion and heavy isometric loading of the patellar tendon designed to produce significant stress relaxation as part of their competition schedule and a whole-body training plan.

Movement and joints: effects of overuse on anuran knee tissues.

Movement plays a main role in the correct development of joint tissues. In tetrapods, changes in normal movements produce alterations of such tissues during the ontogeny and in adult stages. The knee-joint is ideal for observing the influence of movement disorders, due to biomechanical properties of its components, which are involved in load transmission.

Ultrasound examination and patellar tendinopathy scores in asymptomatic college jumpers.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hypoechoic areas by US and its' association with VISA-P scores among asymptomatic jumpers while highlighting sex comparisons.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Pre-participation exam at a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) division I college.

Immediate effect of infrapatellar strap on pain and jump height in patellar tendinopathy among young athletes.

Background:: Infrapatellar strapping is a treatment technique used in various knee pathologies; however, its effect on pain and functional performance among young athletes has not been studied.

Objectives:: To evaluate the effect of infrapatellar strap on pain and jumping performance among young athletes diagnosed with patellar tendinopathy.

Study Design:: Pre-/post-test (within-subject research design).

Biomechanics of the knee extensor mechanism and its relationship to patella tendinopathy: A review.

The term jumpers knee for patella tendinitis, as coined by Dr. Martin Blazina, is now commonly referred to as tendinopathy. He believed it was associated with patella alta.

The Effect of Increasing Jump Steps on Stance Leg Joint Kinetics in Bounding.

Jump distance per step in bounding exercises from the standing position increases with increasing number of steps. We examined the hypothesis that the joint kinetic variables of the stance leg would also increase accordingly. Eleven male athletes (sprinters and jumpers) performed bounding exercise, starting from the double-leg standing posture, and covered the longest distance possible by performing a series of seven forward alternating single-leg jumps.